jQuery内置了一个缓存系统,它做的事情可就多了,动画模块,事件模块等非常有用的模块都是依赖它实现的。
其实说到底,就是在jQuery的命名空间下开辟了一个cache的对象。
将数据以一定得规则存放的cache对象中。
首先我们来看看内部实现:
jQuery.extend({ cache: {}, deletedIds: [], // Remove at next major release (1.9/2.0) uuid: 0, // Unique for each copy of jQuery on the page // Non-digits removed to match rinlinejQuery expando: "jQuery" + ( jQuery.fn.jquery + Math.random() ).replace( /\D/g, "" ), // The following elements throw uncatchable exceptions if you // attempt to add expando properties to them. noData: { "embed": true, // Ban all objects except for Flash (which handle expandos) "object": "clsid:D27CDB6E-AE6D-11cf-96B8-444553540000", "applet": true }, hasData: function( elem ) { elem = elem.nodeType ? jQuery.cache[ elem[jQuery.expando] ] : elem[ jQuery.expando ]; return !!elem && !isEmptyDataObject( elem ); }, data: function( elem, name, data, pvt /* Internal Use Only */ ) { // 该元素是否支持缓存 if ( !jQuery.acceptData( elem ) ) { return; } var thisCache, ret, // 内部标示 internalKey = jQuery.expando, // name是否为string getByName = typeof name === "string", // 我们必须以不同的方式处理dom节点和js对象 // 因为ie67 不能正确的回收对象引用,在dom和js范围中 // We have to handle DOM nodes and JS objects differently because IE6-7 // can't GC object references properly across the DOM-JS boundary isNode = elem.nodeType, // 只有dom节点需要全局的jquery缓存对象,js对象只需要直接添加, // 以至于回收器会自动的回收 // Only DOM nodes need the global jQuery cache; JS object data is // attached directly to the object so GC can occur automatically cache = isNode ? jQuery.cache : elem, // 只定义为JS对象ID,如果它已经允许存在缓存 // 代码的快捷方式在相同的路径作为一个没有缓存DOM节点 // Only defining an ID for JS objects if its cache already exists allows // the code to shortcut on the same path as a DOM node with no cache id = isNode ? elem[ internalKey ] : elem[ internalKey ] && internalKey; // 预防做多余的工作,在我们需要尝试获取一个data对象,在他根本就不存在的情况下 // Avoid doing any more work than we need to when trying to get data on an // object that has no data at all if ( (!id || !cache[id] || (!pvt && !cache[id].data)) && getByName && data === undefined ) { return; } // 如果id不存在就创建一个id if ( !id ) { //只有dom对象需要一个唯一的id对每个元素,自从他们的data终端是全局缓存对象 // Only DOM nodes need a new unique ID for each element since their data // ends up in the global cache if ( isNode ) { elem[ internalKey ] = id = jQuery.deletedIds.pop() || jQuery.guid++; } else { id = internalKey; } } // 如果cash对应的id不存在,则创建 if ( !cache[ id ] ) { cache[ id ] = {}; // 预防暴漏jquery的metadata 在普通的js对象想要用JSON.stringify序列化 // Avoids exposing jQuery metadata on plain JS objects when the object // is serialized using JSON.stringify if ( !isNode ) { cache[ id ].toJSON = jQuery.noop; } } // 可以传递一个对象给jquery.data 来取代键值对, // 获取浅拷贝放入已获取的缓存 // An object can be passed to jQuery.data instead of a key/value pair; this gets // shallow copied over onto the existing cache if ( typeof name === "object" || typeof name === "function" ) { // 注意pvt参数,这个参数只用来内部处理 // 在不设置这个参数时,cache[id] 开辟一个data的命名空间,并把数据放在改命名空间、 // 一般pvt是给jquery内部使用, 如jquery.event // 这是用来区分用户自定义缓存和jquery内置缓存 if ( pvt ) { cache[ id ] = jQuery.extend( cache[ id ], name ); } else { cache[ id ].data = jQuery.extend( cache[ id ].data, name ); } } // 获取该缓存空间 thisCache = cache[ id ]; // 这里有同样的注释 // jQuery.data() 保存一个分离的对象进入对象内部data cache, // 是为防止内部数据和用户定义数据的键冲突 // jQuery data() is stored in a separate object inside the object's internal data // cache in order to avoid key collisions between internal data and user-defined // data. if ( !pvt ) { if ( !thisCache.data ) { thisCache.data = {}; } thisCache = thisCache.data; } // 如果data,存在则直接缓存 if ( data !== undefined ) { thisCache[ jQuery.camelCase( name ) ] = data; } // 最终获取缓存的对象 // 此方法也是存取并用的方法 // Check for both converted-to-camel and non-converted data property names // If a data property was specified if ( getByName ) { // First Try to find as-is property data ret = thisCache[ name ]; // Test for null|undefined property data if ( ret == null ) { // Try to find the camelCased property ret = thisCache[ jQuery.camelCase( name ) ]; } } else { ret = thisCache; } return ret; }, // 根据data的存储方式,清空某些缓存应该就很明了了 removeData: function( elem, name, pvt /* Internal Use Only */ ) { if ( !jQuery.acceptData( elem ) ) { return; } var thisCache, i, l, isNode = elem.nodeType, // See jQuery.data for more information cache = isNode ? jQuery.cache : elem, id = isNode ? elem[ jQuery.expando ] : jQuery.expando; // If there is already no cache entry for this object, there is no // purpose in continuing if ( !cache[ id ] ) { return; } if ( name ) { thisCache = pvt ? cache[ id ] : cache[ id ].data; if ( thisCache ) { // Support array or space separated string names for data keys if ( !jQuery.isArray( name ) ) { // try the string as a key before any manipulation if ( name in thisCache ) { name = [ name ]; } else { // split the camel cased version by spaces unless a key with the spaces exists name = jQuery.camelCase( name ); if ( name in thisCache ) { name = [ name ]; } else { name = name.split(" "); } } } for ( i = 0, l = name.length; i < l; i++ ) { delete thisCache[ name[i] ]; } // If there is no data left in the cache, we want to continue // and let the cache object itself get destroyed if ( !( pvt ? isEmptyDataObject : jQuery.isEmptyObject )( thisCache ) ) { return; } } } // See jQuery.data for more information if ( !pvt ) { delete cache[ id ].data; // Don't destroy the parent cache unless the internal data object // had been the only thing left in it if ( !isEmptyDataObject( cache[ id ] ) ) { return; } } // Destroy the cache if ( isNode ) { jQuery.cleanData( [ elem ], true ); // Use delete when supported for expandos or `cache` is not a window per isWindow (#10080) } else if ( jQuery.support.deleteExpando || cache != cache.window ) { delete cache[ id ]; // When all else fails, null } else { cache[ id ] = null; } }, // 内部调用缓存的接口 // For internal use only. _data: function( elem, name, data ) { return jQuery.data( elem, name, data, true ); }, // A method for determining if a DOM node can handle the data expando acceptData: function( elem ) { var noData = elem.nodeName && jQuery.noData[ elem.nodeName.toLowerCase() ]; // nodes accept data unless otherwise specified; rejection can be conditional return !noData || noData !== true && elem.getAttribute("classid") === noData; } });
实践是检验真理的唯一标准,所以让我们来用用看。
var el = docuement.getElementById("aElement"); var data = $.data(el, "hello", {name: 123}); // 开始也有提到时间系统也是基于缓存, // 我们在这就可以看下发生了什么 $(el).click(function() { alert(213321); }); // 接下来 我们查看我们的jquery.cache对象 console.log(JSON.stringify($.cache)); /* {"1": // 自定义数据,放在data命名空间内 {"data": {"hello":{"name":123}}, //jquery 内部数据,这里是事件数据 "events":{"click":[{"type":"click","origType":"click","data":null,"guid":3,"selector":null,"needsContext":null,"namespace":""}]}}} 再看看刚刚缓存用的元素el el中多了一个属性 jQuery18308567570869345218值为1 与cache中保存的键值相对应, */
其他缓存相关方法都是基于这几个方法,就不一一提及了。总之缓存系统功能强大,jquery用它的地方很多。知道它的原理对记下来源码的阅读还是挺有帮助的。