Android入门：封装一个HTTP请求的辅助类

前面的文章中，我们曾经实现了一个HTTP的GET 和 POST 请求；

此处我封装了一个HTTP的get和post的辅助类，能够更好的使用；

类名：HttpRequestUtil

提供了如下功能：

(1)模拟GET请求；

(2)模拟POST请求；

(3)模拟文件上传请求；

(4)发送XML数据；

发送GET请求

(1)public static URLConnection sendGetRequest(String url, Map<String, String> params, Map<String, String> headers)

参数：

(1)url：单纯的URL，不带任何参数；

(2)params：参数；

(3)headers：需要设置的HTTP请求头；

返回：

HttpURLConnection

发送POST请求

(2)public static URLConnection sendPostRequest(String url, Map<String, String> params, Map<String, String> headers)

参数：

(1)url：单纯的URL，不带任何参数；

(2)params：参数；

(3)headers：需要设置的HTTP请求头；

返回：

HttpURLConnection

文件上传

(3)public static boolean uploadFiles(String url, Map<String, String> params, FormFile[] files)

参数：

(1)url：单纯URL

(2)params：参数；

(3)files：多个文件

返回：是否上传成功

(4)public static boolean uploadFile(String path, Map<String, String> params, FormFile file)

参数：

(1)url：单纯URL

(2)params：参数；

(3)file：一个文件

返回：是否上传成功

发送XML数据

(5)public static byte[] postXml(String url, String xml, String encoding)

参数：

(1)url：单纯URL

(2)xml：XML数据

(3)XML数据编码

对于上传文件，FormFile的构造函数声明如下：

(1)public FormFile(String filname, byte[] data, String parameterName, String contentType)

参数：

(1)filname：文件的名称

(2)data：文件的数据

(3)parameterName：HTML的文件上传控件的参数的名字

(4)contentType：文件类型，比如text/plain为txt

(2)public FormFile(String filname, File file, String parameterName, String contentType)

参数：

(1)filname：文件的名称

(2)file：文件名

(3)parameterName：HTML的文件上传控件的参数的名字

(4)contentType：文件类型，比如text/plain为txt

FormFile.java

 package com.xiazdong.netword.http.util;

 import java.io.File;
 import java.io.FileInputStream;
 import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
 import java.io.InputStream;

 /**
  * 上传文件
  */
 public class FormFile {
     /* 上传文件的数据 */
     private byte[] data;
     private InputStream inStream;
     private File file;
     /* 文件名称 */
     private String filname;
     /* 请求参数名称*/
     private String parameterName;
     /* 内容类型 */
     private String contentType = "application/octet-stream";

     /**
      * 此函数用来传输小文件
      * @param filname
      * @param data
      * @param parameterName
      * @param contentType
      */
     public FormFile(String filname, byte[] data, String parameterName, String contentType) {
         this.data = data;
         this.filname = filname;
         this.parameterName = parameterName;
         if(contentType!=null) this.contentType = contentType;
     }
     /**
      * 此函数用来传输大文件
      * @param filname
      * @param file
      * @param parameterName
      * @param contentType
      */
     public FormFile(String filname, File file, String parameterName, String contentType) {
         this.filname = filname;
         this.parameterName = parameterName;
         this.file = file;
         try {
             this.inStream = new FileInputStream(file);
         } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
             e.printStackTrace();
         }
         if(contentType!=null) this.contentType = contentType;
     }

     public File getFile() {
         return file;
     }

     public InputStream getInStream() {
         return inStream;
     }

     public byte[] getData() {
         return data;
     }

     public String getFilname() {
         return filname;
     }

     public void setFilname(String filname) {
         this.filname = filname;
     }

     public String getParameterName() {
         return parameterName;
     }

     public void setParameterName(String parameterName) {
         this.parameterName = parameterName;
     }

     public String getContentType() {
         return contentType;
     }

     public void setContentType(String contentType) {
         this.contentType = contentType;
     }

 }

HttpRequestUtil.java

 package com.xiazdong.netword.http.util;
 import java.io.BufferedReader;
 import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
 import java.io.File;
 import java.io.FileInputStream;
 import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
 import java.io.InputStream;
 import java.io.InputStreamReader;
 import java.io.OutputStream;
 import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
 import java.net.InetAddress;
 import java.net.Socket;
 import java.net.URL;
 import java.net.URLConnection;
 import java.net.URLEncoder;
 import java.util.HashMap;
 import java.util.Map;
 import java.util.Map.Entry;
 import java.util.Set;

 /*
  * 此类用来发送HTTP请求
  * */
 public class HttpRequestUtil {
     /**
      * 发送GET请求
      * @param url
      * @param params
      * @param headers
      * @return
      * @throws Exception
      */
     public static URLConnection sendGetRequest(String url,
             Map<String, String> params, Map<String, String> headers)
             throws Exception {
         StringBuilder buf = new StringBuilder(url);
         Set<Entry<String, String>> entrys = null;
         // 如果是GET请求，则请求参数在URL中
         if (params != null && !params.isEmpty()) {
             buf.append("?");
             entrys = params.entrySet();
             for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : entrys) {
                 buf.append(entry.getKey()).append("=")
                         .append(URLEncoder.encode(entry.getValue(), "UTF-8"))
                         .append("&");
             }
             buf.deleteCharAt(buf.length() - 1);
         }
         URL url1 = new URL(buf.toString());
         HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) url1.openConnection();
         conn.setRequestMethod("GET");
         // 设置请求头
         if (headers != null && !headers.isEmpty()) {
             entrys = headers.entrySet();
             for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : entrys) {
                 conn.setRequestProperty(entry.getKey(), entry.getValue());
             }
         }
         conn.getResponseCode();
         return conn;
     }
     /**
      * 发送POST请求
      * @param url
      * @param params
      * @param headers
      * @return
      * @throws Exception
      */
     public static URLConnection sendPostRequest(String url,
             Map<String, String> params, Map<String, String> headers)
             throws Exception {
         StringBuilder buf = new StringBuilder();
         Set<Entry<String, String>> entrys = null;
         // 如果存在参数，则放在HTTP请求体，形如name=aaa&age=10
         if (params != null && !params.isEmpty()) {
             entrys = params.entrySet();
             for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : entrys) {
                 buf.append(entry.getKey()).append("=")
                         .append(URLEncoder.encode(entry.getValue(), "UTF-8"))
                         .append("&");
             }
             buf.deleteCharAt(buf.length() - 1);
         }
         URL url1 = new URL(url);
         HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) url1.openConnection();
         conn.setRequestMethod("POST");
         conn.setDoOutput(true);
         OutputStream out = conn.getOutputStream();
         out.write(buf.toString().getBytes("UTF-8"));
         if (headers != null && !headers.isEmpty()) {
             entrys = headers.entrySet();
             for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : entrys) {
                 conn.setRequestProperty(entry.getKey(), entry.getValue());
             }
         }
         conn.getResponseCode(); // 为了发送成功
         return conn;
     }
     /**
      * 直接通过HTTP协议提交数据到服务器,实现如下面表单提交功能:
      *   <FORM METHOD=POST ACTION="http://192.168.0.200:8080/ssi/fileload/test.do" enctype="multipart/form-data">
             <INPUT TYPE="text" NAME="name">
             <INPUT TYPE="text" NAME="id">
             <input type="file" name="imagefile"/>
             <input type="file" name="zip"/>
          </FORM>
      * @param path 上传路径(注：避免使用localhost或127.0.0.1这样的路径测试，因为它会指向手机模拟器，你可以使用http://www.itcast.cn或http://192.168.1.10:8080这样的路径测试)
      * @param params 请求参数 key为参数名,value为参数值
      * @param file 上传文件
      */
     public static boolean uploadFiles(String path, Map<String, String> params, FormFile[] files) throws Exception{
         final String BOUNDARY = "---------------------------7da2137580612"; //数据分隔线
         final String endline = "--" + BOUNDARY + "--\r\n";//数据结束标志

         int fileDataLength = 0;
         if(files!=null&&files.length!=0){
             for(FormFile uploadFile : files){//得到文件类型数据的总长度
                 StringBuilder fileExplain = new StringBuilder();
                 fileExplain.append("--");
                 fileExplain.append(BOUNDARY);
                 fileExplain.append("\r\n");
                 fileExplain.append("Content-Disposition: form-data;name=\""+ uploadFile.getParameterName()+"\";filename=\""+ uploadFile.getFilname() + "\"\r\n");
                 fileExplain.append("Content-Type: "+ uploadFile.getContentType()+"\r\n\r\n");
                 fileExplain.append("\r\n");
                 fileDataLength += fileExplain.length();
                 if(uploadFile.getInStream()!=null){
                     fileDataLength += uploadFile.getFile().length();
                 }else{
                     fileDataLength += uploadFile.getData().length;
                 }
             }
         }
         StringBuilder textEntity = new StringBuilder();
         if(params!=null&&!params.isEmpty()){
             for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : params.entrySet()) {//构造文本类型参数的实体数据
                 textEntity.append("--");
                 textEntity.append(BOUNDARY);
                 textEntity.append("\r\n");
                 textEntity.append("Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\""+ entry.getKey() + "\"\r\n\r\n");
                 textEntity.append(entry.getValue());
                 textEntity.append("\r\n");
             }
         }
         //计算传输给服务器的实体数据总长度
         int dataLength = textEntity.toString().getBytes().length + fileDataLength +  endline.getBytes().length;

         URL url = new URL(path);
         int port = url.getPort()==-1 ? 80 : url.getPort();
         Socket socket = new Socket(InetAddress.getByName(url.getHost()), port);
         OutputStream outStream = socket.getOutputStream();
         //下面完成HTTP请求头的发送
         String requestmethod = "POST "+ url.getPath()+" HTTP/1.1\r\n";
         outStream.write(requestmethod.getBytes());
         String accept = "Accept: image/gif, image/jpeg, image/pjpeg, image/pjpeg, application/x-shockwave-flash, application/xaml+xml, application/vnd.ms-xpsdocument, application/x-ms-xbap, application/x-ms-application, application/vnd.ms-excel, application/vnd.ms-powerpoint, application/msword, */*\r\n";
         outStream.write(accept.getBytes());
         String language = "Accept-Language: zh-CN\r\n";
         outStream.write(language.getBytes());
         String contenttype = "Content-Type: multipart/form-data; boundary="+ BOUNDARY+ "\r\n";
         outStream.write(contenttype.getBytes());
         String contentlength = "Content-Length: "+ dataLength + "\r\n";
         outStream.write(contentlength.getBytes());
         String alive = "Connection: Keep-Alive\r\n";
         outStream.write(alive.getBytes());
         String host = "Host: "+ url.getHost() +":"+ port +"\r\n";
         outStream.write(host.getBytes());
         //写完HTTP请求头后根据HTTP协议再写一个回车换行
         outStream.write("\r\n".getBytes());
         //把所有文本类型的实体数据发送出来
         outStream.write(textEntity.toString().getBytes());
         //把所有文件类型的实体数据发送出来
         if(files!=null&&files.length!=0){
             for(FormFile uploadFile : files){
                 StringBuilder fileEntity = new StringBuilder();
                 fileEntity.append("--");
                 fileEntity.append(BOUNDARY);
                 fileEntity.append("\r\n");
                 fileEntity.append("Content-Disposition: form-data;name=\""+ uploadFile.getParameterName()+"\";filename=\""+ uploadFile.getFilname() + "\"\r\n");
                 fileEntity.append("Content-Type: "+ uploadFile.getContentType()+"\r\n\r\n");
                 outStream.write(fileEntity.toString().getBytes());
                 if(uploadFile.getInStream()!=null){
                     byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
                     int len = 0;
                     while((len = uploadFile.getInStream().read(buffer, 0, 1024))!=-1){
                         outStream.write(buffer, 0, len);
                     }
                     uploadFile.getInStream().close();
                 }else{
                     outStream.write(uploadFile.getData(), 0, uploadFile.getData().length);
                 }
                 outStream.write("\r\n".getBytes());
             }
         }
         //下面发送数据结束标志，表示数据已经结束
         outStream.write(endline.getBytes());
         BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(socket.getInputStream()));
         if(reader.readLine().indexOf("200")==-1){//读取web服务器返回的数据，判断请求码是否为200，如果不是200，代表请求失败
             return false;
         }
         outStream.flush();
         outStream.close();
         reader.close();
         socket.close();
         return true;
     }
     /**
      * 提交数据到服务器
      * @param path 上传路径(注：避免使用localhost或127.0.0.1这样的路径测试，因为它会指向手机模拟器，你可以使用http://www.itcast.cn或http://192.168.1.10:8080这样的路径测试)
      * @param params 请求参数 key为参数名,value为参数值
      * @param file 上传文件
      */
     public static boolean uploadFile(String path, Map<String, String> params, FormFile file) throws Exception{
        return uploadFiles(path, params, new FormFile[]{file});
     }
     /**
      * 将输入流转为字节数组
      * @param inStream
      * @return
      * @throws Exception
      */
     public static byte[] read2Byte(InputStream inStream)throws Exception{
         ByteArrayOutputStream outSteam = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
         byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
         int len = 0;
         while( (len = inStream.read(buffer)) !=-1 ){
             outSteam.write(buffer, 0, len);
         }
         outSteam.close();
         inStream.close();
         return outSteam.toByteArray();
     }
     /**
      * 将输入流转为字符串
      * @param inStream
      * @return
      * @throws Exception
      */
     public static String read2String(InputStream inStream)throws Exception{
         ByteArrayOutputStream outSteam = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
         byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
         int len = 0;
         while( (len = inStream.read(buffer)) !=-1 ){
             outSteam.write(buffer, 0, len);
         }
         outSteam.close();
         inStream.close();
         return new String(outSteam.toByteArray(),"UTF-8");
     }
     /**
      * 发送xml数据
      * @param path 请求地址
      * @param xml xml数据
      * @param encoding 编码
      * @return
      * @throws Exception
      */
     public static byte[] postXml(String path, String xml, String encoding) throws Exception{
         byte[] data = xml.getBytes(encoding);
         URL url = new URL(path);
         HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection)url.openConnection();
         conn.setRequestMethod("POST");
         conn.setDoOutput(true);
         conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "text/xml; charset="+ encoding);
         conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Length", String.valueOf(data.length));
         conn.setConnectTimeout(5 * 1000);
         OutputStream outStream = conn.getOutputStream();
         outStream.write(data);
         outStream.flush();
         outStream.close();
         if(conn.getResponseCode()==200){
             return read2Byte(conn.getInputStream());
         }
         return null;
     }
     //测试函数
     public static void main(String args[]) throws Exception {
         Map<String, String> params = new HashMap<String, String>();
         params.put("name", "xiazdong");
         params.put("age", "10");
         HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) HttpRequestUtil
                 .sendGetRequest(
                         "http://192.168.0.103:8080/Server/PrintServlet",
                         params, null);
         int code = conn.getResponseCode();
         InputStream in = conn.getInputStream();
         byte[]data = read2Byte(in);
     }
 }

测试代码：

 Map<String,String> params = new HashMap<String,String>();
 params.put("name", name.getText().toString());
 params.put("age", age.getText().toString());
 HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) HttpRequestUtil.sendGetRequest("http://192.168.0.103:8080/Server/PrintServlet", params, null);

文件上传测试代码：

 FormFile formFile = new FormFile(file.getName(), file, "document", "text/plain");
 boolean isSuccess = HttpRequestUtil.uploadFile("http://192.168.0.103:8080/Server/FileServlet", null, formFile);

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