redhat ent6.5使用centos yum

转载自：http://blog.csdn.net/zhngjan/article/details/20843465

搜狐镜像库：mirrors.sohu.com

163镜像库：mirrors.163.com

RedHat Enterprise Linux6.4 使用CentOS yum源

 

查看系统信息：

[admin@server1 ~]$ uname -a  

Linux server1 2.6.32-358.el6.x86_64 #1 SMP Tue Jan 29 11:47:41 EST 2013 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux  

 在使用redhat linux的yum来安装或者更新软件的时候会提示 

[admin@server1 ~]$ sudo yum install gcc
Loaded plugins: product-id, refresh-packagekit, security, subscription-manager
This system is not registered to Red Hat Subscription Management. You can use subscription-manager to register.
Setting up Install Process
No package gcc available.
Error: Nothing to do

 

[注]请以root身份操作

由于 redhat的yum在线更新是收费的，如果没有注册的话不能使用，如果要使用，需将redhat的yum卸载后，重启安装，再配置其他源
解决办法：
1、首先到http://mirrors.163.com/centos下载软件包

## x86 地址：http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/os/i386/Packages/

## x86_64 地址：http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/os/x86_64/Packages/

## 必要下载的软件包有（以64位系统为例）：

 python-iniparse-0.3.1-2.1.el6.noarch.rpm

 yum-3.2.29-40.el6.centos.noarch.rpm

 yum-metadata-parser-1.1.2-16.el6.x86_64.rpm

 yum-plugin-fastestmirror-1.1.30-14.el6.noarch.rpm

 

 

下载命令：

wget http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/os/x86_64/Packages/python-iniparse-0.3.1-2.1.el6.noarch.rpm  

wget http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/os/x86_64/Packages/yum-metadata-parser-1.1.2-16.el6.x86_64.rpm  

wget http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/os/x86_64/Packages/yum-3.2.29-40.el6.centos.noarch.rpm wget http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/os/x86_64/Packages/yum-plugin-fastestmirror-1.1.30-14.el6.noarch.rpm

 

[注] :版本不一定要最新的(http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/os/x86_64/Packages/ 查找对应版本)  

2、卸载RedHat自带的yum

rpm -qa | grep yum | xargs rpm -e --nodeps 

  注：1>   xargs是一条Unix和类Unix操作系统的常用命令。它的作用是将参数列表转换成小块分段传递给其他命令，以避免参数列表过长的问题

        2>   --nodeps  强制卸载,不管依赖性
 
3、安装下载的centos的yum包：
 

rpm -ivh python-iniparse-0.3.1-2.1.el6.noarch.rpm  

rpm -ivh yum-metadata-parser-1.1.2-16.el6.x86_64.rpm  

rpm -ivh yum-3.2.29-40.el6.centos.noarch.rpm yum-plugin-fastestmirror-1.1.30-14.el6.noarch.rpm 

[注] :最后2个需要一起安装，否则会出现依赖性错误

 
4、到http://mirrors.163.com的 centos帮助文档 中下载CentOS6-Base-163.repo文件，存放到/etc/yum.repo.d中 

wget http://mirrors.163.com/.help/CentOS6-Base-163.repo 

5、编辑CentOS6-Base-163.repo文件，将其中的$releasever更改为centos的版本号

下面是修改好的：

# CentOS-Base.repo

#

# The mirror system uses the connecting IP address of the client and the

# update status of each mirror to pick mirrors that are updated to and

# geographically close to the client.  You should use this for CentOS updates

# unless you are manually picking other mirrors.

#

# If the mirrorlist= does not work for you, as a fall back you can try the 

# remarked out baseurl= line instead.

#

#





[base]

name=CentOS-6 - Base - 163.com

baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/os/$basearch/

#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=6&arch=$basearch&repo=os

gpgcheck=1

gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6





#released updates 

[updates]

name=CentOS-6 - Updates - 163.com

baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/updates/$basearch/

#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=6&arch=$basearch&repo=updates

gpgcheck=1

gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6





#additional packages that may be useful

[extras]

name=CentOS-6 - Extras - 163.com

baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/extras/$basearch/

#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=6&arch=$basearch&repo=extras

gpgcheck=1

gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6





#additional packages that extend functionality of existing packages

[centosplus]

name=CentOS-6 - Plus - 163.com

baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/centosplus/$basearch/

#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=6&arch=$basearch&repo=centosplus

gpgcheck=1

enabled=0

gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6





#contrib - packages by Centos Users

[contrib]

name=CentOS-6 - Contrib - 163.com

baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/contrib/$basearch/

#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=6&arch=$basearch&repo=contrib

gpgcheck=1

enabled=0

gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6

 

6、yum clean all 清除原有缓存

 

7、yum makecache  获取yum列表
出现下面提示，表示yum更改完成：
Metadata Cache Created

 

脚本：

#!/bin/bash

PATH=/bin:/sbin:/usr/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/local/sbin:~/bin

export PATH



# Check if user is root

if [ $(id -u) != "0" ]; then

    echo "Error: You must be root to run this script"

    exit 1

fi



clear

echo "========================================================================="

echo "Replace Redhat Enterprise Yum to CentOS Yum and Repos,  Written by Licess"

echo "========================================================================="







# uninstall rhel yum

echo "Uninstall Rhel Yum......"

rpm -qa|grep yum|xargs rpm -e --nodeps

# delete old rpm

echo "Clean old cache......"

rm -rf python-iniparse-0.3.1-2.1.el6.noarch.rpm

rm -rf yum-metadata-parser-1.1.2-16.el6.x86_64.rpm

rm -rf yum-3.2.29-40.el6.centos.noarch.rpm

rm -rf yum-plugin-fastestmirror-1.1.30-14.el6.noarch.rpm



# download CentOS Yum

echo "Download Python-iniparse......"

wget http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6. ... -2.1.el6.noarch.rpm



echo "Download yum-metadata-parse......"

wget  http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6. ... 2-16.el6.x86_64.rpm



echo "Download yum......"

wget http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6. ... 6.centos.noarch.rpm



echo "Download yum fastmirror......"

wget http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6. ... 0-14.el6.noarch.rpm



# install CentOS Yum

echo "Installing......"

rpm -ivh  python-iniparse-0.3.1-2.1.el6.noarch.rpm

rpm -ivh  yum-metadata-parser-1.1.2-16.el6.x86_64.rpm

rpm -ivh  yum-3.2.29-40.el6.centos.noarch.rpm yum-plugin-fastestmirror-1.1.30-14.el6.noarch.rpm



# replace repos

## 将修改改好的CentOS6-Base-163.repo 拷贝到/etc/yum.repo.d/中
##然后执行下面命令


yum clean all

yum makecache

yum update







echo "=========================================================================="

echo "You have successfully replace RedhatEnterprise Yum to CentOS yum and repos"

echo "=========================================================================="