Top 5 Grid Infrastructure Startup Issues [ID 1368382.1]

最近使用开发的过程中出现了一个小问题，顺便记录一下原因和方法--

    

Applies to:

    Oracle Database - Enterprise Edition - Version 11.2.0.1 and later

    Information in this document applies to any platform.

    

Purpose

    The purpose of this note is to provide a summary of the top 5 issues that may prevent the successful startup of the Grid Infrastructure (GI) stack.

    

Scope

    This note applies to 11gR2 Grid Infrastructure only.

To determine the status of GI, please run the following commands:

    

1. $GRID_HOME/bin/crsctl check crs
2. $GRID_HOME/bin/crsctl stat res -t -init
3. $GRID_HOME/bin/crsctl stat res -t
4. ps -ef | egrep 'init|d.bin'

    

Details

    

    

Issue #1: CRS-4639: Could not contact Oracle High Availability Services, ohasd.bin not running or ohasd.bin is running but no init.ohasd or other processes

    Symptoms:

    1. Command '$GRID_HOME/bin/crsctl check crs' returns error:
     CRS-4639: Could not contact Oracle High Availability Services
2. Command 'ps -ef | grep init' does not show a line similar to:
     root 4878 1 0 Sep12 ? 00:00:02 /bin/sh /etc/init.d/init.ohasd run
3. Command 'ps -ef | grep d.bin' does not show a line similar to:
     root 21350 1 6 22:24 ? 00:00:01 /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/bin/ohasd.bin reboot
    Or it may only show "ohasd.bin reboot" process without any other processes

    
Possible Causes:

    

1. The file '/etc/inittab' does not contain the line
      h1:35:respawn:/etc/init.d/init.ohasd run >/dev/null 2>&1 </dev/null
2. runlevel 3 has not been reached, some rc3 script is hanging
3. the init process (pid 1) did not spawn the process defined in /etc/inittab (h1) or a bad entry before init.ohasd like xx:wait:<process> blocked the start of init.ohasd
4. CRS autostart is disabled
5. The Oracle Local Registry ($GRID_HOME/cdata/<node>.olr) is missing or corrupted

    
Solutions:

    

1. Add the following line to /etc/inittab 
    h1:35:respawn:/etc/init.d/init.ohasd run >/dev/null 2>&1 </dev/null
   and then run "init q" as the root user.
2. Run command 'ps -ef | grep rc' and kill any remaining rc3 scripts that appear to be stuck.
3. Remove the bad entry before init.ohasd. Consult with OS vendor if "init q" does not spawn "init.ohasd run" process
4. Enable CRS autostart:
   # crsctl enable crs
   # crsctl start crs
5. Restore OLR from backup, as root user:
   # touch $GRID_HOME/cdata/<node>.olr
  # chown root:oinstall $GRID_HOME/cdata/<node>.olr
  # ocrconfig -local -restore$GRID_HOME/cdata/<node>/backup_<date>_<num>.olr
  # crsctl start crs

If OLR backup does not exist for any reason, perform deconfig and rerun root.sh is required to recreate OLR, as root user:
   # $GRID_HOME/crs/install/rootcrs.pl -deconfig -force
   # $GRID_HOME/root.sh
6. If above does not help, check OS messages for ohasd.bin logger message and manually execute crswrapexece.pl command mentioned in the OS message with LD_LIBRARY_PATH set to <GRID_HOME/lib to continue debug.

 

    

    

Issue #2: CRS-4530: Communications failure contacting Cluster Synchronization Services daemon, ocssd.bin is not running

    Symptoms:

    1. Command '$GRID_HOME/bin/crsctl check crs' returns errors:
    CRS-4638: Oracle High Availability Services is online
    CRS-4535: Cannot communicate with Cluster Ready Services
    CRS-4530: Communications failure contacting Cluster Synchronization Services daemon
    CRS-4534: Cannot communicate with Event Manager
2. Command 'ps -ef | grep d.bin' does not show a line similar to:
    oragrid 21543 1 1 22:24 ? 00:00:01 /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/bin/ocssd.bin
3. ocssd.bin is running but abort with message "CLSGPNP_CALL_AGAIN" in ocssd.log
4. ocssd.log shows:

   2012-01-27 13:42:58.796: [ CSSD][19]clssnmvDHBValidateNCopy: node 1, racnode1, has a disk HB, but no network HB, DHB has rcfg 223132864, wrtcnt, 1112, LATS 783238209,  
   lastSeqNo 1111, uniqueness 1327692232, timestamp 1327693378/787089065

    5. for 3 or more node cases, 2 nodes form cluster fine, the 3rd node joined then failed, ocssd.log show:

   2012-02-09 11:33:53.048: [ CSSD][1120926016](:CSSNM00008:)clssnmCheckDskInfo: Aborting local node to avoid splitbrain. Cohort of 2 nodes with leader 2, racnode2, is smaller than   
   cohort of 2 nodes led by node 1, racnode1, based on map type 2
   2012-02-09 11:33:53.048: [ CSSD][1120926016]###################################
   2012-02-09 11:33:53.048: [ CSSD][1120926016]clssscExit: CSSD aborting from thread clssnmRcfgMgrThread

    6. ocssd.bin startup timeout after 10minutes

       2012-04-08 12:04:33.153: [    CSSD][1]clssscmain: Starting CSS daemon, version 11.2.0.3.0, in (clustered) mode with uniqueness value 1333911873
   ......
   2012-04-08 12:14:31.994: [    CSSD][5]clssgmShutDown: Received abortive shutdown request from client.
   2012-04-08 12:14:31.994: [    CSSD][5]###################################
   2012-04-08 12:14:31.994: [    CSSD][5]clssscExit: CSSD aborting from thread GMClientListener
   2012-04-08 12:14:31.994: [    CSSD][5]###################################
   2012-04-08 12:14:31.994: [    CSSD][5](:CSSSC00012:)clssscExit: A fatal error occurred and the CSS daemon is terminating abnormally

    Possible Causes:

    

1. Voting disk is missing or inaccessible
2. Multicast is not working (for 11.2.0.2+)
3. private network is not working, ping or traceroute <private host> shows destination unreachable. Or firewall is enable for private network while ping/traceroute work fine
4. private network is pingable with normal ping command but not pingable with jumbo frame size (eg: ping -s 8900 <private ip>) when jumbo frame is enabled (MTU: 9000+). Or partial cluster nodes have jumbo frame set (MTU: 9000) and the problem node does not have jumbo frame set (MTU:1500)
5. gpnpd does not come up, stuck in dispatch thread,  Bug 10105195
6. too many disks discovered via asm_diskstring or slow scan of disks due to  Bug 13454354 on Solaris 11.2.0.3 only

    
Solutions:

    

1. restore the voting disk access by checking storage access,  disk permissions etc.
   If the voting disk is missing from the OCR ASM diskgroup, start CRS in exclusive mode and recreate the voting disk:
   # crsctl start crs -excl
   # crsctl replace votedisk <+OCRVOTE diskgroup>
2. Refer to  Document 1212703.1 for multicast test and fix
3. Consult with the network administrator to restore private network access or disable firewall for private network (for Linux, check service iptables status and service ip6tables status)
4. Engage network admin to enable jumbo frame from switch layer if it is enabled at Network card
5. Kill the gpnpd.bin process on surviving node, refer  Document 10105195.8
   Once above issues are resolved, restart Grid Infrastructure stack.
   If ping/traceroute all work for private network, there is a failed 11.2.0.1 to 11.2.0.2 upgrade happened, please check out 
    Bug 13416559 for workaround
6. Limit the number of ASM disks scan by supplying a more specific asm_diskstring, refer to  bug 13583387
   For Solaris 11.2.0.3 only, please apply patch 13250497, see  Document 1451367.1.

    每日一道理
时间好比一条小溪，它能招引我们奔向生活的海洋；时间如同一叶扁舟，它将帮助我们驶向理想的彼岸；时间犹如一支画笔，它会指点我们描绘人生的画卷。

 

    

    

Issue #3: CRS-4535: Cannot communicate with Cluster Ready Services, crsd.bin is not running

    Symptoms:

    1. Command '$GRID_HOME/bin/crsctl check crs' returns errors:
    CRS-4638: Oracle High Availability Services is online
    CRS-4535: Cannot communicate with Cluster Ready Services
    CRS-4529: Cluster Synchronization Services is online
    CRS-4534: Cannot communicate with Event Manager
2. Command 'ps -ef | grep d.bin' does not show a line similar to:
    root 23017 1 1 22:34 ? 00:00:00 /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/bin/crsd.bin reboot
3. Even if the crsd.bin process exists, command 'crsctl stat res -t -init' shows:
    ora.crsd
        1    ONLINE     INTERMEDIATE

    Possible Causes:

    

1. ocssd.bin is not running or resource ora.cssd is not ONLINE
2. +ASM<n> instance can not startup
3. OCR is inaccessible
4. Network configuration has been changed causing gpnp profile.xml mismatch
5. $GRID_HOME/crs/init/<host>.pid file for crsd has been removed or renamed manually, crsd.log shows: 'Error3 -2 writing PID to the file'
6. ocr.loc content mismatch with other cluster nodes. crsd.log shows: 'Shutdown CacheLocal. my hash ids don't match'

    
Solutions:

    

1. Check the solution for Issue 2, ensure ocssd.bin is running and ora.cssd is ONLINE
2. For 11.2.0.2+, ensure that the resource  ora.cluster_interconnect.haip is ONLINE, refer to  Document 1383737.1 for ASM startup 
   issues related to HAIP.
3. Ensure the OCR disk is available and accessible. If the OCR is lost for any reason, refer to  Document 1062983.1 on how to restore 
   the OCR.
4. Restore network configuration to be the same as interface defined in $GRID_HOME/gpnp/<node>/profiles/peer/profile.xml, refer to 
    Document 283684.1 for private network modification.
5. touch the file with <host>.pid under $GRID_HOME/crs/init.
   For 11.2.0.1, the file is owned by <grid> user.
   For 11.2.0.2, the file is owned by root user.
6. Using ocrconfig -repair command to fix the ocr.loc content:
   for example, as root user:
# ocrconfig -repair -add +OCR2 (to add an entry)
# ocrconfig -repair -delete +OCR2 (to remove an entry)
ohasd.bin needs to be up and running in order for above command to run.

Once above issues are resolved, either restart GI stack or start crsd.bin via:
   # crsctl start res ora.crsd -init

 

    

    

Issue #4: Agent or mdnsd.bin, gpnpd.bin, gipcd.bin not running

    Symptoms:

    1. orarootagent not running. ohasd.log shows:
2012-12-21 02:14:05.071: [    AGFW][24] {0:0:2} Created alert : (:CRSAGF00123:) :  Failed to start the agent process: /grid/11.2.0/grid_2/bin/orarootagent Category: -1 Operation: fail Loc: canexec2 OS error: 0 Other : no exe permission, file [/grid/11.2.0/grid_2/bin/orarootagent] 
2. mdnsd.bin, gpnpd.bin or gipcd.bin not running, here is a sample for mdnsd log file:
2012-12-31 21:37:27.601: [  clsdmt][1088776512]Creating PID [4526] file for home /u01/app/11.2.0/grid host lc1n1 bin mdns to /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/mdns/init/
2012-12-31 21:37:27.602: [  clsdmt][1088776512]Error3 -2 writing PID [4526] to the file [] 
2012-12-31 21:37:27.602: [  clsdmt][1088776512]Failed to record pid for MDNSD
or
2012-12-31 21:39:52.656: [  clsdmt][1099217216]Creating PID [4645] file for home /u01/app/11.2.0/grid host lc1n1 bin mdns to /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/mdns/init/
2012-12-31 21:39:52.656: [  clsdmt][1099217216]Writing PID [4645] to the file [/u01/app/11.2.0/grid/mdns/init/lc1n1.pid]
2012-12-31 21:39:52.656: [  clsdmt][1099217216]Failed to record pid for MDNSD
3. oraagent or appagent not running, crsd.log shows:
2012-12-01 00:06:24.462: [    AGFW][1164069184] {0:2:27} Created alert : (:CRSAGF00130:) :  Failed to start the agent /u01/app/grid/11.2.0/bin/appagent_oracle

    Possible Causes:

    

1. orarootagent missing execute permission
2. missing process associated <node>.pid file or the file has wrong ownership or permission
3. wrong permission/ownership within GRID_HOME

    
Solutions:

    

1. Either compare the permission/ownership with a good node GRID_HOME and make correction accordingly or as root user:
   # cd <GRID_HOME>/crs/install
   # ./rootcrs.pl -unlock
   # ./rootcrs.pl -patch
This will stop clusterware stack, set permssion/owership to root for required files and restart clusterware stack.
2. If the corresponding <node>.pid does not exist, touch the file with correct ownership and permission, otherwise correct the <node>.pid ownership/permission as required, then restart the clusterware stack.
Here is the list of <node>.pid file under <GRID_HOME>, owned by root:root, permission 644:
  ./ologgerd/init/<node>.pid
  ./osysmond/init/<node>.pid
  ./ctss/init/<node>.pid
  ./ohasd/init/<node>.pid
  ./crs/init/<node>.pid
Owned by <grid>:oinstall, permission 644:
  ./mdns/init/<node>.pid  
  ./evm/init/<node>.pid
  ./gipc/init/<node>.pid
  ./gpnp/init/<node>.pid 

3. For cause 3, please refer to solution 1.

 

    

    

Issue #5: ASM instance does not start, ora.asm is OFFLINE

    Symptoms:

    1. Command 'ps -ef | grep asm' shows no ASM processes
2. Command 'crsctl stat res -t -init' shows:
         ora.asm
               1    ONLINE    OFFLINE

    
Possible Causes:

    

1. ASM spfile is corrupted
2. ASM discovery string is incorrect and therefore voting disk/OCR cannot be discovered
3. ASMlib configuration problem
4. ASM instances are using different cluster_interconnect, HAIP OFFLINE on 1 node causing the 2nd ASM instance could not start

    
Solutions:

    

1. Create a temporary pfile to start ASM instance, then recreate spfile, see  Document 1095214.1 for more details.
2. Refer to  Document 1077094.1 to correct the ASM discovery string.
3. Refer to  Document 1050164.1 to fix ASMlib configuration.
4. Refer to  Document 1383737.1 for solution. For more information about HAIP, please refer to  Document 1210883.1

 

    For further debugging GI startup issue, please refer to Document 1050908.1 Troubleshoot Grid Infrastructure Startup Issues.

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