Create Shortcut/Registry in an Installer

昨天添加完UI后,我们Installer终于可以和用户交互了,虽然很简单,但总算有个好的开头...可是安装完之后呢?额...我们的产品到哪里启动啊?!太大意了,居然没有给程序做快捷方式!总不能每次让使用者从C:\Program Files\WixProject\下启动吧~

那在WiX中怎么创建呢?

代码

<? xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
< Wix  xmlns ="http://schemas.microsoft.com/wix/2006/wi" >
     < Product  Id ="e6ecf2a7-b03c-4b3f-ace8-6179ab62e4c7"  Name ="WixProject"  Language ="1033"  Version ="1.0.0.0"  Manufacturer ="WixProject"  UpgradeCode ="b3d503b8-4f21-4116-8562-6ff1e0e16a28" >
         < Package  InstallerVersion ="200"  Compressed ="yes"   />

         < Media  Id ="1"  Cabinet ="media1.cab"  EmbedCab ="yes"   />

         < Directory  Id ="TARGETDIR"  Name ="SourceDir" >
             < Directory  Id ="ProgramFilesFolder" >
                 < Directory  Id ="INSTALLLOCATION"  Name ="WixProject" >
                      < Component  Id ="Com.ProductComponent"  Guid ="266b1212-45bf-4b65-a31a-29c3bdc43e20" >
              < File  Id ="WindowsFormsApplication.exe"  Source ="$(var.SolutionDir)\WindowsFormsApplication\$(var.OutDir)\WindowsFormsApplication.exe"   KeyPath ="yes" >
                < Shortcut  Id ="WindowsFormsApplicationStartmenu"  Directory ="ProgramMenuDir"  Name ="Windows Forms Application"
                  WorkingDirectory ='INSTALLDIR'  Icon ="WindowsFormsApplicationIcon.exe"  IconIndex ="0"  Advertise ="yes"   />
                < Shortcut  Id ="WindowsFormsApplicationIconDesktop"  Directory ="DesktopFolder"  Name ="Windows Forms Application"
                  WorkingDirectory ='INSTALLDIR'  Icon ="WindowsFormsApplicationIcon.exe"  IconIndex ="0"  Advertise ="yes"   />
              </ File >
                      </ Component >  
                 </ Directory >
             </ Directory >
       < Directory  Id ="ProgramMenuFolder"  Name ="Programs" >
         < Directory  Id ="ProgramMenuDir"  Name ="Windows Forms Application" >
           < Component  Id ="Com.ProgramMenuDir"  Guid ="0194D405-F08A-4a86-AA83-75E9EB336BBE" >
             < RemoveFolder  Id ='ProgramMenuDir'  On ='uninstall'   />
             < RegistryValue  Id ='regValue'  Root ='HKCU'  Type ='string'  Key ='Software\[Manufacturer]\[ProductName]'  Name ='Location'  Value ='[INSTALLLOCATION]' />
           </ Component >
         </ Directory >
       </ Directory >

       < Component  Id ="Com.Reg"  Guid ="E5619341-E3B8-4513-970B-A9924DE3EE26" >
         < RegistryKey  Root ="HKLM"  Key ="Software\[Manufacturer]\[ProductName]"  Action ="createAndRemoveOnUninstall" >
           < RegistryValue  Type ="string"  Name ="Product"  Value ="[ProductName]"  KeyPath ="yes"   />
           < RegistryValue  Type ="string"  Name ="Version"  Value ="[ProductVersion]" />
           < RegistryValue  Type ="string"  Name ="Location"  Value ="[INSTALLLOCATION]" />
           < RegistryValue  Type ="string"  Name ="Language"  Value ="[ProductLanguage]" />
         </ RegistryKey >
       </ Component >

       < Directory  Id ="DesktopFolder"  Name ="Desktop"   />
         </ Directory >

         < Feature  Id ="Product"  Title ="Windows Form sApplication"  Level ="1" >
              < ComponentRef  Id ="Com.ProductComponent"   />
     </ Feature >
     < Feature  Id ="Others"  Title ="Shortcuts,Registry"  Level ="1" >
       < ComponentRef  Id ="Com.ProgramMenuDir"   />
       < ComponentRef  Id ="Com.Reg"   />
     </ Feature >

     < Icon  Id ="WindowsFormsApplicationIcon.exe"  SourceFile ="$(var.SolutionDir)\WindowsFormsApplication\$(var.OutDir)\WindowsFormsApplication.exe"   />

     < UIRef  Id ="WixUI_FeatureTree" />
    
     </ Product >
</ Wix >

 

有点儿多且乱哈,没关系,我们一步一步来看~先看快捷方式.

代码

< Shortcut  Id ="WindowsFormsApplicationStartmenu"  Directory ="ProgramMenuDir"  Name ="Windows Forms Application"
                  WorkingDirectory ='INSTALLDIR'  Icon ="WindowsFormsApplicationIcon.exe"  IconIndex ="0"  Advertise ="yes"   />
                < Shortcut  Id ="WindowsFormsApplicationIconDesktop"  Directory ="DesktopFolder"  Name ="Windows Forms Application"
                  WorkingDirectory ='INSTALLDIR'  Icon ="WindowsFormsApplicationIcon.exe"  IconIndex ="0"  Advertise ="yes"   />

Shortcut

1) 这里建立了两个位置的快捷方式,一个在"所有程序"文件夹里,一个在桌面~
2) 有两个属性需要注意,一个是"Directory":两个值"ProgramMenuDir"和"DesktopFolder"分别在后面定义的

代码

< Directory  Id ="ProgramMenuFolder"  Name ="Programs" >
         < Directory  Id ="ProgramMenuDir"  Name ="Windows Forms Application" >
          ...
         </ Directory >
       </ Directory >

< Directory  Id ="DesktopFolder"  Name ="Desktop"   />

另一个是"Icon",同样是引用了一个具体的量

< Icon  Id ="WindowsFormsApplicationIcon.exe"  SourceFile ="$(var.SolutionDir)\WindowsFormsApplication\$(var.OutDir)\WindowsFormsApplication.exe"   />

或许你注意到了吧,这个定义Icon的Id值有点儿特别,带有个"扩展名(.exe)".对咯,是和具体的SourceFile扩展名一致的,这是WiX的定义规范~你试着删除掉~

P.S.,如果你安装完毕后看不到ICON...那很可能你的应用程序没包含吧~

除了快捷方式,将产品信息写入注册表也是必须做的(主要是给其他程序查询自己提供方便,当然卸载的时候一定记着清理掉...不然就"流氓"了

代码

< Component  Id ="Com.ProgramMenuDir"  Guid ="0194D405-F08A-4a86-AA83-75E9EB336BBE" >
             < RemoveFolder  Id ='ProgramMenuDir'  On ='uninstall'   />
             < RegistryValue  Id ='regValue'  Root ='HKCU'  Type ='string'  Key ='Software\[Manufacturer]\[ProductName]'  Name ='Location'  Value ='[INSTALLLOCATION]' />
           </ Component >

......

< Component  Id ="Com.Reg"  Guid ="E5619341-E3B8-4513-970B-A9924DE3EE26" >
         < RegistryKey  Root ="HKLM"  Key ="Software\[Manufacturer]\[ProductName]"  Action ="createAndRemoveOnUninstall" >
           < RegistryValue  Type ="string"  Name ="Product"  Value ="[ProductName]"  KeyPath ="yes"   />
           < RegistryValue  Type ="string"  Name ="Version"  Value ="1.0.0.0" />
           < RegistryValue  Type ="string"  Name ="Location"  Value ="[INSTALLLOCATION]" />
           < RegistryValue  Type ="string"  Name ="Language"  Value ="[ProductLanguage]" />
         </ RegistryKey >
</ Component >

说明

1) RemoveFolder/RemoveFile,顾名思义删除文件夹和文件的,你可以选择什么时候做这些操作,这里是在"卸载"的时候,把给快捷方式创建的folder移除掉(默认是必须有这个的...),在HKCU中写入Registry也是必须的,把"Root"设置成"HKLM"试试~
2) 接下来几行都是写入HKLM注册表的~先建立主Key,在写入Key/Value值.在方括号("[]")中的都是MSI的"Property(属性)",都是再其他地方定义过的,找找看~ ^^" Action也值得试玩一下,还有移掉"Keypath"~

对了,我们还增加了一个Feature项,结合"WixUI_FeatureTree",看看有什么不一样的地方?

代码

< Feature  Id ="Product"  Title ="Windows Form sApplication"  Level ="1" >
     < ComponentRef  Id ="Com.ProductComponent"   />
     </ Feature >
     < Feature  Id ="Others"  Title ="Shortcuts,Registry"  Level ="1" >
       < ComponentRef  Id ="Com.ProgramMenuDir"   />
       < ComponentRef  Id ="Com.Reg"   />
     </ Feature >

......

< UIRef  Id ="WixUI_FeatureTree" />

 

好了,这下用户可以很方便的启动我们的程序了!

开始菜单

 

桌面

不知道有人试过没,把"Compressed"或者"EmbedCab"设置成"no",编译后有啥效果?

Compressed="no",需要安装的文件将不会被打包在MSI里,而是放在WixProject目录中(可以随便替换被安装文件~)

EmbedCab="no"