C# 版 flvmerge:快速合并多个flv文件

C# 版 flvmerge:快速合并多个flv文件

 

网上的视频很多都是分片的flv文件,怎么把他们合为一体呢?GUI工具就不考虑了,不适合批量执行,不适合在后台运行。有没有命令行工具或库可以实现呢?

ffmpeg 提供了一个方法:

(1)先把flv文件转换成mpeg

(2)将多个mpeg文件合并成1个独立的mpeg文件(二进制合并即可)

(3)将独立的mpeg文件转换成独立的flv文件。

 网上搜到的最多的也是这种解决办法。这种方法有两个缺点:

(1)需要两遍转码,非常耗时;

(2)转换后的独立的mpeg文件比原视频要短一点点。

 木有办法了,只好另寻他路。有人说有一个flvmerge.exe 程序可以将多个flv合并成一个,可惜的是俺搜了很久,都没找到这个程序,最后还是在一款免费软件里把这个“flvmerge.exe”文件给揪出来了,不幸的是,这个“flvmerge.exe”得不到正确的结果。

润之同学说过,自己动手,丰衣足食。上 github 上搜“flvmerge”,发现两个项目,“flvmerge”和“flvmerger”,都是C写的。前者不依赖于第三方库,后者依赖于第三方库,那么就从第一个开始吧。

看了看它的代码,知道了flv文件合并的原理:

(1) flv 文件由1header和若干个tag组成;

(2) header记录了视频的元数据;

(3) tag 是有时间戳的数据;

(4) flv合并的原理就是把多个文件里的tag组装起来,调整各tag的时间戳,再在文件起始处按个头部。

下面是我参照 flvmerge 项目,用linqpad写的一个C#版本的 flvmerge 代码:

 

复制代码
  1 void Main()

  2 {

  3     String path1 = "D:\\Videos\\Subtitle\\OutputCache\\1.flv";

  4     String path2 = "D:\\Videos\\Subtitle\\OutputCache\\2.flv";

  5     String path3 = "D:\\Videos\\Subtitle\\OutputCache\\3.flv";

  6     String output = "D:\\Videos\\Subtitle\\OutputCache\\output.flv";

  7     

  8     using(FileStream fs1 = new FileStream(path1, FileMode.Open))

  9     using(FileStream fs2 = new FileStream(path2, FileMode.Open))

 10     using(FileStream fs3 = new FileStream(path3, FileMode.Open))

 11     using(FileStream fsMerge = new FileStream(output, FileMode.Create))

 12     {

 13         Console.WriteLine(IsFLVFile(fs1));

 14         Console.WriteLine(IsFLVFile(fs2));

 15         Console.WriteLine(IsFLVFile(fs3));

 16         

 17         if(IsSuitableToMerge(GetFLVFileInfo(fs1),GetFLVFileInfo(fs2)) == false

 18             || IsSuitableToMerge(GetFLVFileInfo(fs1),GetFLVFileInfo(fs3)) == false)

 19         {

 20             Console.WriteLine("Video files not suitable to merge");

 21         }

 22         

 23         int time = Merge(fs1,fsMerge,true,0);

 24         time =  Merge(fs2,fsMerge,false,time);

 25         time =  Merge(fs3,fsMerge,false,time);

 26         Console.WriteLine("Merge finished");

 27     }

 28 }

 29 

 30 const int FLV_HEADER_SIZE = 9;

 31 const int FLV_TAG_HEADER_SIZE = 11;

 32 const int MAX_DATA_SIZE = 16777220;

 33 

 34 class FLVContext

 35 {

 36     public byte soundFormat;

 37     public byte soundRate;

 38     public byte soundSize;

 39     public byte soundType;

 40     public byte videoCodecID;

 41 }

 42 

 43 bool IsSuitableToMerge(FLVContext flvCtx1, FLVContext flvCtx2)

 44 {

 45     return (flvCtx1.soundFormat == flvCtx2.soundFormat) &&

 46       (flvCtx1.soundRate == flvCtx2.soundRate) &&

 47       (flvCtx1.soundSize == flvCtx2.soundSize) &&

 48       (flvCtx1.soundType == flvCtx2.soundType) &&

 49       (flvCtx1.videoCodecID == flvCtx2.videoCodecID);

 50 }

 51 

 52 bool IsFLVFile(FileStream fs)

 53 {

 54     int len;

 55     byte[] buf = new byte[FLV_HEADER_SIZE];

 56     fs.Position = 0;

 57     if( FLV_HEADER_SIZE != fs.Read(buf,0,buf.Length))

 58         return false;

 59     

 60     if (buf[0] != 'F' || buf[1] != 'L' || buf[2] != 'V' || buf[3] != 0x01)

 61         return false;

 62     else

 63         return true;

 64 }

 65 

 66 FLVContext GetFLVFileInfo(FileStream fs)

 67 {

 68     bool hasAudioParams, hasVideoParams;

 69     int skipSize, readLen;

 70     int dataSize;

 71     byte tagType;

 72     byte[] tmp = new byte[FLV_TAG_HEADER_SIZE+1];

 73     if (fs == null) return null;

 74 

 75     FLVContext flvCtx = new FLVContext();

 76     fs.Position = 0;

 77     skipSize = 9;

 78     fs.Position += skipSize;

 79     hasVideoParams = hasAudioParams = false;

 80     skipSize = 4;

 81     while (!hasVideoParams || !hasAudioParams)

 82     {

 83         fs.Position += skipSize;

 84         

 85         if (FLV_TAG_HEADER_SIZE+1 != fs.Read(tmp,0,tmp.Length))

 86           return null;

 87 

 88         tagType = (byte)(tmp[0] & 0x1f);

 89         switch (tagType)

 90         {

 91           case 8 :

 92             flvCtx.soundFormat = (byte)((tmp[FLV_TAG_HEADER_SIZE] & 0xf0) >> 4) ;

 93             flvCtx.soundRate   = (byte)((tmp[FLV_TAG_HEADER_SIZE] & 0x0c) >> 2) ;

 94             flvCtx.soundSize   = (byte)((tmp[FLV_TAG_HEADER_SIZE] & 0x02) >> 1) ;

 95             flvCtx.soundType   = (byte)((tmp[FLV_TAG_HEADER_SIZE] & 0x01) >> 0) ;

 96             hasAudioParams = true;

 97             break;

 98           case 9 :

 99             flvCtx.videoCodecID = (byte)((tmp[FLV_TAG_HEADER_SIZE] & 0x0f));

100             hasVideoParams = true;

101             break;

102           default :

103             break;

104         }

105 

106         dataSize = FromInt24StringBe(tmp[1],tmp[2],tmp[3]);

107         skipSize = dataSize - 1 + 4;

108     }

109 

110     return flvCtx;

111 }

112 

113 int FromInt24StringBe(byte b0, byte b1, byte b2)

114 {

115     return (int)((b0<<16) | (b1<<8) | (b2));

116 }

117 

118 int GetTimestamp(byte b0, byte b1, byte b2, byte b3)

119 {

120     return ((b3<<24) | (b0<<16) | (b1<<8) |    (b2));

121 }

122 

123 void SetTimestamp(byte[] data, int idx, int newTimestamp)

124 {

125     data[idx + 3] = (byte)(newTimestamp>>24);

126     data[idx + 0] = (byte)(newTimestamp>>16);

127     data[idx + 1] = (byte)(newTimestamp>>8);

128     data[idx + 2] = (byte)(newTimestamp);

129 }

130 

131 int Merge(FileStream fsInput, FileStream fsMerge, bool isFirstFile, int lastTimestamp = 0)

132 {

133     int readLen;

134     int curTimestamp  = 0;

135     int newTimestamp = 0;

136     int dataSize;

137     byte[] tmp = new byte[20];

138     byte[] buf = new byte[MAX_DATA_SIZE];

139     

140     fsInput.Position = 0;

141     if (isFirstFile)

142     {

143         if(FLV_HEADER_SIZE+4 == (fsInput.Read(tmp,0,FLV_HEADER_SIZE+4)))

144         {

145             fsMerge.Position = 0;

146             fsMerge.Write(tmp,0,FLV_HEADER_SIZE+4);

147         }

148     }

149     else

150     {

151         fsInput.Position = FLV_HEADER_SIZE + 4;

152     }

153     

154     while(fsInput.Read(tmp, 0, FLV_TAG_HEADER_SIZE) > 0)

155     {

156          dataSize = FromInt24StringBe(tmp[1],tmp[2],tmp[3]);

157          curTimestamp = GetTimestamp(tmp[4],tmp[5],tmp[6],tmp[7]);

158          newTimestamp = curTimestamp + lastTimestamp;

159          SetTimestamp(tmp,4, newTimestamp);

160          fsMerge.Write(tmp,0,FLV_TAG_HEADER_SIZE);

161          

162          readLen = dataSize+4;

163          if (fsInput.Read(buf,0,readLen) > 0) {

164                 fsMerge.Write(buf, 0, readLen);

165             } else {

166                 goto failed;

167         }

168     }

169     

170     return newTimestamp;

171     

172     failed:

173         throw new Exception("Merge Failed");

174 }
复制代码

 

测试通过,合并速度很快!

 

不过,这个方法有一个缺点:没有将各个文件里的关键帧信息合并,这个关键帧信息,切分flv文件时很重要,合并时就没那么重要了。如果确实需要的话,可以用 flvtool2来处理。

 

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