Linux 下挂载新硬盘方法
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1. 查看未挂载的磁盘
[root@localhost ~]# fdisk -l
Disk /dev/sda: 300.0 GB, 300000000000 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 36472 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 * 1 13 104391 83 Linux
/dev/sda2 14 36472 292856917+ 8e Linux LVM
Disk /dev/sdb: 300.0 GB, 300000000000 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 36472 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
从查询结果看出，有一个/dev/sdb的盘未挂载
2. 用fdisk 对/dev/sdb 进行分区
[root@localhost ~]# fdisk /dev/sdb
The number of cylinders for this disk is set to 36472.
There is nothing wrong with that, but this is larger than 1024,
and could in certain setups cause problems with:
1) software that runs at boot time (e.g., old versions of LILO)
2) booting and partitioning software from other OSs
(e.g., DOS FDISK, OS/2 FDISK)
Command (m for help): n
Command action
e extended
p primary partition (1-4)
p
Partition number (1-4): 1
First cylinder (1-36472, default 1):
Using default value 1
Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (1-36472, default 36472):
Using default value 36472
Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered!
Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.
再次查看分区情况，多出来一个/dev/sdb1 的区，这个1是我们在前面指定的，如果我们指定2，就变成 sdb2了。
[root@localhost ~]# fdisk -l
Disk /dev/sda: 300.0 GB, 300000000000 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 36472 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 * 1 13 104391 83 Linux
/dev/sda2 14 36472 292856917+ 8e Linux LVM
Disk /dev/sdb: 300.0 GB, 300000000000 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 36472 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdb1 1 36472 292961308+ 83 Linux
3. 格式化 /dev/sdb1 分区
[root@localhost ~]# mkfs -t ext3 /dev/sdb1
mke2fs 1.39 (29-May-2006)
Filesystem label=
OS type: Linux
Block size=4096 (log=2)
Fragment size=4096 (log=2)
36634624 inodes, 73240327 blocks
3662016 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
First data block=0
Maximum filesystem blocks=4294967296
2236 block groups
32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group
16384 inodes per group
Superblock backups stored on blocks:
32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632, 2654208,
4096000, 7962624, 11239424, 20480000, 23887872, 71663616
Writing inode tables: done
Creating journal (32768 blocks): done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
This filesystem will be automatically checked every 38 mounts or
180 days, whichever comes first. Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.
4. 创建data目录并将 /dev/sdb1 挂在到该目录下
[root@localhost ~]# ls /
bin dev home lib64 media mnt opt root selinux sys usr
boot etc lib lost+found misc net proc sbin srv tmp var
[root@localhost /]# mkdir /data
[root@localhost /]# mount /dev/sdb1 /data
5. 验证挂载是否成功
[root@localhost /]# df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/VolGroup00-LogVol00
254G 2.8G 238G 2% /
/dev/sda1 99M 13M 82M 14% /boot
tmpfs 12G 0 12G 0% /dev/shm
/dev/sdb1 276G 192M 261G 1% /data
6. 设置开机自动挂载
[root@localhost /]# vi /etc/fstab
/dev/VolGroup00/LogVol00 / ext3 defaults 1 1
LABEL=/boot /boot ext3 defaults 1 2
tmpfs /dev/shm tmpfs defaults 0 0
devpts /dev/pts devpts gid=5,mode=620 0 0
sysfs /sys sysfs defaults 0 0
proc /proc proc defaults 0 0
/dev/VolGroup00/LogVol01 swap swap defaults 0 0
/dev/sdb1 /data ext3 defaults 1 2
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