1.元素分类：
#[11,22,33,44,55,66,77,88,99,90]
#将所有大于66的值保存至字典的一个key中
#将小于66的保存至第二个key中
#{'k1':[77,88,99,90],'k2':[11,22,33,44,55,66]}
li = [11,22,33,44,55,66,77,88,99,90]
dic = {'k1':[],'k2':[]}
for i in li:
if i > 66:
dic['k2'].append(i)
else:
dic['k1'].append(i)
dic1 = {}
#key不确定的情况洗
for i in li:
if i > 66:
if 'k2' in dic1.keys():
dic['k2'].append(i)
else:
dic1['k2'] = [i,]
else:
if 'k1' in dic1.keys():
dic['k1'].append(i)
else:
dic['k1']= [i,]
#1.txt
#yys|123|1
#eddy|123|1
#linux|123|1
'''dic = {
'yys':[123,1]
'eddy':[123,1]
'linux':[123,1]
}
'''
dic = {}
with open('1.txt','r') as file:
for i in file.readlines():
line_list = i.strip().split('|')#每一行做为列表，把|分割的元素做为每一个元素
#['yys','123','1']
dic[line_list[0]] = line_list[1:]
print dic
2.collections
计数器
#计算元素出现了多少次
c1 = collections.Counter('aaaccdd')
c2 = collections.Counter('aaacddee')
Counter({'a': 3, 'c': 2, 'd': 2})
Counter({'a': 3, 'e': 2, 'd': 2, 'c': 1})
#统计前几名3表示前三名
print c1.most_common(3)
[('a', 3), ('c', 2), ('d', 2)]
#update两个统计叠加
c1.update(c2)
Counter({'a': 6, 'd': 4, 'c': 3, 'e': 2})
#打印元素
c1 = collections.Counter('aaaccdd')
for i in c1.elements():
print i
a
a
a
c
c
d
d
#统计列表
li = [11,22,33,44,55,11,1,22,33]
c1 = collections.Counter(li)
print c1
Counter({33: 2, 11: 2, 22: 2, 1: 1, 44: 1, 55: 1})
有序字典
dic = {'k1':123,'k2':123,'k3':12}
dic1 = collections.OrderedDict()
dic1['k1'] = 1
dic1['k2'] = 1
dic1['k3'] = 1
{'k3': 12, 'k2': 123, 'k1': 123}
OrderedDict([('k1', 1), ('k2', 1), ('k3', 1)])
默认字典
原生字典中dic{'k1':None}
if 'k1' in dic.keys():
dic['k1'].append(1)
else:
dic['k1'] = []
得到dic{'k1':[]}
默认字典中
my_dic = collections.defaultdict(list)
就能得到 my_dic{'k1':[]}
为字典中value设置一个默认类型可以是字典、列表、元组
可命名元组
#创建一个扩展的元组类，mytuple，除了元组本身的使用方法还扩展了自己定义的方法
mytuple = collections.namedtuple('mytuple',['x','y'])
new = mytuple(1,2)
print new
print new.x
print new.y
mytuple(x=1, y=2)
1
2
双向队列
#双向队列
q = collections.deque()
#右边添加
q.append(1)
q.append(2)
q.append(3)
q.append(4)
#左边添加
q.appendleft(5)
#右边删除
q.pop()
#左边删除
q.popleft()
