mysqld_multi 配置MySQL多实例

mysqld_multi 配置MySQL多实例

1、下载MySQL源码安装版本

     到MySQL官网查找到相应版本下载，本文下载的是5.1版本

wget -c ftp://ftp.mirrorservice.org/sites/ftp.mysql.com/Downloads/MySQL-5.1/mysql-5.1.60.tar.gz

 

2、解压安装

     tar -zxv -f mysql-5.1.60.tar.gz    

./configure \
--prefix=/usr/local/m \
--enable-assembler \
--enable-local-infile \
--with-charset=utf8 \
--with-collation=utf8_general_ci \
--with-extra-charsets=none \
--with-openssl \
--with-pthread \
--with-unix-socket-path=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock \
--with-mysqld-user=mysql \
--with-mysqld-ldflags \
--with-client-ldflags \
--with-comment \
--with-big-tables \
--without-ndb-debug \
--without-docs \
--without-debug \
--without-bench

make && make install

3、添加用户和用户组

		
shell> groupadd mysql
shell> useradd -r -g mysql mysql
shell> cd /usr/local
shell> tar zxvf /path/to/mysql-5.1.60.tar.gz
shell> ln -s full-path-to-mysql-5.1.60 mysql
shell> cd mysql
shell> chown -R mysql .
shell> chgrp -R mysql .
shell> scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql
shell> chown -R root .
shell> chown -R mysql data
# Next command is optional
shell> cp support-files/my-medium.cnf /etc/my.cnf
shell> bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql &
# Next command is optional
shell> cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql.server

 

4、初始化数据目录

#把用到的工具添加到/usr/bin目录
ln -s /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_multi /usr/bin/mysqld_multi
ln -s /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_install_db /usr/bin/mysql_install_db

#初始化四个数据目录
mysql_install_db --datadir=/usr/local/var/mysql1 --user=mysql
mysql_install_db --datadir=/usr/local/var/mysql2 --user=mysql
mysql_install_db --datadir=/usr/local/var/mysql3 --user=mysql
mysql_install_db --datadir=/usr/local/var/mysql4 --user=mysql

#修改属性
chown -R mysql /usr/local/var/mysql1 
chown -R mysql /usr/local/var/mysql2
chown -R mysql /usr/local/var/mysql3 
chown -R mysql /usr/local/var/mysql4 

 

5、配置多实例启动脚本

    从MySQL的源码中把复制到/etc/init.d/目录下

cp /usr/local/src/mysql-5.1.60/support-files/mysqld_multi.server /etc/init.d/mysqld_multi.server

#修改basedir和bindir为安装路径
basedir=/usr/local/mysql
bindir=/usr/local/mysql/bin

 

6、配置多实例数据库配置文件

     用mysqld_multi工具查看该配置文件的模板方法，命令为：mysqld_multi --example

     在/etc/目录下创建创建文件/etc/mysqld_multi.cnf，把mysqld_multi --example产生的文件粘进去，修改相应属性，如：mysqld,mysqladmin,socket,port,pid-file,datadir,user等。

[mysqld_multi]
mysqld     = /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe
mysqladmin = /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin
#user       = mysql
#password   = my_password

[mysqld1]
socket     = /usr/local/var/mysql1/mysql1.sock
port       = 3306
pid-file   = /usr/local/var/mysql1/mysql1.pid
datadir    = /usr/local/var/mysql1
#language   = /usr/local/mysql/share/mysql/english
user       = mysql

[mysqld2]
socket     = /usr/local/var/mysql2/mysql2.sock
port       = 3307
pid-file   = /usr/local/var/mysql2/mysql2.pid
datadir    = /usr/local/var/mysql2
#language   = /usr/local/mysql/share/mysql/english
user       = mysql

[mysqld3]
socket     = /usr/local/var/mysql3/mysql3.sock
port       = 3308
pid-file   = /usr/local/var/mysql3/mysql3.pid
datadir    = /usr/local/var/mysql3
#language   = /usr/local/mysql/share/mysql/english
user       = mysql

[mysqld4]
socket     = /usr/local/var/mysql4/mysql4.sock
port       = 3309
pid-file   = /usr/local/var/mysql4/mysql4.pid
datadir    = /usr/local/var/mysql4
#language   = /usr/local/mysql/share/mysql/english
user       = mysql

 注意：除了以上配置方法，还可以直接写到主配置文件中。如下：

    [root @localhost ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf 

  1 [mysqld]

  2 datadir=/var/lib/mysql

  3 socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock

  4 user=mysql

  5 # Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks

  6 symbolic-links=0

  7 #default-character-set=utf8

  8 #init_connect='SET NAMES utf8'

  9 server-id=1

 10 log-bin

 11 binlog-do-db=backup

 12 

 13 [mysqld_multi]

 14 

 15 [mysqld1]

 16 socket    = /var/lib/mysql1/mysql1.sock

 17 port      = 3307

 18 pid-file  = /var/lib/mysql1/mysql1.pid

 19 datadir   = /var/lib/mysql1

 20 user      = mysql

 21 

 22 [mysqld2]

 23 socket    = /var/lib/mysql2/mysql2.sock

 24 port      = 3308

 25 pid-file  = /var/lib/mysql2/mysql2.pid

 26 datadir   = /var/lib/mysql2

 27 user      = mysql

 28 

 29 [mysqld_safe]

 30 log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log

 31 pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid

 32 

 33 #[client]

 34 #default-character-set=utf8

~                               

7、启动多实例数据库

将/usr/local/mysql/bin加到$PATH环境变量里
export PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:$PATH

#查看数据库状态
mysqld_multi --defaults-extra-file=/etc/mysqld_multi.cnf report
#结果都为没有运行
Reporting MySQL servers
MySQL server from group: mysqld1 is not running
MySQL server from group: mysqld2 is not running
MySQL server from group: mysqld3 is not running
MySQL server from group: mysqld4 is not running

#启动
mysqld_multi --defaults-extra-file=/etc/mysqld_multi.cnf start
#结果为
Reporting MySQL servers
MySQL server from group: mysqld1 is not running
MySQL server from group: mysqld2 is not running
MySQL server from group: mysqld3 is not running
MySQL server from group: mysqld4 is not running

#启动具体某一个实例可在start、stop后面加上具体数据1,2,3等

 

8、查看运行结果

#查看相应端口是否已经被监听
netstat -tunlp

#查看是否有活动进程
ps -aux|grep mysql

 

9、登录相应数据库

#进入端口为3306的数据库
mysql -uroot -p -h127.0.0.1 -P3306

#通过sock文件登录
mysql -uroot -p -S /usr/local/var/mysql1/mysql1.sock

 #查看socket文件
mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'socket';

#查看pid文件
mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE '%pid%';