Android UncaughtExceptionHandler 进行appCrash处理
为了解决这样的问题，我们需要能够及时的捕获异常，但要捕获的地方是在太多，因此，我们需要进行全局性的异常捕获，那么如何捕获全局异常呢？
答案是UncaughtExceptionHandler+Thread.setDefaultUncaughtExceptionHandler
1.UncaughtExceptionHandler是未捕获异常的处理接口，该类率先捕获异常
UncaughtExceptionHandler： 线程未捕获异常控制器是用来处理未捕获异常的。 如果程序出现了未捕获异常默认情况下则会出现强行关闭对话框 实现该接口并注册为程序中的默认未捕获异常处理 这样当未捕获异常发生时，就可以做些异常处理操作 例如：收集异常信息，发送错误报告 等。
对于这个接口，我们需要进行实现
public class AppCrashHandler implements UncaughtExceptionHandler {
private Context mContext;
private Thread.UncaughtExceptionHandler mDefaultHandler;
/**防止多线程中的异常导致读写不同步问题的lock**/
private Lock lock = null;
/**本地保存文件日志**/
private final String CRASH_REPORTER_EXTENSION = ".crash";
/**日志tag**/
private final String STACK_TRACE = "logStackTrance";
/**保存文件名**/
private final String crash_pref_path ="app_crash_pref.xml";
private static final String OOM = "java.lang.OutOfMemoryError";
private static final String HPROF_FILE_PATH = Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory().getPath() + "/data_crash.hprof"
private AppCrashHandler()
{
lock = new ReentrantLock(true);
}
/**
* 获得单例对象
* @param context
* @return AppCrashHandler
*/
public static AppCrashHandler shareInstance(Context context){
AppCrashHandler crashhandler = AppCrashHandler.InstanceHolder.crashHandler;
crashhandler.initCrashHandler(context);
return crashhandler;
}
/**
* 使用初始化方法初始化，防止提前初始化或者重复初始化
* @param cxt
*/
private void initCrashHandler(Context cxt)
{
if(!hasInitilized()){
mDefaultHandler = Thread.getDefaultUncaughtExceptionHandler();
Thread.setDefaultUncaughtExceptionHandler(this);
mContext = cxt;
}
}
public interface InstanceHolder
{
public static AppCrashHandler crashHandler = new AppCrashHandler();
}
public static boolean isOOM(Throwable throwable){
Log.d(TAG, "getName:" + throwable.getClass().getName());
if(OOM.equals(throwable.getClass().getName())){
return true;
}else{
Throwable cause = throwable.getCause();
if(cause != null){
return isOOM(cause);
}
return false;
}
}
@Override
public void uncaughtException(Thread thread, Throwable ex) {
if(isOOM(throwable)){
try {
Debug.dumpHprofData(HPROF_FILE_PATH);
} catch (Exception e) {
Log.e(TAG, "couldn’t dump hprof", e);
}
}
if (!handleExceptionMessage(ex) && mDefaultHandler != null) {
// 如果用户没有处理则让系统默认的异常处理器来处理
mDefaultHandler.uncaughtException(thread, ex);
} else {
try {
Thread.sleep(3000);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
Log.e(STACK_TRACE, "Error : ", e);
}
android.os.Process.killProcess(android.os.Process.myPid());
System.exit(10);
}
}
/**
* 自定义错误处理,收集错误信息 发送错误报告等操作均在此完成. 开发者可以根据自己的情况来自定义异常处理逻辑
* @param ex
* @return true:如果处理了该异常信息;否则返回false
*/
private boolean handleExceptionMessage(Throwable ex)
{
if (ex == null)
{
return false;
}
// 使用Toast来显示异常信息
new Thread() {
@Override
public void run() {
// Toast 显示需要出现在一个线程的消息队列中
Looper.prepare();
Toast.makeText(mContext, "程序出错啦，即将退出", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
Looper.loop();
}
}.start();
String fileName = mContext.getPackageName()+"-"+"appCrash-Exception"+ CRASH_REPORTER_EXTENSION;
String crashFileName = saveExceptionToFile(ex,fileName);
SharedPreferences.Editor editor = mContext.getSharedPreferences(crash_pref_path , Context.MODE_PRIVATE).edit();
editor.putString(STACK_TRACE, crashFileName);
editor.commit();
Log.d(STACK_TRACE, "errorLogPath="+crashFileName);
return true;
}
/**
* 是否已初始化
* @return
*/
public boolean hasInitilized()
{
return mContext!=null;
}
/**
* 保存错误信息到文件中
* @param ex
* @return
* @throws IOException
*/
private String saveExceptionToFile(Throwable ex,String fileName)
{
File saveFile = null;
PrintWriter printWriter = null;
try {
lock.tryLock();
if(Environment.getExternalStorageState().equals(Environment.MEDIA_MOUNTED))
{
File sdCardDir = Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory();//获取SDCard目录
saveFile = new File(sdCardDir, fileName);
}else{
saveFile =new File(mContext.getFilesDir(),fileName);
}
if(!saveFile.exists())
{
saveFile.createNewFile();
}
printWriter = new PrintWriter(saveFile);
String result = formatException(ex);
printWriter.write(result);
printWriter.flush();
Log.e("CrashException", result);
}catch(Exception e){
e.printStackTrace();
} finally{
if(printWriter!=null)
{
printWriter.close();
}
lock.unlock();
}
return saveFile!=null?saveFile.getAbsolutePath():null;
}
/**
* 格式化异常信息
* @param e
* @return
*/
@SuppressLint("SimpleDateFormat")
private String formatException(Throwable e)
{
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
StackTraceElement[] stackTrace = e.getStackTrace();
SimpleDateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");
if (stackTrace!=null)
{
String timeStramp = sdf.format(new Date(System.currentTimeMillis()));
String format = String.format("DateTime:%s\nExceptionName:%s\n\n",timeStramp,e.getLocalizedMessage());
sb.append(format);
for (int i = 0; i < stackTrace.length; i++)
{
StackTraceElement traceElement = stackTrace[i];
String fileName = traceElement.getFileName();
int lineNumber = traceElement.getLineNumber();
String methodName = traceElement.getMethodName();
String className = traceElement.getClassName();
sb.append(String.format("%s\t%s[%d].%s \n",className,fileName,lineNumber,methodName));
}
sb.append(String.format("\n%s",e.getMessage()));
Writer stringWriter = new StringWriter();
PrintWriter pw = new PrintWriter(stringWriter);
e.printStackTrace(pw);
pw.flush();
pw.close();
sb.append("\n~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~\n");
sb.append(stringWriter.toString());
}
return sb.toString();
}
}
这里只保存了文件，一般来说，当app第二次启动时我们需要将该文件上传到网络，时间不是很充裕，这里上传暂时不贴代码了，时间充裕的话会及时补充，请保持关注吧
2.初始化，监听全局异常信息，这里需要继承Application,并替换系统默认的Application
public class BaseApplication extends Application
{
private static BaseApplication instance = null;
private AppCrashHandler appCrashHandler = null;
@Override
public void onCreate() {
synchronized (this)
{
if(instance==null)
{
instance = this;
}
appCrashHandler = AppCrashHandler.shareInstance(instance);
}
super.onCreate();
}
@Override
public void onConfigurationChanged(Configuration newConfig) {
super.onConfigurationChanged(newConfig);
}
}
修改清单文件
<application android:name="com.hali.luya.unitest.BaseApplication " android:hardwareAccelerated="true" android:icon="@drawable/app_logo" android:logo="@drawable/app_logo" android:label="@string/app_name" android:configChanges="locale|keyboard|screenSize" android:theme="@style/Theme.AppBaseTheme" > <!--- ..这里省略一大堆代码.. ----> </Application>
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~2014-12-20日更新~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
腾讯有一个bugly产品可以实现crash收集和处理，当然也可以同时使用UncaughtExceptionHandler，因为腾讯bugly虽然也实现了UncaughtExceptionHandler该回调，但腾讯bugly在捕获异常的同时也会调用你自己的UncaughtExceptionHandler。
目前腾讯的bugly不支持回调，但我申请到了腾讯的内测版支持回调。
public class BaseApplication extends Application
{
private static Application instance = null;
private AppCrashHandler appCrashHandler = null;
private final String APP_CONTEXT_TAG = "appContext";
@Override
public void onCreate() {
synchronized (this)
{
if(instance==null)
{
instance = this;
}
appCrashHandler = AppCrashHandler.shareInstance(instance);
UserStrategy strategy = new UserStrategy(instance); //App的策略Bean
strategy.setAppChannel(getPackageName()); //设置渠道
strategy.setAppVersion(getVersion()); //App的版本
strategy.setAppReportDelay(1000); //设置SDK处理延时，毫秒
strategy.setDeviceID(GlobalUtil.getInstance().getDeviceID(instance));
strategy.setCrashHandleCallback(new AppCrashHandleCallback());
CrashReport.initCrashReport(instance, "900001335", true, strategy); //自定义策略生效，必须在初始化SDK前调用
CrashReport. setUserId("BBDTEK");
}
//shutDownLog();
super.onCreate();
}
@Override
public void onConfigurationChanged(Configuration newConfig) {
super.onConfigurationChanged(newConfig);
}
/**
* 获取版本号
* @return 当前应用的版本号
*/
public String getVersion() {
try {
PackageManager manager = this.getPackageManager();
PackageInfo info = manager.getPackageInfo(this.getPackageName(), 0);
String version = info.versionName;
return this.getString(R.string.app_version) + version;
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
return this.getString(R.string.app_version);
}
}
private class AppCrashHandleCallback extends CrashHandleCallback //bugly回调
{
@Override
public synchronized Map<String, String> onCrashHandleStart(int crashType, String errorType, String errorMessage, String errorStack)
{
String crashTypeName = null;
switch (crashType)
{
case CrashHandleCallback.CRASHTYPE_JAVA_CATCH:
crashTypeName = "JAVA_CATCH";
break;
case CrashHandleCallback.CRASHTYPE_JAVA_CRASH:
crashTypeName = "JAVA_CRASH";
break;
case CrashHandleCallback.CRASHTYPE_NATIVE:
crashTypeName = "JAVA_NATIVE";
break;
case CrashHandleCallback.CRASHTYPE_U3D:
crashTypeName = "JAVA_U3D";
break;
default:
{
crashTypeName = "unknown";
}
}
Log.e(APP_CONTEXT_TAG, "Crash Happen Type:" + crashType + " TypeName:" + crashTypeName);
Log.e(APP_CONTEXT_TAG, "errorType:" + errorType);
Log.e(APP_CONTEXT_TAG, "errorMessage:" + errorMessage);
Log.e(APP_CONTEXT_TAG, "errorStack:" + errorStack);
Map<String, String> userDatas = super.onCrashHandleStart(crashType, errorType, errorMessage, errorStack);
if (userDatas == null)
{
userDatas = new HashMap<String, String>();
}
userDatas.put("DEBUG", "TRUE");
return userDatas;
}
}
/**
* 关闭重要信息的日志
*/
private void shutDownLog()
{
LogUtils.allowE = false;
LogUtils.allowI = false;
LogUtils.allowV = false;
LogUtils.allowW = false;
LogUtils.allowWtf = false;
LogUtils.allowD = false;
}
}
try doing it