读《WCF技术剖析》（卷一）笔记（一）

SOA的基本特性：

1.服务时自制的

2.依赖于开放的标准

3.支持跨平台

4.鼓励创建可组合的服务

5.鼓励服务的复用

6.强调松耦合

 

WCF是对现有Windows平台下分布式通信技术的整合。过去几年比较典型的分布式通信技术有COM/DCOM,Enterprise Service,.NET Remoting,XMLWeb服务,MSMQ等。

 

建立一个简单的WCF应用

 

用VS2008新建四个项目，Contracts,Services,Hosting,Client.

Contracts 类库项目

using System.ServiceModel;

namespace Danye.WcfServices.Contracts
{
    [ServiceContract(Name="CalculatorServices",Namespace="http://mywinxp.vicp.net")]
    public interface ICalculator
    {
        [OperationContract]
        double Add(double x, double y);

        [OperationContract]
        double Subtract(double x, double y);

        [OperationContract]
        double Multiply(double x, double y);

        [OperationContract]
        double Divide(double x, double y);
    }
}

Services类库项目

using Danye.WcfServices.Contracts;

namespace Danye.WcfServices.Services
{
    public class CalculatorServices: ICalculator
    {

        #region ICalculator 成员

        public double Add(double x, double y)
        {
            return x + y;
        }

        public double Subtract(double x, double y)
        {
            return x - y;
        }

        public double Multiply(double x, double y)
        {
            return x * y;
        }

        public double Divide(double x, double y)
        {
            return x / y;
        }

        #endregion



    }
}

Host类库项目

using System;
using System.ServiceModel;
using System.ServiceModel.Description;
using Danye.WcfServices.Contracts;
using Danye.WcfServices.Services;

namespace Danye.WcfServices.Hosting
{
    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            using (ServiceHost host = new ServiceHost(typeof(CalculatorServices)))
            {
                host.AddServiceEndpoint(typeof(ICalculator), new WSHttpBinding(), "http://127.0.0.1:9999/calculatorservice");
                if (host.Description.Behaviors.Find<ServiceMetadataBehavior>() == null)
                {
                    ServiceMetadataBehavior behavior = new ServiceMetadataBehavior();
                    behavior.HttpGetEnabled = true;
                    behavior.HttpGetUrl = new Uri("http://127.0.0.1:9999/calculatorservice/metadata");
                    host.Description.Behaviors.Add(behavior);
                }
                host.Opened += delegate
                {
                    Console.WriteLine("CalculatorService已经启动，按任意键终止服务!");
                };
                host.Open();
                Console.Read();
            }
        }
    }
}

 

上面是通过代码来host，很繁琐，通过配置工具来配置方便很多，打开vs2008

最后的File->另存为App.config  然后将此文件添加到Hosting中。

App.config代码

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<configuration>
    <system.serviceModel>
        <behaviors>
            <serviceBehaviors>
                <behavior name="metedataBehavior">
                    <serviceMetadata httpGetEnabled="true" httpGetUrl="http://127.0.0.1:9999/calculatorservice/metadata" />
                </behavior>
            </serviceBehaviors>
        </behaviors>
        <services>
            <service behaviorConfiguration="metedataBehavior" name="Danye.WcfServices.Services.CalculatorServices">
                <endpoint address="http://127.0.0.1:9999/calculatorservice" binding="basicHttpBinding"
                    bindingConfiguration="" contract="Danye.WcfServices.Contracts.ICalculator" />
            </service>
        </services>
    </system.serviceModel>
</configuration>

 

运行下

发现报错，提示

HTTP 无法注册 URL http://+:9999/calculatorservice/。进程不具有此命名空间的访问权限(有关详细信息，请参阅 http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkId=70353)。

这是因为win7或vista权限问题，用管理员模式打开vs2008即可

 

接下来创建Client控制台项目，首先需要引入服务，在引入服务时，host必须运行着。

Client端代码如下：

using System;
using Danye.WcfServices.Client.CalculatorServices;
namespace Danye.WcfServices.Client
{
    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            using (CalculatorServicesClient proxy = new CalculatorServicesClient())
            {
                Console.WriteLine("x+y={2}, when x={0} and y={1}", 1, 2, proxy.Add(1, 2));

                Console.WriteLine("x-y={2}, when x={0} and y={1}", 1, 2, proxy.Subtract(1, 2));

                Console.WriteLine("x*y={2}, when x={0} and y={1}", 1, 2, proxy.Multiply(1, 2));

                Console.WriteLine("x/y={2}, when x={0} and y={1}", 1, 2, proxy.Divide(1, 2));

                Console.Read();

            
            }
        }
    }
}

 

 

ok，上面是通过创建自动生成的，继承自ClientBase<T>的类型对象进行服务调用。

下面讲的是通过ChannelFactory<T>调用。

首先去除client的对服务的引用。右键删除。然后添加一个app.config配置文件，用wcf配置工具进行配置

保存即可

然后修改client端代码

using System;
using System.ServiceModel;
using Danye.WcfServices.Contracts;
namespace Danye.WcfServices.Client
{
    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            using (ChannelFactory<ICalculator> channelFactory=new ChannelFactory<ICalculator>("calculatorservice") )
            {
                ICalculator proxy = channelFactory.CreateChannel();

                Console.WriteLine("x+y={2}, when x={0} and y={1}", 1, 2, proxy.Add(1, 2));

                Console.WriteLine("x-y={2}, when x={0} and y={1}", 1, 2, proxy.Subtract(1, 2));

                Console.WriteLine("x*y={2}, when x={0} and y={1}", 1, 2, proxy.Multiply(1, 2));

                Console.WriteLine("x/y={2}, when x={0} and y={1}", 1, 2, proxy.Divide(1, 2));

                Console.Read();            
            }
        }
    }
}

ok  同样可以运行。

Finally,讲的是host在IIS中。

在host在iis中，我碰到了个问题，总是提示

The type 'Danye.WcfServices.Services.CalculatorService', provided as the Service attribute value in the ServiceHost directive could not be found.

究其原因，主要是没认真看书上写的，要把生成的目录设置为bin，因为asp.net最后编译好的代码都在bin目录里

web.config代码

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<configuration>
   <system.serviceModel>
        <behaviors>
            <serviceBehaviors>
                <behavior name="metadataBehavior">
                    <serviceMetadata httpGetEnabled="true" />
                </behavior>
            </serviceBehaviors>
        </behaviors>
        <services>
             <service behaviorConfiguration="metadataBehavior" name="Danye.WcfServices.Services.CalculatorService">
                  <endpoint binding="basicHttpBinding" contract="Danye.WcfServices.Contracts.ICalculator" />
             </service>
        </services>
    </system.serviceModel>
    <system.webServer>
        <directoryBrowse enabled="true" />
    </system.webServer>
</configuration>

CalculatorService.cs代码

using Danye.WcfServices.Contracts;
namespace Danye.WcfServices.Services
{
    public class CalculatorService: ICalculator
    {

        #region ICalculator 成员

        public double Add(double x, double y)
        {
            return x + y;
        }

        public double Subtract(double x, double y)
        {
            return x - y;
        }

        public double Multiply(double x, double y)
        {
            return x * y;
        }

        public double Divide(double x, double y)
        {
            return x / y;
        }

        #endregion



    }
}

CalculatorService.svc代码

%@ServiceHost Service="Danye.WcfServices.Services.CalculatorService"%

最后生成下就ok了

第一篇读书笔记完成了  ^_^~

下面是自我寄宿和通过iis寄宿的代码 http://files.cnblogs.com/danye/WcfServices_Self-Host.rar http://files.cnblogs.com/danye/WcfServices_IIS-Host.rar