Linux 和 SmartOS 命令对比
以下命令能帮助Linuxer 快速转为SmartOser.
| TASK / OS | Linux | SmartOS |
|---|---|---|
| table key | (rh) = Red Hat, Mandrake, SUSE,... (deb) = Debian, Libranet,... (fed) = Fedora (gen) = Gentoo (md) = Mandrake/Mandriva (SUSE) = SUSE |
Joyent SmartOS You can find an open source version at http://smartos.org |
| managing users | useradd usermod userdel adduser chage getent |
useradd userdel usermod getent logins /usr/sadm/bin/smuser groupadd |
| list hardware configuration | arch uname dmesg (if you're lucky) cat /var/log/dmesg /proc/* lshw dmidecode lspci lspnp lsscsi lsusb lsmod (SUSE) hwinfo /sys/devices/* |
prtconf -v arch -k psrinfo -v isainfo -v dmesg iostat -En prtfru cfgadm -l /etc/path_to_inst |
| read a disk label | fdisk -l | prtvtoc |
| label a disk | cfdisk fdisk e2label |
format prtvtoc |
| partition a disk | parted (if you have it) cfdisk fdisk pdisk (on a Mac) (deb) mac-fdisk (on a Mac)_ (md) _diskdrake |
format fmthard |
| kernel | /boot/vmlinuz* /boot/bootlx (see /etc/lilo.conf or /boot/grub/menu.lst) |
/kernel/genunix /platform/`uname -m`/ kernel/unix |
| show/set kernel parameters | /proc/* /proc/sys/* sysctl /etc/sysctl.conf |
sysdef getconf cat /etc/system ndd adb -k |
| loaded kernel modules | lsmod | modinfo |
| load module | modprobe insmod |
modload |
| unload module | rmmod modprobe -r |
modunload |
| startup scripts | /etc/rc* (but may vary) /etc/init.d/ |
/etc/rc* /etc/init.d/ svcadm svcs |
| start/ stop/ config services | (rh) _service (rh) _chkconfig (deb) _sysv-rc-conf |
svcs svcadm |
| shutdown (& power off if possible) | shutdown -Ph now shutdown -y -g0 -i0 halt poweroff |
shutdown -y -g0 -i5 |
| run levels *=normal states for more detail see www.phildev.net/runlevels.html |
(set in /etc/inittab) 0: halt s,S,1: vendor-dependent 1: single-user 2-5*: multiuser 6: reboot |
0: firmware monitor s,S: single-user 1: sys admin 2: multiuser 3*: share NFS 4*: user-defined 5: power-down if possible 6: reboot |
| show runlevel | /sbin/runlevel | who -r |
| time zone info | /usr/share/zoneinfo/ /etc/localtime |
/usr/share/lib/zoneinfo/ |
| check swap space | swapon -s cat /proc/meminfo cat /proc/swaps free |
swap -s swap -l |
| bind process to CPU | taskset (sched-utils) | pbind |
| "normal" filesystem | ext2 ext3 ReiserFS |
zfs (OpenSolaris) |
| file system description |
/etc/fstab | /etc/vfstab |
| create filesystem | mke2fs mkreiserfs mkdosfs mkfs |
zfs |
| file system debugging and recovery | fsck debugfs e2undel |
fsck fsdb clri |
| create non-0-length empty file | dd if=/dev/zero of=filename bs=1024k count=desired |
mkfile |
| create/mount ISO image | mkisofs mount -o loop pathToIso mountPoint |
mkisofs;DEVICE=`lofiadm -a /absolute_pathname/image.iso` ; mount -F hsfs -o ro $DEVICE |
| ACL management | getfacl setfacl |
getfacl setfacl |
| NFS share definitions | /etc/exports | /etc/dfs/dfstab dfshares |
| NFS share command | /etc/init.d/nfs-server reload_(rh)__ _exportfs -a | share shareall |
| NFS information | cat /proc/mounts | showmount nfsstat |
| name resolution order | /etc/nsswitch.conf /etc/resolv.conf |
/etc/nsswitch.conf getent |
| show network interface info | ifconfig ethtool |
dladm ndd ifconfig -a netstat -in dladm |
| change IP | Joyent Public Cloud IP addresses are set in the Cloud Management Portal. | Joyent Public Cloud IP addresses are set in the Cloud Management Portal. |
| ping one packet | ping -c 1 hostname | ping hostname packetsize 1 |
| sniff network | etherfind tcpdump wireshark (formerly _ethereal) etherape |
snoop |
| route definitions | route (rh) /etc/sysconfig/network (rh) /etc/sysconfig/static-routes (deb) /etc/init.d/network (deb) /etc/network |
/etc/defaultrouter /etc/notrouter /etc/gateways in.routed netstat -r route add |
| telnetd, ftpd banner | /etc/issue.net (telnet) (ftp varies; can use tcp wrappers) |
/etc/default/telnetd /etc/default/ftpd |
| set date/time (from net: ntp or other) |
ntpdate rdate netdate |
ntpdate rdate |
| auditing | auditd /var/log/faillog |
audit auditd auditreduce praudit |
| encrypted passwords in | /etc/shadow (may vary) | /etc/shadow |
| min password length | /etc/pam.d/system-auth | /etc/default/passwd |
| allow/deny root logins |
/etc/securetty | /etc/default/login |
| firewall config | iptables ipchains ipfwadm (rh) redhat-config- securitylevel |
/etc/ipf/ipf.conf |
| show installed software | (rh) _rpm -a -i (rh) _rpm -qa (rh) yum list installed (deb) dselect (deb) aptitude (deb) dpkg -l (gen) _ls /var/db/pkg/* (gen) _eix -I |
pkgin list |
| add software | (rh) _rpm -hiv (rh) yum install pkg (deb) dselect (deb) _apt-get install _pkg (deb) dpkg -i |
pkgin install |
| precompiled binaries* of GPLware and freeware* | www.linux.org linux.tucows.com sourceforge.net rpmfind.net (deb) ftp.debian.org (deb) packages.debian.org (gen) packages.gentoo.org (gen) gentoo-portage.com; (md) easyurpmi.zarb.org |
pkgsrc.joyent.com/sdc6/ www.sunfreeware.com www.blastwave.org |
| C compiler | cc gcc |
/opt/SUNWspro/ bin/cc |
| configure/show runtime linking |
ldconfig ldd lsmod |
crle ldd pldd modinfo LD_PRELOAD |
| link library path | $LD_LIBRARY_PATH /etc/ld.so.conf |
$LD_LIBRARY_PATH |
| tracing utility | strace ltrace |
truss sotruss dtrace |
| define user defaults | /etc/profile /etc/security/ /etc/skel/ /etc/profile.d/* |
/etc/default/login /etc/profile /etc/security/ |
| csh global .login | /etc/csh.login | /etc/.login |
| default syslog and messages | /var/log/syslog /var/log/messages /usr/adm/messages /var/log/maillog |
/var/adm/messages /var/log/syslog softpanorama.org/Logs/solaris_logs.shtml |
| system error reporting tool | dmesg_(deb)_ reportbug | prtdiag |
| performance monitoring | vmstat procinfo -D top htop pstree |
prstat sar ostat kstat mpstat netstat nfsstat trapstat vmstat ptree |
| match process to file or port | lsof netstat -atup |
fuser pfiles |
| Wikipedia | Linux | Illumos |