计算机应用实习报告

计算机应用实习报告

前言

我于<chsdate w:st="on" year="2005" month="8" day="29" islunardate="False" isrocdate="False"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt">2005</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">年</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt">8</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">月</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt">29</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">日</span></chsdate>至<chsdate w:st="on" year="2005" month="9" day="8" islunardate="False" isrocdate="False"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt">9</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">月</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt">8</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">日</span></chsdate>在进行了为期两个星期的实习。通过此次实习，我对自己的专业有了更全面、更深入的认识，看到了自己专业知识上的不足，同时也提高了自己的观察分析、交流沟通、组织协调等能力。

在实习中，我们参观了云南英茂通信股份有限公司、云南经济信息中心。通过参观这两家单位，使我了解到了单前计算机应用技术在卫星、数据库、网络通讯方面的应用。尤其是计算机在无线通讯、远程通讯的应用。计算机已经成为现代社会多元化的潮流，它已经深入到日常工作和生活的方方面面，象文字处理、信息管理、辅助设计、图形图像处理、教育培训以及游戏娱乐等。

本次实习，通过听讲座、听报告，我还了解到了数据仓库在企业的应用，同时加上对云南经济信息中心的参观，对数据仓库有了一定的了解。我是学计算机软件工程的，而且我给自己的发展定了目标，就是向数据库方向发展，因此数据仓库的应用对我尤其重要，通过本次实习，我了解到了首次了解、认识了数据仓库。

网络也是本次实习中的一个组成部分，在本次实习中，我们听了关于IP V4~IP V6的讲座，同时动手组装了局域网。

在实习的最后，我们还听了一个关于计算机综合的讲座，一个有关于项目开发与管理的讲座。

在当今软件开发中，决定项目成败的一个重要因素就是项目管理者的管理能力。“软件工程项目的管理是一项复杂而要求严格的活动”。这要求一个项目管理者需要具备较高的软件工程管理素质和能力。在项目管理的实际工作中，项目经理必须了解项目进度中隐含的逻辑以进行进度的规划；项目经理的主要职能不是技术性的，但却不能忽略技术的影响；他们的职能不是过程改善，但必须考虑过程的作用和生命周期。项目经理的职能不是软件质量保证或配置管理，但必须了解 SQA 、 SCM 和相关系统；他们不负责财务工作，但却需要时常关注成本，最后，项目经理还要执行人力资源管理的功能，与项目内外的人员沟通协调，领导和激励他的团队成员。

本实习报告共分为四部分，第一部分是参观报告，第二部分是计算机硬件及网络技术，第三部分是数据仓库及挖掘技术，，第四部分是总结报告。

第一部分　参观报告

参观云南英茂股份有限公司

云南英茂通信股份有限公司（英文名称Yinmore Telecommunication Technology Co.,Ltd.） 成立于一九九四年六月，是按照现代企业制度建立起来的股份制公司。英茂通信主营业务是以VSAT卫星通信平台为基础的数据和数字图象传输、因特网接入（ISP）、网络信息增值服务，以及与上述业务相关的网络运用软件的开发和制作；同时承接计算机局域网系统集成和弱电系统集成。该公司目前主要股东有云南烟草、云南英茂集团、四川长虹。公司主要的业务是：计算机应用系统集成 、VSAT卫星通信。

一、数据传输

英茂目前租用了亚太2，3号及鑫诺1号卫星。上行总带宽128K，下行最大<chmetcnv w:st="on" unitname="m" sourcevalue="50" hasspace="False" negative="False" numbertype="1" tcsc="0"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt">50M</span></chmetcnv>。通过卫星和地面站的数据传输达到亚太地区的数据广播业务。

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数据通过传输到YTT(英茂)主站，集中上传后，然后通过卫星传输。

二、远程教育

远程教育：因远程教育是一钟广播方式，因此利用卫星具有覆盖范围广的特点。

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[远程教育，广播模式]

三、DVB广播

通过YTT卫星网，可以实现远程会议、DVB数字广播。

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mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>远程办公室</span></p> </div> <![if !mso]></td> </tr> </table> <![endif]></v:textbox> </v:rect><v:rect id="_x0000_s1118" style='position:absolute;left:8841;top:9942; width:1619;height:468'> <v:textbox> <![if !mso]> <table cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0 width="100%"> <tr> <td><![endif]> <div> <p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>远程办公室</span></p> </div> <![if !mso]></td> </tr> </table> <![endif]></v:textbox> </v:rect><v:rect id="_x0000_s1119" style='position:absolute;left:8840;top:10566; width:1619;height:468'> <v:textbox> <![if !mso]> <table cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0 width="100%"> <tr> <td><![endif]> <div> <p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>远程办公室</span></p> </div> <![if !mso]></td> </tr> </table> <![endif]></v:textbox> </v:rect><v:line id="_x0000_s1120" style='position:absolute' from="7400,9630" to="8840,9630"> <v:stroke endarrow="block" /> </v:line><v:line id="_x0000_s1121" style='position:absolute' from="7400,9630" to="8840,10098"> <v:stroke endarrow="block" /> </v:line><v:line id="_x0000_s1122" style='position:absolute' from="7400,9630" to="8840,10722"> <v:stroke endarrow="block" /> </v:line><w:wrap type="none" /> <w:anchorlock /> </v:group><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><!--[endif]--><!--[if mso & !supportInlineShapes & supportFields]><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:14.0pt'><v:shape id="_x0000_i1027" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:414pt;height:163.8pt'> <v:imagedata croptop="-65520f" cropbottom="65520f" /> </v:shape><span style='mso-element:field-end'></span></span><![endif]--> DVB系统通常由4部分组成：播出控制中心、传输系统、用户接收机和用户管理系统。

四、YTT 在农业银行的数据备份应用

云南省农业银行，目前主要是用YTT的VAST 卫星业务作数据备份业务。

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width:1440;height:469'> <v:textbox> <![if !mso]> <table cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0 width="100%"> <tr> <td><![endif]> <div> <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>YTT</span><span style='font-family: 宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>主站</span></p> </div> <![if !mso]></td> </tr> </table> <![endif]></v:textbox> </v:rect><v:line id="_x0000_s1127" style='position:absolute' from="5966,5354" to="5967,5822"> <v:stroke endarrow="block" /> </v:line><v:oval id="_x0000_s1128" style='position:absolute;left:2441;top:4730; width:1620;height:624'> <v:textbox> <![if !mso]> <table cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0 width="100%"> <tr> <td><![endif]> <div> <p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>农行支行</span></p> </div> <![if !mso]></td> </tr> </table> <![endif]></v:textbox> </v:oval><v:oval id="_x0000_s1129" style='position:absolute;left:2441;top:5822; width:1618;height:624'> <v:textbox> <![if !mso]> <table cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0 width="100%"> <tr> <td><![endif]> <div> <p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>农行支行</span></p> </div> <![if !mso]></td> </tr> </table> <![endif]></v:textbox> </v:oval><v:oval id="_x0000_s1130" style='position:absolute;left:8021;top:4730; width:1619;height:624'> <v:textbox> <![if !mso]> <table cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0 width="100%"> <tr> <td><![endif]> <div> <p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>农行支行</span></p> </div> <![if !mso]></td> </tr> </table> <![endif]></v:textbox> </v:oval><v:oval id="_x0000_s1131" style='position:absolute;left:7841;top:5978; width:1619;height:624'> <v:textbox> <![if !mso]> <table cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0 width="100%"> <tr> <td><![endif]> <div> <p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>农行支行</span></p> </div> <![if !mso]></td> </tr> </table> <![endif]></v:textbox> </v:oval><v:line id="_x0000_s1132" style='position:absolute;flip:y' from="4061,4885" to="5321,5042"> <v:stroke endarrow="block" /> </v:line><v:line id="_x0000_s1133" style='position:absolute;flip:x y' from="6581,4885" to="8021,5042"> <v:stroke endarrow="block" /> </v:line><v:line id="_x0000_s1134" style='position:absolute;flip:y' from="4061,5042" to="5321,6133"> <v:stroke endarrow="block" /> </v:line><v:line id="_x0000_s1135" style='position:absolute;flip:x y' from="6581,5042" to="8021,6133"> <v:stroke endarrow="block" /> </v:line><v:shapetype id="_x0000_t22" coordsize="21600,21600" o:spt="22" adj="5400" path="m10800,qx0@1l0@2qy10800,21600,21600@2l21600@1qy10800,xem0@1qy10800@0,21600@1nfe"> <v:formulas> <v:f eqn="val #0" /> <v:f eqn="prod #0 1 2" /> <v:f eqn="sum height 0 @1" /> </v:formulas> <v:path o:extrusionok="f" gradientshapeok="t" o:connecttype="custom" o:connectlocs="10800,@0;10800,0;0,10800;10800,21600;21600,10800" o:connectangles="270,270,180,90,0" textboxrect="0,@0,21600,@2" /> <v:handles> <v:h position="center,#0" yrange="0,10800" /> </v:handles> <o:complex v:ext="view" /> </v:shapetype><v:shape id="_x0000_s1136" type="#_x0000_t22" style='position:absolute; left:5186;top:6602;width:1620;height:624'> <v:textbox> <![if !mso]> <table cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0 width="100%"> <tr> <td><![endif]> <div> <p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:10.5pt;mso-char-indent-count:1.0'><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"'>农行数据库</span></p> </div> <![if !mso]></td> </tr> </table> <![endif]></v:textbox> </v:shape><v:line id="_x0000_s1137" style='position:absolute' from="5981,6290" to="5982,6758"> <v:stroke endarrow="block" /> </v:line><w:wrap type="none" /> <w:anchorlock /> </v:group><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><!--[endif]--><!--[if mso & !supportInlineShapes & supportFields]><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:14.0pt'><v:shape id="_x0000_i1028" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:386.95pt;height:140.4pt'> <v:imagedata croptop="-65520f" cropbottom="65520f" /> </v:shape><span style='mso-element:field-end'></span></span><![endif]-->

各个支行、分行把数据发送到卫星上，再通过YTT把数据最终传输回农行的数据库，进行数据备份。由于采用卫星传输，当地面传输系统出问题时，仍然不影响农行的数据备份。

五、在烟草交易的应用

目前，云南省的烟草交易大都采用卫星数据交易。如图

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width:1260;height:467'> <v:textbox> <![if !mso]> <table cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0 width="100%"> <tr> <td><![endif]> <div> <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>YTT</span><span style='font-family: 宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>主站</span></p> </div> <![if !mso]></td> </tr> </table> <![endif]></v:textbox> </v:rect><v:rect id="_x0000_s1145" style='position:absolute;left:7940;top:1518; width:1260;height:468'> <v:textbox> <![if !mso]> <table cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0 width="100%"> <tr> <td><![endif]> <div> <p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:5.25pt;mso-char-indent-count:.5'><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"'>交易厅</span></p> </div> <![if !mso]></td> </tr> </table> <![endif]></v:textbox> </v:rect><v:rect id="_x0000_s1146" style='position:absolute;left:7940;top:2298; width:1260;height:468'> <v:textbox> <![if !mso]> <table cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0 width="100%"> <tr> <td><![endif]> <div> <p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:5.25pt;mso-char-indent-count:.5'><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"'>交易厅</span></p> </div> <![if !mso]></td> </tr> </table> <![endif]></v:textbox> </v:rect><v:rect id="_x0000_s1147" style='position:absolute;left:5600;top:1518; width:1260;height:468'> <v:textbox style='mso-next-textbox:#_x0000_s1147'> <![if !mso]> <table cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0 width="100%"> <tr> <td><![endif]> <div> <p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:5.25pt;mso-char-indent-count:.5'><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"'>交易厅</span></p> </div> <![if !mso]></td> </tr> </table> <![endif]></v:textbox> </v:rect><v:rect id="_x0000_s1148" style='position:absolute;left:7940;top:3234; width:1260;height:468'> <v:textbox> <![if !mso]> <table cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0 width="100%"> <tr> <td><![endif]> <div> <p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:5.25pt;mso-char-indent-count:.5'><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"'>交易厅</span></p> </div> <![if !mso]></td> </tr> </table> <![endif]></v:textbox> </v:rect><v:line id="_x0000_s1149" style='position:absolute' from="4340,1829" to="5780,2766"> <v:stroke endarrow="block" /> </v:line><v:line id="_x0000_s1150" style='position:absolute' from="4340,2766" to="5600,3077"> <v:stroke endarrow="block" /> </v:line><v:line id="_x0000_s1151" style='position:absolute;flip:y' from="4340,3390" to="5780,3702"> <v:stroke endarrow="block" /> </v:line><v:line id="_x0000_s1152" style='position:absolute;flip:x' from="6860,1829" to="7940,2766"> <v:stroke endarrow="block" /> </v:line><v:line id="_x0000_s1153" style='position:absolute;flip:x' from="7041,2610" to="7940,3077"> <v:stroke endarrow="block" /> </v:line><v:line id="_x0000_s1154" style='position:absolute;flip:x y' from="6860,3234" to="7940,3546"> <v:stroke endarrow="block" /> </v:line><v:rect id="_x0000_s1155" style='position:absolute;left:5240;top:4950; width:2340;height:469'> <v:textbox> <![if !mso]> <table cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0 width="100%"> <tr> <td><![endif]> <div> <p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>烟草交易中央服务器</span></p> </div> <![if !mso]></td> </tr> </table> <![endif]></v:textbox> </v:rect><v:line id="_x0000_s1156" style='position:absolute' from="6140,4482" to="6141,4950"> <v:stroke endarrow="block" /> </v:line><v:line id="_x0000_s1157" style='position:absolute;flip:y' from="6680,4482" to="6681,4950"> <v:stroke endarrow="block" /> </v:line><v:line id="_x0000_s1158" style='position:absolute' from="6140,3546" to="6141,4014"> <v:stroke endarrow="block" /> </v:line><v:line id="_x0000_s1159" style='position:absolute;flip:y' from="6680,3546" to="6681,4014"> <v:stroke endarrow="block" /> </v:line><v:line id="_x0000_s1160" style='position:absolute;flip:x y' from="4340,1674" to="5960,2610"> <v:stroke endarrow="block" /> </v:line><v:line id="_x0000_s1161" style='position:absolute;flip:y' from="6680,1674" to="7940,2610"> <v:stroke endarrow="block" /> </v:line><v:line id="_x0000_s1162" style='position:absolute;flip:y' from="7040,2454" to="7940,2922"> <v:stroke endarrow="block" /> </v:line><v:line id="_x0000_s1163" style='position:absolute' from="7040,3234" to="7940,3390"> <v:stroke endarrow="block" /> </v:line><v:line id="_x0000_s1164" style='position:absolute;flip:x' from="4340,3234" to="5600,3546"> <v:stroke endarrow="block" /> </v:line><v:line id="_x0000_s1165" style='position:absolute;flip:x y' from="4340,2610" to="5600,2922"> <v:stroke endarrow="block" /> </v:line><v:line id="_x0000_s1166" style='position:absolute' from="5960,1986" to="5961,2610"> <v:stroke endarrow="block" /> </v:line><v:line id="_x0000_s1167" style='position:absolute;flip:y' from="6680,1986" to="6681,2610"> <v:stroke endarrow="block" /> </v:line><w:wrap type="none" /> <w:anchorlock /> </v:group><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><!--[endif]--><!--[if mso & !supportInlineShapes & supportFields]><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:14.0pt'><v:shape id="_x0000_i1029" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:405pt;height:195.05pt'> <v:imagedata croptop="-65520f" cropbottom="65520f" /> </v:shape><span style='mso-element:field-end'></span></span><![endif]-->
六、Internet业务

英茂目前采用的Internet业务，主要是利用现有的卫星业务开展得增值服务，主要永远边远或通讯不发达的地区上网用。

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由图可知，YTT实际上，在Internet服务中，起的是一个传输和代理服务器的作用。

小结：

目前，虽然VSAT卫星业务的应用还很多，但是随着光纤通讯的发展，目前<chmetcnv w:st="on" unitname="m" sourcevalue="1000" hasspace="False" negative="False" numbertype="1" tcsc="0"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt">1000M</span></chmetcnv>的FDS网络已经成熟，而卫星业务的带宽有限，同时价格居高。因此，今后卫星业务可能会逐步萎缩。不过，卫星业务仍然不会消失，因为可以覆盖的地域是光纤通讯所不及的，同时，卫星可以进行广播通讯，而光纤有线通讯虽可以做到广播，但是无法做到卫星广播一样出色，因此VSAT仍然扮演一个重要角色，继续发展下去。

参观云南经济信息中心

云南经济信息中心成立于1963年，成就初主要是为了参与全国人口第二次普查，先后从国外进口了一系列计算机用于统计数据。

1963年成立，命名为“电子计算站”，采用“阿里托马”电动计算机。

1979年，进口了美国的小型机

1986年，进口了IBM 4381 大型机

现今采用惠普的７２１０　和 NE9000，从１９９９年开始投资１亿日元建设了云南经济信息网，以昆明－大理－版纳为中心，覆盖了省内３８县。信息网采用了数据仓库这一新技术，对全省的信息进行了采集与分析。云南经济信息中心为了数据的安全，共有３套网络，这３个网络在物理上、软件上都是隔离的。１个是国家的信息网络，第２个是与Internet向连的办公网络，第３个就是经济信息网络。由于国家的信息网络保密，因此我们无法得知更详细的信息。

云南经济信息中心，机房布局如下，它的设计很科学，做到了人机环境分离，２套空调系统分别为机器、工作人员提供供气。

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