项目目录结构图:
项目前需要用到的jar包
maven构建的项目下其pom.xml
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <groupId>com.royal</groupId> <artifactId>springMVCDemo</artifactId> <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> <packaging>jar</packaging> <name>springMVCDemo</name> <url>http://maven.apache.org</url> <properties> <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding> </properties> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>junit</groupId> <artifactId>junit</artifactId> <version>3.8.1</version> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> <!-- 需要用到的jar --> <dependency> <groupId>commons-logging</groupId> <artifactId>commons-logging</artifactId> <version>1.1.1</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId> <version>3.1.0.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-asm</artifactId> <version>3.1.0.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-aspects</artifactId> <version>3.1.0.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId> <version>3.1.0.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId> <version>3.1.0.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId> <version>3.1.0.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId> <version>3.1.0.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-expression</artifactId> <version>3.1.0.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-instrument</artifactId> <version>3.1.0.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId> <version>3.1.0.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-jms</artifactId> <version>3.1.0.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-orm</artifactId> <version>3.1.0.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-oxm</artifactId> <version>3.1.0.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId> <version>3.1.0.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId> <version>3.1.0.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId> <version>3.1.0.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId> <version>3.1.0.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-webmvc-portlet</artifactId> <version>3.1.0.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.tomcat</groupId> <artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId> <version>6.0.35</version> </dependency> </dependencies> </project>
OK,需要的差不多就这样搭建吧。
下面开始核心demo。
建立web.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <web-app version="2.5" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"> <servlet> <servlet-name>mvc-dispatcher</servlet-name> <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class> <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup> <init-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value>/WEB-INF/spring-mvc.xml</param-value> </init-param> </servlet> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>mvc-dispatcher</servlet-name> <url-pattern>/</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> <welcome-file-list> <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file> </welcome-file-list> <!-- <init-param>给DispatcherServlet指定了配置文件的路径,如果不配置<init-param>,默认路径是"/WEB-INF/+<servlet-name>+'-servlet.xml'" --> </web-app>
建立spring-mvc.xml
<beans xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xsi:schemaLocation=" http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd" > <!-- 第一个<bean>在spring 中配置了DemoController,name="/demo"的意思是, 我可以使用"http://localhost:8080/springMVCDemo/demo"来调用DemoController。 --> <bean name="/demo" class="com.royal.controller.DemoController" /> <!-- 第二个<bean>定义了视图处理器,在以上的配置完成以后, 我只需要在Controller类的方法里返回new ModelAndView("xxxx"), spring 就会自动在"xxxx"前后加入前缀和后缀作为查找视图层文件的路径, 也就是"/jsp/pages/xxxx.jsp" --> <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver" > <property name="prefix" value="/jsp/pages/"/> <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/> </bean> </beans>
DemoController.java
package com.royal.controller; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse; import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView; import org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.AbstractController; public class DemoController extends AbstractController { /** * AbstractController是springmvc控制器抽象类, * 我们自定义的控制器只要继承这个抽象类并实现handleRequestInternal()方法就可以实现最基本的处理和跳转了。 * 在spring3版本之前,继承AbstractController是要实现handleRequest()方法的, spring3以后, * 在AbstractController的handleRequest()方法中调用了handleRequestInternal(), * 改为由开发者自己实现handleRequestInternal()。 * * ModelAndView 是代表视图层和模型层的类,在我们的项目中一般就是指jsp文件。 */ @Override protected ModelAndView handleRequestInternal(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception { //查找页面路径为/jsp/pages/demo.jsp,该路径看spring-mvc.xml文件定义 return new ModelAndView("demo"); } }
然后别忘了放2个简单的jsp文件---index.jsp、demo.jsp.注意路径!
部署并运行服务器。
运行结果:
index.jsp 主页面
demo.jsp页面
我们还可以简化spring-mvc.xml这个配置文件,抽出Controller Bean.
第二种方法:
另新建 Demo2Controller.java
package com.royal.controller; import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; @Controller public class Demo2Controller { @RequestMapping("/welcome") public String helloWorld(){ return "hello"; } }
接着在spring-mvc.xml中加一句 <context:component-scan base-package="com.royal.controller"/>。表示去com.royal.controller包下(包括子包)查找所有的@controller
spring-mvc.xml
<beans xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xsi:schemaLocation=" http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd" > <context:component-scan base-package="com.royal.controller"/> <!-- 第一个<bean>在spring 中配置了DemoController,name="/demo"的意思是, 我可以使用"http://localhost:8080/springMVCDemo/demo"来调用DemoController。 --> <bean name="/demo" class="com.royal.controller.DemoController" /> <!-- 第二个<bean>定义了视图处理器,在以上的配置完成以后, 我只需要在Controller类的方法里返回new ModelAndView("xxxx"), spring 就会自动在"xxxx"前后加入前缀和后缀作为查找视图层文件的路径, 也就是"/jsp/pages/xxxx.jsp" --> <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver" > <property name="prefix" value="/jsp/pages/"/> <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/> </bean> </beans>
最后在放一个hello.jsp文件 做测试看效果。
运行结果:
参考:http://www.cnblogs.com/zhangliang0115/archive/2012/02/22/2362463.html