Linux VPS新硬盘分区与挂载教程

通过fdisk -l我们可以看到/dev/xvdb(此名称因系统而异)容量有23.6G，而且没有分区，接下来我们对它进行分区和挂载，(按照如下方式挂载，重装系统不丢失挂载分区硬盘的数据)

注： 挂载硬盘过程请按照下面代码“蓝色”标记复制执行既可，不同Linux系统，只需途径名称修改对应系统名称。

1. fdisk -l

[root@MyVPS ~]# fdisk -l
Disk /dev/xvda: 8589 MB, 8589934592 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1044 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
    Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/xvda1   *           1          13      104391   83  Linux
/dev/xvda2              14        1044     8281507+  8e  Linux LVM

Disk /dev/xvdb: 23.6 GB, 23622320128 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2871 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System

对/dev/xvdb(此名称因系统而异)进行分区：

1. fdisk /dev/xvdb

[root@MyVPS ~]# fdisk /dev/xvdb
The number of cylinders for this disk is set to 2871.
There is nothing wrong with that, but this is larger than 1024,
and could in certain setups cause problems with:
1) software that runs at boot time (e.g., old versions of LILO)
2) booting and partitioning software from other OSs
   (e.g., DOS FDISK, OS/2 FDISK)

输入n新建分区
Command (m for help): n
Command action
   e   extended
   p   primary partition (1-4)
p

/dev/xvdb中第1个分区
Partition number (1-4): 1  （输入1后请连续按回车键 Enter/2次）
First cylinder (1-2871, default 1):
Using default value 1
Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (1-2871, default 2871):
Using default value 2871

输入W保存退出
Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered!
Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.

将新分区xvdb1(此名称因系统而异)格式化为ext3格式

1. mkfs -t ext3 /dev/xvdb1

[root@MyVPS ~]# mkfs -t ext3 /dev/xvdb1
mke2fs 1.39 (29-May-2006)
Filesystem label=
OS type: Linux
Block size=4096 (log=2)
Fragment size=4096 (log=2)
2883584 inodes, 5765319 blocks
288265 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
First data block=0
Maximum filesystem blocks=4294967296
176 block groups
32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group
16384 inodes per group
Superblock backups stored on blocks:
        32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632, 2654208,
        4096000
Writing inode tables: done
Creating journal (32768 blocks): done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
This filesystem will be automatically checked every 24 mounts or
180 days, whichever comes first.  Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.

我们示范将新分区xvdb1挂载到目录/home1
新建目录/home1，然后挂载

1. mkdir /home1

2. mount /dev/xvdb1 /home1

完成后我们通过df -hal可以看到，新分区已经挂载到目录/home1上了

[root@MyVPS ~]# df -hal
Filesystem            Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/VolGroup00-LogVol00
                      5.7G  1.4G  4.1G  25% /
proc                     0     0     0   -  /proc
sysfs                    0     0     0   -  /sys
devpts                   0     0     0   -  /dev/pts
/dev/xvda1             99M   28M   67M  30% /boot
tmpfs                 256M     0  256M   0% /dev/shm
none                     0     0     0   -  /proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc
sunrpc                   0     0     0   -  /var/lib/nfs/rpc_pipefs
/dev/xvdb1             22G  173M   21G   1% /home1

最后添加开机自动挂载：

1. echo "/dev/xvdb1 /home1 ext3 defaults 1 2" >> /etc/fstab