Spring MVC框架
1.Spring MVC框架
1)Spring MVC的体系结构
Spring MVC主要构成组件如下：
DispatcherServlet-->Filter
Controller-->Action
HandlerMapping-->ActionMapping
ModelAndView-->ValueStack
ViewResolver-->Result
springmvc标签库-->struts标签库
2)Spring MVC的处理流程
a.浏览器发出spring mvc请求,
请求交给前端控制器DispatcherServlet
b.前段控制器调用HandlerMapping
组件，根据请求和Controller映射信息
找到相应的Controller组件处理请求
c.Controller组件可以调用DAO等
组件完成数据库操作。Controller处理
完毕后，会返回一个ModelAndView对象
结果.
d.控制器接收ModelAndView之后，
调用ViewResolver组件，定位View
传递Model信息，生成响应内容.
3)Spring MVC基本应用
hello.form-->HelloController
-->hello.jsp
a.首先引入Spring IOC和webMVC开发包
b.引入src/applicationContext.xml配置
c.在web.xml中配置DispatcherServlet控制器
d.编写HelloController,实现Controller
e.在applicationContext.xml中
定义Controller组件
定义HandlerMapping组件
定义ViewResolver组件
toLogin.form-->ToLoginController
-->login.jsp
login.form-->LoginController
-->成功进入hello.jsp
错误返回login.jsp
Springmvc实例代码实现
配置前端控制器--------------------------------------------
web.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <web-app version="2.5" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"> <!--配置前端控制器 DispathcherServlet--> <servlet> <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name> <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class> <!--指定Spring容器的位置--> <init-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value> </init-param> </servlet> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name> <url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> <welcome-file-list> <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file> </welcome-file-list> </web-app>
Spring主配置文件-------------------------------------------
applicationContext.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:jee="http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee" xsi:schemaLocation=" http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.5.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee/spring-jee-2.5.xsd"> <!--开启扫描技术--> <context:component-scan base-package="com.tarena"/> <!-- 定义请求处理映射HandlerMapping,直接在Controller组件方法前使用注解@RequestMapping指定请求 --> <bean id="handlerMapping" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter"> </bean> <!-- 定义视图解析器ViewResolver --> <bean id="viewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"> <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"> </property> <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"> </property> </bean> </beans>
实体类------------------------------
package com.tarena.entity;
public class User {
private String username;
private String password;
public String getUsername() {
return username;
}
public void setUsername(String username) {
this.username = username;
}
public String getPassword() {
return password;
}
public void setPassword(String password) {
this.password = password;
}
}
Controller控制----------------------------------
package com.tarena.action;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Scope;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
@Controller
@Scope("prototype")
public class ToLoginController {
@RequestMapping("/toLogin.do")
public String execute(){
return "login";
}
}
package com.tarena.action;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Scope;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import com.tarena.entity.User;
@Controller
@Scope("prototype")
public class LoginController {
@RequestMapping("/login.do")
public String execute(User user,Model m){
String username = user.getUsername();
String password = user.getPassword();
System.out.println(username );
if("kitty".equals(username)&&"123".equals(password)){
m.addAttribute("msg", username);
return "hello";
}
m.addAttribute("error","输入不正确");
return "login<welcome-file>/index.do</welcome-file>
</welcome-file-list>
</web-app>
springMVC对ibatis，hibernate，aop，缓存等的配置
web.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:web="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="3.0"> <display-name>springmvc3</display-name> <servlet> <servlet-name>dispatcher</servlet-name> <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class> <init-param> <description>指定配置文件路径</description> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value>/WEB-INF/applicationContext.xml</param-value> </init-param> <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup> </servlet> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>dispatcher</servlet-name> <url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> <filter> <filter-name>encoding-filter</filter-name> <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class> <init-param> <param-name>encoding</param-name> <param-value>UTF-8</param-value> </init-param> <init-param> <param-name>forceEncoding</param-name> <param-value>true</param-value> </init-param> </filter> <filter-mapping> <filter-name>encoding-filter</filter-name> <url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern> </filter-mapping> <error-page> <error-code>400</error-code> <location>/error.jsp</location> </error-page> <error-page> <error-code>404</error-code> <location>/error.jsp</location> </error-page> <error-page> <exception-type>java.lang.Exception</exception-type> <location>/error.jsp</location> </error-page> <welcome-file-list> <welcome-file>/index.do</welcome-file> </welcome-file-list> </web-app>
applicationContext.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xmlns:ehcache="http://ehcache-spring-annotations.googlecode.com/svn/schema/ehcache-spring" xsi:schemaLocation=" http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop classpath:/org/springframework/aop/config/spring-aop-3.2.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans classpath:/org/springframework/beans/factory/xml/spring-beans-3.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context classpath:/org/springframework/context/config/spring-context-3.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc classpath:/org/springframework/web/servlet/config/spring-mvc-3.2.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx classpath:/org/springframework/transaction/config/spring-tx-3.0.xsd http://ehcache-spring-annotations.googlecode.com/svn/schema/ehcache-spring classpath:/com/googlecode/ehcache/annotations/ehcache-spring-1.1.xsd "> <!-- ===================================== 视图配置 ===================================== --> <bean id="viewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"> <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"/> <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/> </bean> <!-- ===================================== 注解驱动的配置 ===================================== --> <!-- <mvc:annotation-driven /> --> <context:component-scan base-package="com.gdie.forum" /> <!-- ===================================== 数据源和事务管理 ===================================== --> <bean id="dataSource" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource"> <property name="driverClassName" value="dm.jdbc.driver.DmDriver" /> <property name="url" value="jdbc:dm://192.168.20.65:5236" /> <property name="username" value="user" /> <property name="password" value="user" /> </bean> <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager"> <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" /> </bean> <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager" proxy-target-class="true" /> <!--使用方式：在需要进行事务管理的方法上添加@Transactional(rollbackFor = Exception.class)--> <!-- ===================================== mybatis ===================================== --> <bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean"> <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" /> <!--property name="configLocation" value="/WEB-INF/Mybatis-Configuration.xml" /--> <property name="mapperLocations"> <list> <value>classpath:com/gdie/forum/dataaccess/mybatis/dm/*.xml</value> </list> </property> </bean> <bean id="sqlSession" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionTemplate"> <constructor-arg index="0" ref="sqlSessionFactory" /> </bean> <!-- ===================================== AOP设置 ===================================== > <aop:config> <aop:aspect id="logAOP" ref="logAop"> <aop:pointcut expression="execution(* com.gdie.mvcdemo.controllers.*.*(..))" id="target"/> <aop:before method="methodTrace" pointcut-ref="target"/> <aop:around method="timeCost" pointcut-ref="target"/> </aop:aspect> </aop:config--> <!-- ===================================== 拦截器 ===================================== --> <mvc:interceptors> <mvc:interceptor> <mvc:mapping path="/forum/*.do" /> <mvc:mapping path="/thread/*.do"/> <mvc:mapping path="/index.do"/> <bean class="com.gdie.forum.interceptors.LoginInterceptor" /> </mvc:interceptor> </mvc:interceptors> <!-- ===================================== cache设置 ===================================== --> <ehcache:annotation-driven /> <ehcache:config cache-manager="cacheManager"> <ehcache:evict-expired-elements interval="60" /> </ehcache:config> <bean id="cacheManager" class="org.springframework.cache.ehcache.EhCacheManagerFactoryBean"> <property name="configLocation" value="/WEB-INF/ehcache.xml" /> </bean> <!--使用方式：在得到需要缓存数据的方法上：@Cacheable(cacheName=Const.FORUM_CACHE) 在进行添加、删除、更新时，需要删除缓存，否则显示的结果没有变化 @TriggersRemove(cacheName=Const.FORUM_CACHE, removeAll=true) 其中Const.FORUM_CACHE在缓存配置文件ehcache.xml中配置 Const为自定义的存放静态变量的类 --> <!-- ===================================== Hibernate设置 ===================================== --> <!-- 定义Hibernate的SessionFactory --> <bean id="sessionFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean"> <property name="dataSource"> <ref local="dataSource" /> </property> <property name="mappingDirectoryLocations"> <list> <value>classpath:com/lzw/model</value> </list> </property> <property name="hibernateProperties"> <props> <prop key="hibernate.dialect"> org.hibernate.dialect.SQLServerDialect </prop> <prop key="hibernate.show_sql">true</prop> </props> </property> </bean> <!-- 定义Hibernate的事务管理器 --> <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager"> <property name="sessionFactory"> <ref local="sessionFactory" /> </property> </bean> <!--定义一个事物通知txAdvice，配置事物的传播特性--> <tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="transactionManager"> <tx:attributes> <!--所有以browse\list\load\get\is开头的业务逻辑方法均不需要事物控制且只读--> <tx:method name="browse*" propagation="NOT_SUPPORTED" read-only="true"/> <tx:method name="list*" propagation="NOT_SUPPORTED" read-only="true"/> <tx:method name="load*" propagation="NOT_SUPPORTED" read-only="true"/> <tx:method name="get*" propagation="NOT_SUPPORTED" read-only="true"/> <tx:method name="is*" propagation="NOT_SUPPORTED" read-only="true"/> <!--设置所有方法均进行事物控制，如果当前没有事物，则新建一个事物--> <tx:method name="*" propagation="REQUIRED"/> </tx:attributes> </tx:advice> <!--基于AOP技术的事物管理实现--> <aop:config> <!--定义一个事务切入点，拦截com.company.service.impl包中所有类的所有方法--> <aop:pointcut id="transactionPointcut" expression="execution(* com.company.service.impl.*.*(..))"/> <!--引用txAdvice事务通知--> <aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice" pointcut-ref="transactionPointcut"/> </aop:config> </beans>
ehcache.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <ehcache xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:noNamespaceSchemaLocation="ehcache.xsd" updateCheck="true" monitoring="autodetect" dynamicConfig="true"> <diskStore path="java.io.tmpdir"/> <transactionManagerLookup class="net.sf.ehcache.transaction.manager.DefaultTransactionManagerLookup" properties="jndiName=java:/TransactionManager" propertySeparator=";"/> <cacheManagerEventListenerFactory class="" properties=""/> <cacheManagerPeerProviderFactory class="net.sf.ehcache.distribution.RMICacheManagerPeerProviderFactory" properties="peerDiscovery=automatic, multicastGroupAddress=230.0.0.1, multicastGroupPort=4446, timeToLive=1" propertySeparator="," /> <cacheManagerPeerListenerFactory class="net.sf.ehcache.distribution.RMICacheManagerPeerListenerFactory"/> <defaultCache maxElementsInMemory="10000" eternal="false" timeToIdleSeconds="120" timeToLiveSeconds="120" overflowToDisk="true" diskSpoolBufferSizeMB="30" maxElementsOnDisk="10000000" diskPersistent="false" diskExpiryThreadIntervalSeconds="120" memoryStoreEvictionPolicy="LRU" statistics="false" /> <cache name="forumCache" maxElementsInMemory="10000" eternal="false" timeToIdleSeconds="120" timeToLiveSeconds="120" overflowToDisk="true" diskSpoolBufferSizeMB="30" maxElementsOnDisk="10000000" diskPersistent="false" diskExpiryThreadIntervalSeconds="120" memoryStoreEvictionPolicy="LRU" statistics="false" /> <cacheEventListenerFactory class="net.sf.ehcache.distribution.RMICacheReplicatorFactory"/> <bootstrapCacheLoaderFactory class="net.sf.ehcache.distribution.RMIBootstrapCacheLoaderFactory"/> </cache> </ehcache>