map&reduce

def f(x):
...     return x * x
...
>>> map(f, [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9])
[1, 4, 9, 16, 25, 36, 49, 64, 81]
 
 

 
 

reduce的用法:reduce把一个函数作用在一个序列[x1, x2, x3...]上,这个函数必须接收两个参数,reduce把结果继续和序列的下一个元素做累积计算,其效果就是:

reduce(f, [x1, x2, x3, x4]) = f(f(f(x1, x2), x3), x4)
>>> def add(x, y):
...     return x + y
...
>>> reduce(add, [1, 3, 5, 7, 9])
25
def str2int(s):
    def fn(x, y):
        return x * 10 + y
    def char2num(s):
        return {'0': 0, '1': 1, '2': 2, '3': 3, '4': 4, '5': 5, '6': 6, '7': 7, '8': 8, '9': 9}[s]
    return reduce(fn, map(char2num, s))

还可以用lambda函数进一步简化成:

def char2num(s):
    return {'0': 0, '1': 1, '2': 2, '3': 3, '4': 4, '5': 5, '6': 6, '7': 7, '8': 8, '9': 9}[s]

def str2int(s):
    return reduce(lambda x,y: x*10+y, map(char2num, s))

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