Joins

Joins

The join method allows one thread to wait for the completion of another. If t is a Thread object whose thread is currently executing,

t.join();

causes the current thread to pause execution until t's thread terminates. Overloads of join allow the programmer to specify a waiting period. However, as with sleep, join is dependent on the OS for timing, so you should not assume thatjoin will wait exactly as long as you specify.    将会使当前线程暂停执行并等待t执行完成。重载的join()方法可以让开发者自定义等待周期。然而，和sleep()方法一样join()方法依赖于操作系统的时间处理机制，你不能假定join()方法将会精确的等待你所定义的时长。

Like sleep, join responds to an interrupt by exiting with an InterruptedException.  如同sleep()方法，join()方法响应中断并在中断时抛出InterruptedException。

The SimpleThreads Example

一个简单的线程例子 

The following example brings together some of the concepts of this section. SimpleThreads consists of two threads. The first is the main thread that every Java application has. The main thread creates a new thread from the Runnable object,MessageLoop, and waits for it to finish. If the MessageLoop thread takes too long to finish, the main thread interrupts it.  下面这个简单的例子将会把这一节的一些概念放到一起演示。SimpleThreads程序有两个线程组成，第一个是主线程，它从创建了一个线程并等待它执行完成。如果MessageLoop线程执行了太长时间，主线程将会将其中断。

The MessageLoop thread prints out a series of messages. If interrupted before it has printed all its messages, the MessageLoop thread prints a message and exits.  MessageLoop线程将会打印一系列的信息。如果中断在它打印完所有信息前发生，它将会打印一个特定的消息并退出。 

public class SimpleThreads {

    // Display a message, preceded by
    // the name of the current thread
    static void threadMessage(String message) {
        String threadName =
            Thread.currentThread().getName();
        System.out.format("%s: %s%n",
                          threadName,
                          message);
    }

    private static class MessageLoop
        implements Runnable {
        public void run() {
            String importantInfo[] = {
                "Mares eat oats",
                "Does eat oats",
                "Little lambs eat ivy",
                "A kid will eat ivy too"
            };
            try {
                for (int i = 0;
                     i < importantInfo.length;
                     i++) {
                    // Pause for 4 seconds
                    Thread.sleep(4000);
                    // Print a message
                    threadMessage(importantInfo[i]);
                }
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                threadMessage("I wasn't done!");
            }
        }
    }

    public static void main(String args[])
        throws InterruptedException {

        // Delay, in milliseconds before
        // we interrupt MessageLoop
        // thread (default one hour).
        long patience = 1000 * 60 * 60;

        // If command line argument
        // present, gives patience
        // in seconds.
        if (args.length > 0) {
            try {
                patience = Long.parseLong(args[0]) * 1000;
            } catch (NumberFormatException e) {
                System.err.println("Argument must be an integer.");
                System.exit(1);
            }
        }

        threadMessage("Starting MessageLoop thread");
        long startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
        Thread t = new Thread(new MessageLoop());
        t.start();

        threadMessage("Waiting for MessageLoop thread to finish");
        // loop until MessageLoop
        // thread exits
        while (t.isAlive()) {
            threadMessage("Still waiting...");
            // Wait maximum of 1 second
            // for MessageLoop thread
            // to finish.
            t.join(1000);
            if (((System.currentTimeMillis() - startTime) > patience)
                  && t.isAlive()) {
                threadMessage("Tired of waiting!");
                t.interrupt();
                // Shouldn't be long now
                // -- wait indefinitely
                t.join();
            }
        }
        threadMessage("Finally!");
    }
}