不连续网络配置及其解决方案
配置RIPV1
R1基本配置
Router>enable
Router#conf t
Router(config)#host r1
R1(config)#int s2/1
R1(config-if)#ip add 12.1.1 .1 255.255.255.0
R1(config-if)#no shut
R1(config-if)#exit
R1(config)#int f0/0
R1(config)#ip add 172.16.10.1 255.255.255.0
R1(config)#no shut
R2
基本配置
Router>enable
Router#conf t
Router(config)#int s2/1
Router(config-if)#ip add 12.1.1 .2 255.255.255.0
Router(config-if)#no shut
Router(config-if)#exit
Router(config)#int f0/0
Router(config-if)#ip add 172.16.20.1 255.255.255.0
Router(config-if)#no shut
配置
RIPV1
R1
配置
rip
R1
（
config
）
#router rip
R1
（
config-route
）
#net 12.0.0 .0
R1
（
config-route
）
#net 172.16.10.0
R2
配置
rip
R2
（
config
）
#router rip
R2
（
config-route
）
#net 12.0.0 .0
R2
（
config-route
）
#net 172.16.20.0
检测网络
R1#ping 172.16.20.1
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 172.16.20.1, timeout is 2 seconds:
.....
Success rate is 0 percent (0/1)
R1#show ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF , IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route
Gateway of last resort is not set
172.16.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 172.16.10.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
12.0.0 .0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 12.1.1 .0 is directly connected, Serial2/1
r2#show ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF , IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route
Gateway of last resort is not set
172.16.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 172.16.20.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
12.0.0 .0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 12.1.1 .0 is directly connected, Serial2/1
r2#show ip pro
Routing Protocol is "rip"
Sending updates every 30 seconds, next due in 1 seconds
Invalid after 180 seconds, hold down 180, flushed after 240
Outgoing update filter list for all interfaces is not set
Incoming update filter list for all interfaces is not set
Redistributing: rip
Default version control: send version 1, receive any version
Interface Send Recv Triggered RIP Key-chain
FastEthernet0/0 1 1 2
Serial2/1 1 1 2
Automatic network summarization is in effect
Maximum path: 4
Routing for Networks:
12.0.0 .0
172.16.0.0
Routing Information Sources:
Gateway Distance Last Update
12.1.1 .1 120 00:00:24
Distance: (default is 120)
这就是不连续网络造成的下来我们用不同方法来解决，让它可以
ping
通。
方法
1
配置
ripv2
借助
ripv2
的特性支持不连续网络，支持可变长子网
R1(config)#router rip
R1(config-router)#version 2
R2(config)#router rip
R2(config-router)#version 2
r1#show ip pro //
注意查看变化
Routing Protocol is "rip"
Sending updates every 30 seconds, next due in 15 seconds
Invalid after 180 seconds, hold down 180, flushed after 240
Outgoing update filter list for all interfaces is not set
Incoming update filter list for all interfaces is not set
Redistributing: rip
Default version control: send version 2, receive version 2
Interface Send Recv Triggered RIP Key-chain
FastEthernet0/0 2 2
Serial2/1 2 2
Automatic network summarization is in effect
Maximum path: 4
Routing for Networks:
12.0.0 .0
172.16.0.0
Routing Information Sources:
Gateway Distance Last Update
12.1.1 .2 120 00:00:02
Distance: (default is 120)
r2#show ip pro
Routing Protocol is "rip"
Sending updates every 30 seconds, next due in 10 seconds
Invalid after 180 seconds, hold down 180, flushed after 240
Outgoing update filter list for all interfaces is not set
Incoming update filter list for all interfaces is not set
Redistributing: rip
Default version control: send version 2, receive version 2
Interface Send Recv Triggered RIP Key-chain
FastEthernet0/0 2 2
Serial2/1 2 2
Automatic network summarization is in effect
Maximum path: 4
Routing for Networks:
12.0.0 .0
172.16.0.0
Routing Information Sources:
Gateway Distance Last Update
12.1.1 .1 120 00:00:00
Distance: (default is 120)
检测网络通断
r1#ping 172.16.20.1
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 172.16.20.1, timeout is 2 seconds:
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 56/114/196 ms
r2#ping 172.16.10.1
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 172.16.10.1, timeout is 2 seconds:
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 24/108/200 ms
我们发现网络通了。这就是
RIPV1
与
RIPV2
的特征不同所决定的
方法
2
配置静态路由
静态路由的管理距离为默认为
1.
而
rip
的管理距离为
120
。所以在这个时候是静态路由起作用所以路由由不通到通
在配置完
RIP
后，我们再来配置两条静态路由、
r1(config)#ip route 172.16.20.0 255.255.255.0 12.1.1 .2
R2(config)#ip route 172.16.10.0 255.255.255.0 12.1.1 .1
r1#show ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF , IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate defa ult, U - per-user static route
o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route
Gateway of last resort is not set
172.16.0.0/24 is subnetted, 2 subnets
S 172.16.20.0 [
1
/0] vi a 12.1.1 .2
C 172.16.10.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
12.0.0 .0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 12.1.1 .0 is directly connected, Serial2/1
方法三在每个接口上通告发送数据用
RIPV2
R1
配置
R1#config t
R1(conf ig)#router rip
R1(conf ig- router)#net 12.0.0 .0
R1(conf ig- router)#net 172.16.10.0
R1(config-router)#int s2/1
R1(config-if)#ip rip send version 2
R1(config-if)#int f0/0
R1(config-if)#ip rip send version 2
R2
配置
R2#config t
R2(conf ig)#router rip
R2(conf ig- router)#net 12.0.0 .0
R2(conf ig- router)#net 172.16.20.0
R2(config-router)#int s2/1
R2(config-if)#ip rip send version 2
R2(config-if)#int f0/0
R2(config-if)#ip rip send version 2
测试网络
R1# Ping 172.16.20.1
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 172.16.20.1, timeout is 2 seconds:
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 32/109/208 ms
r1#show ip pro
Routing Protocol is "rip"
Sending updates every 30 seconds, next due in 22 seconds
Invalid after 180 seconds, hold down 180, flushed after 240
Outgoing update filter list for all interfaces is not set
Incoming update filter list for all interfaces is not set
Redistributing: rip
Default version control: send version 1, receive any version
Interface Send Recv Triggered RIP Key-chain
FastEthernet0/0
2
1 2
Serial2/1
2
1 2
Automatic network summarization is in effect
Maximum path: 4
Routing for Networks:
12.0.0 .0
172.16.0.0
Routing Information Sources:
Gateway Distance Last Update
12.0.0 .2 120 00:00:10
Distance: (default is 120)
大家对照第四页和第六页的红字部分看看他们的区别
方法四，在同一接口上配置双
IP
来解决
我们在有
RIPv1
运行的情况下来进行配置
我们在中间网络中配置双
IP
即
R1
和
R2
上的
S2/1
上
我们给他配上
172.16.30.0
这个网络
R1(config)#int s2/1
R1(config-if)#ip add 172.16.30.1 255.255.255.0 secondary
R2(config)#int s2/1
R2(config-if)#ip add 172.16.30.2 255.255.255.0 secondary
R2# show run int s2/1
Building configuration...
Current configuration : 134 bytes
!
interface Serial2/1
ip address 172.16.30.2 255.255.255.0 secondary
ip address 12.0.0 .2 255.255.255.0
serial restart-delay 0
end
R1# show run int s2/1
Building configuration...
Current configuration : 134 bytes
!
interface Serial2/1
ip address 172.16.30.1 255.255.255.0 secondary
ip address 12.0.0 .1 255.255.255.0
serial restart-delay 0
end
我们来测试以下网络
R1#Ping 172.16.20.1 //
大家可以自己去试一试