思科4500R系列交换机双引擎冗余讲解

4500R 系列交换机双引擎冗余讲解

--------- 风不停总结

 

支持冗余的交换机：

Cisco Catalyst 4510R Switch
Cisco Catalyst 4510R-E Switch
Cisco Catalyst 4507R Switch
Cisco Catalyst 4507R-E Switch

支持冗余的引擎：

Cisco Catalyst 4500 Enhanced Layer 3 Supervisor Engine High-Availability and Uplink Options

Feature and Description	Supervisor Engine IV	Supervisor Engine V	Supervisor Engine V-10GE	Supervisor Engine 6-E
Redundant capable	Yes Cisco Catalyst 4507R chassis and Cisco Catalyst 4507R-E	Yes Cisco Catalyst 4507R, Catalyst 4507R-E, Catalyst 4510R, and Catalyst 4510R-E	Yes Cisco Catalyst 4507R or 4507R-E and Cisco Catalyst 4510R or 4510R-E	Yes Cisco Catalyst 4507R or 4507R-E and Cisco Catalyst 4510R or 4510R-E
Active supervisor uplinks in redundant mode	2 Gigabit Ethernet	Up to 4 Gigabit Ethernet	Up to four Gigabit Ethernet and two 10 Gigabit Ethernet*	Two 10 Gigabit Ethernet (wire speed) Up to four 10 Gigabit (2:1 oversubscribed) Up to 8 Gigabit Ethernet (twin Gigabit Ethernet converters)
Active supervisor engine uplinks in nonredundant mode	2 Gigabit Ethernet	2 Gigabit Ethernet	4 Gigabit Ethernet and two 10 Gigabit Ethernet*	Two 10 Gigabit or one 10 Gigabit and 2 Gigabit Ethernet (twin Gigabit Ethernet converters) or 4 Gigabit Ethernet (twin Gigabit Ethernet converters)
Twin Gigabit Ethernet converter support	No	No	No	Yes
Uplink optic types	Gigabit interface converter (GBIC)	GBIC	Small Form-Factor Pluggable (SFP) (Gigabit Ethernet) or X2 optics (10-Gigabit Ethernet ports)	SFP (Gigabit Ethernet) with Twin Gigabit Ethernet converter or X2 optics (10-Gigabit Ethernet ports)
SSO/NSF and ISSU	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes**

 

IOS 支持的版本：

最低 IOS 版本要求是 12.1E

 

 

Supervisor Engine Redundancy 的模式

RPR Operation

RPR is supported in Cisco IOS Release 12.2( 12c )EW and later releases. When a redundant supervisor engine runs in RPR mode, it starts up in a partially-initialized state and is synchronized with the persistent configuration of the active supervisor engine.

Note Persistent configuration includes the following components: startup-config, boot variables, config-register, and VLAN database.

The redundant supervisor engine pauses the startup sequence after basic system initialization, and in the event that the active supervisor engine fails, the redundant supervisor engine becomes the new active supervisor engine.

In a supervisor engine switchover, traffic is disrupted because in the RPR mode all of the physical ports restart since there is no state maintained between supervisor engines relating to module types and statuses. When the redundant supervisor engine completes its initialization, it will read hardware information directly from the module.

SSO Operation

SSO is supported in Cisco IOS Release 12.2(20)EWA and later releases. When a redundant supervisor engine runs in SSO mode, the redundant supervisor engine starts up in a fully-initialized state and synchronizes with the persistent configuration and the running configuration of the active supervisor engine. It subsequently maintains the state on the protocols listed below, and all changes in hardware and software states for features that support stateful switchover are kept in sync. Consequently, it offers zero interruption to Layer 2 sessions in a redundant supervisor engine configuration.

Because the redundant supervisor engine recognizes the hardware link status of every link, ports that were active before the switchover will remain active, including the uplink ports. However, because uplink ports are physically on the supervisor engine, they will be disconnected if the supervisor engine is removed.

If the active supervisor engine fails, the redundant supervisor engine become active. This newly active supervisor engine uses existing Layer 2 switching information to continue forwarding traffic. Layer 3 forwarding will be delayed until the routing tables have been repopulated in the newly active supervisor engine.

SSO supports stateful switchover of the following Layer 2 features. The state of these features is preserved between both the active and redundant supervisor engines:

• 802.3

• 802.3u

• 802.3x (Flow Control)

• 802.3ab (GE)

• 802.3z (Gigabit Ethernet including CWDM)

• 802.3ad (LACP)

• 802.1p (Layer 2 QoS)

• 802.1q

• 802.1X (Authentication)

• 802.1D (Spanning Tree Protocol)

• 802.3af (Inline power)

• PAgP

• VTP

• Dynamic ARP Inspection

• DHCP snooping

• IP source guard

• IGMP snooping (versions 1 and 2)

• DTP (802.1q and ISL)

• MST

• PVST+

• Rapid-PVST

• PortFast/UplinkFast/BackboneFast

• BPDU guard and filtering

• Voice VLAN

• Port security

• Unicast MAC filtering

• ACL (VACLS, PACLS, RACLS)

• QOS (DBL)

• Multicast storm control/broadcast storm control

SSO is compatible with the following list of features. However, the protocol database for these features is not synchronized between the redundant and active supervisor engines:

• 802.1Q tunneling with Layer 2 Protocol Tunneling (L 2PT )

• Baby giants

• Jumbo frame support

• CDP

• Flood blocking

• UDLD

• SPAN/RSPAN

• NetFlow

The following features are learned on the redundant supervisor engine if the SSO feature is enabled:

• All Layer 3 protocols on Catalyst 4500 series switches (Switch Virtual Interfaces)

注：随着 IOS 版本的不同，冗余引擎所支持的型号也是不一样的，具体请查看文档 ：

[url]http://www.cisco.com/en/US/products/hw/switches/ps4324/products_installation_and_configuration_guides_list.html[/url]

 

 

配置举例：

 

型号： WS-C4507R

IOS 版本： 12.2(18)EW

说明：

以下实例是以 RPR 模式配置的，因为 IOS 版本较低

第一，  第二插槽里面的引擎型号完全一样，都是 WS-X4515 ， IOS 的版本也一样；

做好相应的配置，这里不做描述，可以自己查文档；

目前的状态是

4507R#show module

Chassis Type : WS-C4507R

 

Power consumed by backplane : 40 Watts

 

Mod Ports Card Type                              Model              Serial No.

---+-----+--------------------------------------+------------------+-----------

 1     2  1000BaseX (GBIC) Supervisor(active)    WS-X4515          ******** 序列号省略 *****

 2     2  1000BaseX (GBIC) Supervisor(standby)   WS-X4515          ***************

 

重启交换机后，第二块引擎会变为主引擎，状态将切换，大约 30 秒：

4507R#show module

Chassis Type : WS-C4507R

 

Power consumed by backplane : 40 Watts

 

Mod Ports Card Type                              Model              Serial No.

---+-----+--------------------------------------+------------------+-----------

 1     2  1000BaseX (GBIC) Supervisor(standby)    WS-X4515          ******** 序列号省略 *****

 2     2  1000BaseX (GBIC) Supervisor (active)   WS-X4515          ***************

 

这时，如果将第二块引擎热拔掉后，状态会再次切换回来，这个过程大约需要 1 分：

4507R#show module

Chassis Type : WS-C4507R

 

Power consumed by backplane : 40 Watts

 

Mod Ports Card Type                              Model              Serial No.

---+-----+--------------------------------------+------------------+-----------

 1     2  1000BaseX (GBIC) Supervisor(active)    WS-X4515           **************

 2        Standby Supervisor

因第二插槽引擎被拔掉，所以显示是空的！！！

 

 

将第二块引擎插回后，状态又变为：

 

4507R#show module

Chassis Type : WS-C4507R

 

Power consumed by backplane : 40 Watts

 

Mod Ports Card Type                              Model              Serial No.

---+-----+--------------------------------------+------------------+-----------

 1     2  1000BaseX (GBIC) Supervisor(active)    WS-X4515           ********

 2     2  1000BaseX (GBIC) Supervisor(standby)   WS-X4515          ********

 

具体的状态在不同的模式里是不一样的，要多观察，多总结！！！

 

另外：

如果配备了冗余引擎，那么保存配置的时候显示的信息也不一样

 

4507R#wr

Building configuration...

Compressed configuration from 15052 bytes to 5102 bytes[OK]

Uncompressed configuration from 5102 bytes to 15052 bytes

 

大家猜猜为什么？？？

 

 

附一些日志信息：

00:38:21: %C4K_REDUNDANCY-6-MODE: ACTIVE supervisor initializing for rpr mode

00:38:22: %C4K_REDUNDANCY-5-CONFIGSYNC: The bootvar has been successfully synchronized to the standby supervisor

00:38:22: %C4K_REDUNDANCY-5-CONFIGSYNC: The config-reg has been successfully synchronized to the standby supervisor

00:38:22: %C4K_REDUNDANCY-5-CONFIGSYNC: The calendar has been successfully synchronized to the standby supervisor

00:38:22: %C4K_REDUNDANCY-5-CONFIGSYNC: The startup-config has been successfully synchronized to the standby supervisor

00:38:22: %C4K_REDUNDANCY-5-CONFIGSYNC: The private-config has been successfully synchronized to the standby supervisor

00:38:23: %C4K_REDUNDANCY-5-CONFIGSYNC_RATELIMIT: The vlan database has been successfully synchronized to the standby supervisor