linux下查看硬盘型号等信息

在准备替换或加装硬盘时,如何得到硬盘信息?
可以用smartctl,hdparm等命令来查询。

在日志中显示硬盘有坏扇区
tail /var/log/messages

  1. Mar 1 09:42:55 c1g smartd[1848]: Device: /dev/hda, 2 Currently unreadable (pending) sectors
  2. Mar 1 09:42:55 c1g smartd[1848]: Device: /dev/hda, 2 Offline uncorrectable sectors

dmesg中也有错误信息
dmesg

  1. ide: failed opcode was: unknown
  2. hda: no DRQ after issuing WRITE
  3. ide0: reset: success
  4. hda: status timeout: status=0xd0 { Busy }

对硬盘做一下健康检查
smartctl -H /dev/hda

  1. smartctl version 5.33 [i386-redhat-linux-gnu] Copyright (C) 2002-4 Bruce Allen
  2. Home page is http://smartmontools.sourceforge.net/
  3.  
  4. === START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION ===
  5. SMART overall-health self-assessment test result: PASSED

检测通过,保险起见还是准备换硬盘。
查看下当前硬盘的型号,可以得到硬盘接口为SATAII,及尺寸大小3.5"
smartctl -a /dev/hda

  1. smartctl version 5.33 [i386-redhat-linux-gnu] Copyright (C) 2002-4 Bruce Allen
  2. Home page is http://smartmontools.sourceforge.net/
  3.  
  4. === START OF INFORMATION SECTION ===
  5. Device Model: ST3160815AS
  6. Serial Number: 6RA7DWM4
  7. Firmware Version: 4.AAB
  8. User Capacity: 160,040,803,840 bytes
  9. Device is: Not in smartctl database [for details use: -P showall]
  10. ATA Version is: 7
  11. ATA Standard is: Exact ATA specification draft version not indicated
  12. Local Time is: Mon Mar 1 10:36:55 2010 CST
  13. SMART support is: Available - device has SMART capability.
  14. SMART support is: Enabled
  15.  
  16. === START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION ===
  17. SMART overall-health self-assessment test result: PASSED

hdparm也可以得到硬盘型号
hdparm -i /dev/hda

  1. /dev/hda:
  2.  
  3. Model=ST3160815AS, FwRev=4.AAB, SerialNo=6RA7DWM4
  4. Config={ HardSect NotMFM HdSw>15uSec Fixed DTR>10Mbs RotSpdTol>.5% }
  5. RawCHS=16383/16/63, TrkSize=0, SectSize=0, ECCbytes=4
  6. BuffType=unknown, BuffSize=8192kB, MaxMultSect=16, MultSect=off
  7. CurCHS=16383/16/63, CurSects=16514064, LBA=yes, LBAsects=268435455
  8. IORDY=on/off, tPIO={min:120,w/IORDY:120}, tDMA={min:120,rec:120}
  9. PIO modes: pio0 pio1 pio2 pio3 pio4
  10. DMA modes: mdma0 mdma1 mdma2
  11. UDMA modes: udma0 udma1 udma2
  12. AdvancedPM=no WriteCache=enabled
  13. Drive conforms to: device does not report version:
  14.  
  15. * signifies the current active mode

也可以通过主板型号来得知支持的硬盘
dmidecode

  1. System Information
  2. Manufacturer: Gigabyte Technology Co., Ltd.
  3. Product Name: 945GCM-S2L

 

/dev/hd~ ==> IDE
/dev/sd~ ==> SCSI、SATA、USB、FLASH
/dev/md~ ==> RAID

至于RAID大小要看系统及文件系统的支持了。 

smartctl使用详解:

 

功能:可以查看生产厂商、型号、序列号、容量、是否支持SMART、开启否
主页:http://smartmontools.sourceforge.net/
Centos安装:
yum -y install smartmontools

smartctl
-i 指定设备
-d 指定设备类型,例如:ata, scsi, marvell, sat, 3ware,N
-a 或A 显示所有信息
-l 指定日志的类型,例如:TYPE: error, selftest, selective, directory,background, scttemp[sts,hist]
-H 查看硬盘健康状态
-t short 后台检测硬盘,消耗时间短
-t long 后台检测硬盘,消耗时间长
-C -t short 前台检测硬盘,消耗时间短
-C -t long 前台检测硬盘,消耗时间长
-X 中断后台检测硬盘
-l selftest 显示硬盘检测日志
HP硬盘:
smartctl -s on -d  cciss,0 /dev/cciss/c0d0 开启SMART
smartctl  -a  -d cciss,0 -i /dev/cciss/c0d0  显示所有SMART信息
smartctl  -l error  -d cciss,0 -i /dev/cciss/c0d0 查看磁盘错误日志
+++++++++++++++++++++++smarted服务+++++++++++++++++

简单说下smartctl:smartd由kernel-utils包缺省安装。用命令 rpm -ql kernel-utils 可以列出kernel-utils包中的文件
它是一个守护进程(一个帮助程序),它能监视拥有自我监视,分析和汇报技术(Self-Monitoring, Analysis, and Reporting Technology - SMART)的硬盘。
主配置文件:/etc/smartd.conf
添加一行/dev/cciss/c0d0 -H -m [email protected]
上边的配置表示smartd以静默状态工作,当SMART中报告PASSED的时候不理睬一旦出现Failure,立刻用邮件通知用户指定的邮箱


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