mysql安装（mysql-5.5.24绿色版）

1. 创建LVM用于存放mysql的数据库，并挂载到/data 目录下

[root@www ~]# fdisk -l

Disk /dev/sda: 128.8 GB, 128849018880 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 15665 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/sda1   *           1          13      104391   83  Linux
/dev/sda2              14        5235    41945715   8e  Linux LVM
/dev/sda3            5236        5366     1052257+  82  Linux swap / Solaris

Disk /dev/sdb: 21.4 GB, 21474836480 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2610 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Disk /dev/sdb doesn't contain a valid partition table

 

[root@www ~]# fdisk /dev/sdb
Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel
Building a new DOS disklabel. Changes will remain in memory only,
until you decide to write them. After that, of course, the previous
content won't be recoverable.


The number of cylinders for this disk is set to 2610.
There is nothing wrong with that, but this is larger than 1024,
and could in certain setups cause problems with:
1) software that runs at boot time (e.g., old versions of LILO)
2) booting and partitioning software from other OSs
   (e.g., DOS FDISK, OS/2 FDISK)
Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)

Command (m for help): n
Command action
   e   extended
   p   primary partition (1-4)
p
Partition number (1-4): 1
First cylinder (1-2610, default 1):
Using default value 1
Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (1-2610, default 2610): +5G

Command (m for help): t
Selected partition 1
Hex code (type L to list codes): 8e
Changed system type of partition 1 to 8e (Linux LVM)

Command (m for help): p

Disk /dev/sdb: 21.4 GB, 21474836480 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2610 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/sdb1               1         609     4891761   8e  Linux LVM

Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered!

Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.

[root@www ~]# partprobe
[root@www ~]# pvs
  /dev/cdrom: open failed: No medium found
  PV         VG   Fmt  Attr PSize  PFree
  /dev/sda2  vol0 lvm2 a--  40.00G 5.84G
[root@www ~]# pvcreate /dev/sdb1
  Writing physical volume data to disk "/dev/sdb1"
  Physical volume "/dev/sdb1" successfully created
[root@www ~]# pvs
  /dev/cdrom: open failed: No medium found
  PV         VG   Fmt  Attr PSize  PFree
  /dev/sda2  vol0 lvm2 a--  40.00G 5.84G
  /dev/sdb1       lvm2 a--   4.67G 4.67G
[root@www ~]# vgs
  VG   #PV #LV #SN Attr   VSize  VFree
  vol0   1   2   0 wz--n- 40.00G 5.84G
[root@www ~]# vgcreate myvg /dev/sdb1
  Volume group "myvg" successfully created
[root@www ~]# vgs
  VG   #PV #LV #SN Attr   VSize  VFree
  myvg   1   0   0 wz--n-  4.66G 4.66G
  vol0   1   2   0 wz--n- 40.00G 5.84G
[root@www ~]# lvs
  LV   VG   Attr   LSize  Origin Snap%  Move Log Copy%  Convert
  home vol0 -wi-ao  4.88G
  root vol0 -wi-ao 29.28G
[root@www ~]# lvcreate -L 2G -n mylv /dev/myvg
  Logical volume "mylv" created
[root@www ~]# lvs
  LV   VG   Attr   LSize  Origin Snap%  Move Log Copy%  Convert
  mylv myvg -wi-a-  2.00G
  home vol0 -wi-ao  4.88G
  root vol0 -wi-ao 29.28G
[root@www ~]# mkfs -t ext3 /dev/myvg/mylv
mke2fs 1.39 (29-May-2006)
Filesystem label=
OS type: Linux
Block size=4096 (log=2)
Fragment size=4096 (log=2)
262144 inodes, 524288 blocks
26214 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
First data block=0
Maximum filesystem blocks=536870912
16 block groups
32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group
16384 inodes per group
Superblock backups stored on blocks:
    32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912

Writing inode tables: done
Creating journal (16384 blocks): done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done


This filesystem will be automatically checked every 29 mounts or
180 days, whichever comes first.  Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.

 

[root@www ~]# mkdir /data
[root@www ~]# vi /etc/fstab
[root@www ~]# mount -a
mount: No medium found
[root@www ~]# df -h
Filesystem            Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/vol0-root
                       29G  2.8G   25G  11% /
/dev/mapper/vol0-home
                      4.8G  138M  4.4G   4% /home
/dev/sda1              99M   25M   69M  27% /boot
tmpfs                 252M     0  252M   0% /dev/shm
/dev/mapper/myvg-mylv
                      2.0G   68M  1.9G   4% /data

 

1. 新建mysql用户：
     # groupadd -r mysql

     # useradd -r -g mysql -M -s /sbin/nologin mysql
           
2. 解压：
      # tar xf mysql-5.5.24-linux2.6-i686.tar.gz -C /usr/local
           
3. 把mysql的数据库文件放在LVM上
           
      # mkdir /data/mysql  --> (mysql用户对此目录要有读写权限)
      # chown  mysql:mysql /data/mysql
           
4.    # cd /usr/local
      # ln -s mysql-5.5.24-linux2.6-i686  mysql   创建链接（尽量不要更改原文件名，方便以后升级）
   
5. 更改属主、属组   
       # cd mysql
       # chown -R mysql:mysql .
   
6.mysql初始化
       # scripts/mysql_install_db  --datadir=/data/mysql/ --user=mysql
           
7. 提供mysql的主配置文件
       # cd /usr/local/mysql
       # cp  support-files/my-large.cnf  /etc/my.cnf        --> This is for a large system with memory = 512M where the system runs mainly
           
       # vi /etc/my.cnf
              在[mysqld]段添加 datadir=/mydata/mysql  --> 指定数据库文件存放的目录(文件)
                   
              并修改此文件中thread_concurrency的值为你的CPU个数乘以2，
                    thread_concurrency = 2
                                   
8. 提供SysV控制脚本：
       # cd /usr/local/mysql
       # cp support-files/mysql.server  /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld   
     添加至服务列表：
       # chkconfig --add mysqld
       # chkconfig mysqld on
           
       # chown -R root  .

            而后就可以启动服务测试使用了。
       
为了使用mysql的安装符合系统使用规范，并将其开发组件导出给系统使用，这里还需要进行如下步骤：

9. 将/usr/local/mysql/bin  加入PATH变量的路径中
       # vi  /etc/profile
              加入"PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:$PATH"
       # export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin
           
10.启动mysql
# mysql
   >use mysql 设定默认表
   >SELECT host,user,password FROM user; 查看表
   >UPDATE user SET password=password('redhat') WHERE user='root';   --> 为所有的root用户更改密码
   >DROP USER '' @localhost;  删除匿名用户

11.  添加man文档路径（输出mysql的man手册至man命令的查找路径）
        # vi /etc/man.config
                添加 MANPATH=/usr/local/mysql/man
                   
12. 输出mysql的库文件给系统库查找路径：
        在/etc/ld.so.conf.d 中建立指定mysql库文件路径(/usr/local/mysql/lib)的文件 --> mysql.conf
         # echo '/usr/local/mysql/lib' > /etc/ld.so.conf.d/mysql.conf
                   
         # ldconfig  -->通知系统重新载入系统库，生成/etc/ld.so.cache 文件
               
            系统在启动时只到 /lib      /usr/lib     /usr/X11R6/lib    这三个目录中查找库文件 ，并将其缓存在/etc/ld.so.cache文件中

         # ldconfig -v | grep mysql

13. 让其它程序可以访问 msyql的头文件
          # ln -sv /usr/local/mysql/include/ /usr/include/mysql
               
               
关于mysql的基本设置

[root@www ~]# mysql  第一次一登录时密码为空
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 1
Server version: 5.5.24-log MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> use mysql;
Database changed
mysql> SHOW DATABASES;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| test               |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.01 sec)

mysql> SELECT user,host,password FROM user;
+------+-------------+----------+
| user | host        | password |
+------+-------------+----------+
| root | localhost   |          |
| root | www.yue.com |          |
| root | 127.0.0.1   |          |
| root | ::1         |          |
|      | localhost   |          |
|      | www.yue.com |          |
+------+-------------+----------+
6 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> DROP USER ''@'localhost';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

mysql> DROP USER ''@'www.yue.com';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> DELETE FROM user WHERE HOST='::1';
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> SELECT user,host,password FROM user;
+------+-------------+----------+
| user | host        | password |
+------+-------------+----------+
| root | localhost   |          |
| root | www.yue.com |          |
| root | 127.0.0.1   |          |
+------+-------------+----------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> UPDATE user SET password=password('redhat') WHERE user='root';
Query OK, 3 rows affected (0.05 sec)
Rows matched: 3  Changed: 3  Warnings: 0

mysql> SELECT user,host,password FROM user;
+------+-------------+-------------------------------------------+
| user | host        | password                                  |
+------+-------------+-------------------------------------------+
| root | localhost   | *84BB5DF4823DA319BBF86C99624479A198E6EEE9 |
| root | www.yue.com | *84BB5DF4823DA319BBF86C99624479A198E6EEE9 |
| root | 127.0.0.1   | *84BB5DF4823DA319BBF86C99624479A198E6EEE9 |
+------+-------------+-------------------------------------------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> quit
Bye

 

***************      mysql 绿色版      ***************
   
mysql-5.5.24-linux2.6-i686.tar.gz
  (1). 解压后可直接使用
  (2). 对解压位置有要求(/usr/local)，要以mysql用户的身份运行
   
       
           
           
[root@www mysql_sa]# groupadd -r mysql
[root@www mysql_sa]# useradd -r -g mysql -s /sbin/nologin -M mysql
[root@www mysql_sa]# id mysql
uid=101(mysql) gid=157(mysql) groups=157(mysql) context=root:system_r:unconfined_t:SystemLow-SystemHigh
[root@www mysql_sa]# mkdir /data/mysql
[root@www mysql_sa]# chown -R mysql:mysql /data/mysql
[root@www mysql_sa]# tar xf mysql-5.5.24-linux2.6-i686.tar.gz -C /usr/local
[root@www mysql_sa]# cd /usr/local
[root@www local]# ln -sv mysql-5.5.24-linux2.6-i686/  mysql
create symbolic link `mysql' to `mysql-5.5.24-linux2.6-i686/'
[root@www local]# cd mysql


[root@www mysql]# chown -R mysql:mysql .
[root@www mysql]# scripts/mysql_install_db  --datadir=/data/mysql --user=mysql
Installing MySQL system tables...
OK
Filling help tables...
OK

To start mysqld at boot time you have to copy
support-files/mysql.server to the right place for your system

PLEASE REMEMBER TO SET A PASSWORD FOR THE MySQL root USER !
To do so, start the server, then issue the following commands:

./bin/mysqladmin -u root password 'new-password'
./bin/mysqladmin -u root -h www.yue.com password 'new-password'

Alternatively you can run:
./bin/mysql_secure_installation

which will also give you the option of removing the test
databases and anonymous user created by default.  This is
strongly recommended for production servers.

See the manual for more instructions.

You can start the MySQL daemon with:
cd . ; ./bin/mysqld_safe &

You can test the MySQL daemon with mysql-test-run.pl
cd ./mysql-test ; perl mysql-test-run.pl

Please report any problems with the ./bin/mysqlbug script!


[root@www mysql]# cp support-files/my-large.cnf  /etc/my.cnf
[root@www mysql]# vi /etc/my.cnf

[root@www mysql]# cp support-files/mysql.server  /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld
[root@www mysql]# chmod +x /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld
[root@www mysql]# chkconfig --add mysqld
[root@www mysql]# chkconfig mysqld on

           
[root@www mysql]# chown -R root .
[root@www mysql]# vi /etc/profile
[root@www mysql]# export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin

[root@www mysql]# vi /etc/man.config
[root@www mysql]# ln -sv /usr/local/mysql/include/   /usr/include/mysql
create symbolic link `/usr/include/mysql' to `/usr/local/mysql/include/'

[root@www mysql]# vi /etc/ld.so.conf.d/mysql.conf
[root@www mysql]# ldconfig
[root@www mysql]# ldconfig -v | grep mysql
/usr/local/mysql/lib:
    libmysqlclient.so.18 -> libmysqlclient_r.so.18.0.0