Linux IPBonding网卡冗余安装启动说明书
1 编写目的
随着客户对各个项目的安全技术要求越来越高，网络连接的线路冗余势在必行，Linux操作系统是我们项目中不可缺少的一个系统环境，作为一个较为成熟的技术IPBonding逐渐成为Linux操作系统网卡冗余的首选程序，因此特编写此文档用于指导项目实施与维护。
2 参考资料
资料名称
Part NO
出版单位
3 实验环境
操作系统：CentOS Linux 5（Kernel：2.6.18-53.el5）
网卡说明：双网卡（非同品牌型号）名字分别为eth0、eth1
网络设置：192.168.1.201/24
4 配置方法
4.1 相关文件
/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-bond0
/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0
/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth1
/etc/modprobe.conf
/etc/rc.local
/proc/net/bonding/bond0
4.2 开始配置
1.备份eth0、eth1配置文件
# cd /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts
# cp ifcfg-eth0 ifcfg-eth0.bak
# cp ifcfg-eth1 ifcfg-eth1.bak
2.建立ifcfg-bond0
# vi ifcfg-bond0
加入如下内容：
DEVICE=bond0
ONBOOT=yes
BOOTPROTO=none
BROADCAST=192.168.1.255
IPADDR=192.168.1.201
NETMASK=255.255.255.0
GATEWAY=192.168.1.1
3.编辑ifcfg-eth0
# vi ifcfg-eth0
加入如下内容覆盖原有内容：
DEVICE=eth0
TYPE=Ethernet
ONBOOT=yes
BOOTPROTO=none
MASTER=bond0
SLAVE=yes
HWADDR=00:16:EC:AE:07:54
4.编辑ifcfg-eth1
# vi ifcfg-eth1
加入如下内容覆盖原有内容：
DEVICE=eth1
TYPE=Ethernet
ONBOOT=yes
BOOTPROTO=none
MASTER=bond0
SLAVE=yes
HWADDR= 00:50:BA:0C:65:02
5.编辑modprobe.conf
# cd /et c
# vi modprobe.conf
追加如下内容：
alias bond0 bonding
options bond0 miimon=100 mode=1
说明：
miimon表示链路检查间隔，单位为毫秒；mode的值表示工作模式，他共有0、1模式，
0模式：负载均衡模式
1模式：热备模式
6.编辑rc.local
# vi rc.local
追加如下内容：
ifenslave bond0 eth0 eth1
route add -net 192.168.1.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 bond0
5 结果测试
重启服务器，在开机加载服务有如下提示输出则说明模块成功加载。
Bringing up interface bond0 [ OK ]
Bringing up interface eth0 [ OK ]
Bringing up interface eth1 [ OK ]
5.1 查看IP配置
输出信息应该与下方的输出类似
# ifconfig -a
bond0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:16:EC:AE:07:54
inet addr:192.168.1.201 Bcast:192.168.1.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
inet6 addr: fe80::216:ecff:feae:754/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MASTER MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:10452933 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:2245803 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
RX bytes:2313966546 (2.1 GiB) TX bytes:1240415537 (1.1 GiB)
eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:16:EC:AE:07:54
inet6 addr: fe80::216:ecff:feae:754/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING SLAVE MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:10353385 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:2245519 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:2305237371 (2.1 GiB) TX bytes:1240369619 (1.1 GiB)
Interrupt:225 Base address:0xc800
eth1 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:16:EC:AE:07:54
inet6 addr: fe80::216:ecff:feae:754/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST SLAVE MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:99554 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:291 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:8729599 (8.3 MiB) TX bytes:47044 (45.9 KiB)
Interrupt:217 Base address:0xac00
lo Link encap:Local Loopback
inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0
inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host
UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:16436 Metric:1
RX packets:12133 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:12133 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
RX bytes:18922380 (18.0 MiB) TX bytes:18922380 (18.0 MiB)
5.2 网关连通状态
# ping 192.168.1.1
PING 192.168.1.1 (192.168.1.1) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 192.168.1.1: icmp_seq=1 ttl=255 time=0.608 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.1.1: icmp_seq=2 ttl=255 time=0.593 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.1.1: icmp_seq=3 ttl=255 time=0.800 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.1.1: icmp_seq=4 ttl=255 time=0.515 ms
--- 192.168.1.1 ping statistics ---
4 packets transmitted, 4 received, 0% packet loss, time 3000ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.515/0.629/0.800/0.104 ms
5.3 查看bond0状态
# cat /proc/net/bonding/bond0
Ethernet Channel Bonding Driver: v3.1.2 (January 20, 2007)
Bonding Mode: fault-tolerance (active-backup)
Primary Slave: None
Currently Active Slave: eth0
MII Status: up
MII Polling Interval (ms): 100
Up Delay (ms): 0
Down Delay (ms): 0
Slave Interface: eth0
MII Status: up
Link Failure Count: 1
Permanent HW addr: 00:16:ec:ae:07:54
Slave Interface: eth1
MII Status: down
Link Failure Count: 2
Permanent HW addr: 00:50:ba:0c:65:02
5.4 Bond迁移状态
在同一网段用一台机器持续ping Bonding主机，然后拔掉eth0的网线，同时使用其他网络接入服务。
# ping 192.168.1.201
Pinging 192.168.1.201 with 32 bytes of data:
Reply from 192.168.1.201: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=64
Reply from 192.168.1.201: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=64
Reply from 192.168.1.201: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=64
Reply from 192.168.1.201: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=64
Reply from 192.168.1.201: bytes=32 time=3ms TTL=64
Reply from 192.168.1.201: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=64
Reply from 192.168.1.201: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=64
Reply from 192.168.1.201: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=64
Reply from 192.168.1.201: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=64
Ping statistics for 192.168.1.201:
Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss),
Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:
Minimum = 0ms, Maximum = 0ms, Average = 0ms
#
在ping的同时开一个SSH登录到主机，并输入# top，可以看到中间只是顿了一下就恢复了，并没有断；查看bond0状态，发现Currently Active Slave已经切换到eth1。
# cat /proc/net/bonding/bond0
Ethernet Channel Bonding Driver: v3.1.2 (January 20, 2007)
Bonding Mode: fault-tolerance (active-backup)
Primary Slave: None
Currently Active Slave: eth1
MII Status: up
MII Polling Interval (ms): 100
Up Delay (ms): 0
Down Delay (ms): 0
Slave Interface: eth0
MII Status: down
Link Failure Count: 1
Permanent HW addr: 00:16:ec:ae:07:54
Slave Interface: eth1
MII Status: up
Link Failure Count: 2
Permanent HW addr: 00:50:ba:0c:65:02
eth0网线插回去后，bonding并不会及时的将工作网卡切换到eth0，而是等到eth1链路失效后才会切换回eth0
再拔掉eth1的网线查看bond0状态会发现Currently Active Slave已经切换回eth0