OSPF地址汇总试验报告
OSPF
地址汇总试验报告
1.
实验拓扑：
2.
实验目的：
2.1
按照拓扑图正确连接三台路由器。
2.2
正确配置相应的接口
IP
地址
2.3
配置
OSPF
虚链路把不与主干区域相连的区域逻辑连接
( Config-router)#area
区域号
virtual-link
对方路由
ID
2.4
配置
OSPF
区域汇总和外部路由汇总
2.5
配置辅助地址
（ config-if ） #ip add IP 地址 掩码 secondary
注：只有主地址也运行 OSPF 时，才会通告辅助网络
OSPF 把辅助地址看成末梢区域，无法与辅助网络的路由建立邻接关系
（ config-if ） #ip add IP 地址 掩码 secondary
注：只有主地址也运行 OSPF 时，才会通告辅助网络
OSPF 把辅助地址看成末梢区域，无法与辅助网络的路由建立邻接关系
3.
详细配置步骤：
Setp 1.
配置路由器
R1,R2.R3
相应的接口
IP
地址
,
及辅助地址：
R1
配置如下：
Router>en
Router#conf t
Router(config)#ho R1
R1(config)#int s1/0
R1(config-if)#ip add 10.1.1 .1 255.255.255.0
R1(config-if)#no shut
R1(config-if)#exit
R1(config)#int lo0
R1(config-if)#ip add 1.1.1 .1 255.255.255.0
R1(config-if)#no shut
R1(config-if)#exit
R1(config)#
R2
配置如下：
Router>en
Router#conf t
Router(config)#ho R2
R2(config)#int s1/0
R2(config-if)#ip add 10.1.1 .2 255.255.255.0
R2(config-if)#no shut
R2(config-if)#exit
R2(config)#int s1/1
R2(config-if)#ip add 11.1.1 .1 255.255.255.0
R2(config-if)#no shut
R2(config-if)#exit
R2(config)#int lo0
R2(config-if)#ip add 2.2.2 .2 255.255.255.0
R2(config-if)#exit
R2(config)#int lo1
R2(config-if)#ip add 12.1.0 .1 255.255.255.0 secondary
R2(config-if)#ip add 12.2.0 .1 255.255.255.0 secondary
R2(config-if)#ip add 12.3.0 .1 255.255.255.0 secondary
R2(config-if)#ip add 12.4.0 .1 255.255.255.0 secondary
R2(config-if)#ip add 12.5.0 .1 255.255.255.0 secondary
R2(config-if)#ip add 12.6.0 .1 255.255.255.0 secondary
R2(config-if)#ip add 12.7.0 .1 255.255.255.0 secondary
R2(config-if)#ip add 12.0.0 .1 255.255.255.0
R2(config-if)#exit
R2(config)#
R3
配置如下：
Router>en
Router#conf t
Router(config)#ho R3
R3(config)#int s1/0
R3(config-if)#ip add 11.1.1 .2 255.255.255.0
R3(config-if)#no shut
R3(config-if)#exit
R3(config)#int lo0
R3(config-if)#ip add 3.3.3 .3 255.255.255.0
R3(config-if)#exit
R3(config)#int lo1
R3(config-if)#ip add 13.0.0 .1 255.255.255.0
R3(config-if)#ip add 13.1.0 .1 255.255.255.0 secondary
R3(config-if)#ip add 13.2.0 .1 255.255.255.0 secondary
R3(config-if)#ip add 13.3.0 .1 255.255.255.0 secondary
R3(config-if)#ip add 13.4.0 .1 255.255.255.0 secondary
R3(config-if)#ip add 13.5.0 .1 255.255.255.0 secondary
R3(config-if)#ip add 13.6.0 .1 255.255.255.0 secondary
R3(config-if)#ip add 13.7.0 .1 255.255.255.0 secondary
step2 .
配置
OSPF
路由协议
R1
配置如下：
R1(config)#router ospf 7
R1(config-router)#net 1.1.1 .0 0.0.0.255 area 0
R1(config-router)#net 10.1.1 .0 0.0.0.255 area 0
R1(config-router)#exit
R1(config)#
*Mar 1 00:13:26.943: %OSPF-5-ADJCHG: Process 7, Nbr 2.2.2 .2 on Serial1/0 from L
OADING to FULL, Loading Done
R2
配置如下：
R2(config)#router ospf 8
R2(config-router)#router-id 2.2.2 .2
//
指定
Router-id
R2(config-router)#net 10.1.1 .0 0.0.0.255 area 0
R2(config-router)#net 11.1.1 .0 0.0.0.255 area 1
R2(config-router)#exit
R2(config)#
R3
配置如下：
R3(config-if)#exit
R3(config)#router ospf 9
R3(config-router)#router-id 3.3.3 .3
//
指定
Router-id
R3(config-router)#net 11.1.1 .0 0.0.0.255 area 1
R3(config-router)#net 3.3.3 .0 0.0.0.255 area 51
R3(config-router)# network 13.0.0 .0 0.0.255.255 area 51
R3(config-router)# network 13.1.0 .0 0.0.255.255 area 51
R3(config-router)# network 13.2.0 .0 0.0.255.255 area 51
R3(config-router)# network 13.3.0 .0 0.0.255.255 area 51
R3(config-router)# network 13.4.0 .0 0.0.255.255 area 51
R3(config-router)# network 13.5.0 .0 0.0.255.255 area 51
R3(config-router)# network 13.6.0 .0 0.0.255.255 area 51
R3(config-router)# network 13.7.0 .0 0.0.255.255 area 51
R3(config-router)#
查看
R1
路由表：
R1#show ip rou
Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF , IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route
Gateway of last resort is not set
1.0.0 .0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 1.1.1 .0 is directly connected, Loopback0
10.0.0 .0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 10.1.1 .0 is directly connected, Serial1/0
11.0.0 .0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O IA 11.1.1 .0 [110/128] vi a 10.1.1 .2, 00:01:12, Serial1/0
//
此时
R1
还学习不到
R3
的路由信息
Step3.
配置虚链路：
R2(config)#router ospf 8
R2(config-router)#area 1 virtual-link 3.3.3 .3
R2(config-router)#exit
R2(config)#
R3(config)#router ospf 9
R3(config-router)#area 1 virtual-link 2.2.2 .2
R3(config-router)#exit
R3(config)#
查看
R1
路由表：
R1#show ip rou
Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF , IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route
Gateway of last resort is not set
1.0.0 .0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 1.1.1 .0 is directly connected, Loopback0
3.0.0 .0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O IA 3.3.3 .3 [110/129] vi a 10.1.1 .2, 00:00:37, Serial1/0
10.0.0 .0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 10.1.1 .0 is directly connected, Serial1/0
11.0.0 .0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O IA 11.1.1 .0 [110/128] vi a 10.1.1 .2, 00:00:37, Serial1/0
13.0.0 .0/8 is variably subnetted, 8 subnets, 2 masks
O IA 13.5.0 .0/24 [110/129] vi a 10.1.1 .2, 00:00:37, Serial1/0
O IA 13.4.0 .0/24 [110/129] vi a 10.1.1 .2, 00:00:37, Serial1/0
O IA 13.7.0 .0/24 [110/129] vi a 10.1.1 .2, 00:00:37, Serial1/0
O IA 13.6.0 .0/24 [110/129] vi a 10.1.1 .2, 00:00:37, Serial1/0
O IA 13.1.0 .0/24 [110/129] vi a 10.1.1 .2, 00:00:38, Serial1/0
O IA 13.0.0 .1/32 [110/129] vi a 10.1.1 .2, 00:00:38, Serial1/0
O IA 13.3.0 .0/24 [110/129] vi a 10.1.1 .2, 00:00:38, Serial1/0
O IA 13.2.0 .0/24 [110/129] vi a 10.1.1 .2, 00:00:38, Serial1/0
//
此时
R1
学习到
R3
的路由信息。
Step4.
配置
OSPF
区域路由汇总：（要对红色字体的路由表进行汇总）
区域汇总就是区域之间的地址汇总，一般
配置在
ABR
上；
通过计算得出汇总的地址是
13.0.0
.0/13
R3
配置如下：
R3(config)#router ospf 9
R3(config-router)#area 51 range 13.0.0 .0 255.248.0.0
R3(config-router)#exit
R3(config)#ip route 13.0.0 .0 255.248.0.0 null0 /
/
避免路由环路
R3(config)#
查看
R1
路由表：
R1#show ip rou
Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF , IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route
Gateway of last resort is not set
1.0.0 .0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 1.1.1 .0 is directly connected, Loopback0
3.0.0 .0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O IA 3.3.3 .3 [110/129] vi a 10.1.1 .2, 00:02:06, Serial1/0
10.0.0 .0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 10.1.1 .0 is directly connected, Serial1/0
11.0.0 .0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O IA 11.1.1 .0 [110/128] vi a 10.1.1 .2, 00:02:06, Serial1/0
13.0.0 .0/13 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O IA 13.0.0 .0 [110/129] vi a 10.1.1 .2, 00:00:35, Serial1/0
//
此时汇总成了一条地址
.
Step5.
配置路由重分发，把
R2
的直连地址发布到
OSPF
区域内：
R2(config)#router ospf 8
R2(config-router)#redistribute connected subnets
R2(config-router)#
查看
R1
路由表：
R1#show ip rou
Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF , IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route
Gateway of last resort is not set
1.0.0 .0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 1.1.1 .0 is directly connected, Loopback0
2.0.0 .0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O E2 2.2.2 .0 [110/20] vi a 10.1.1 .2, 00:00:22, Serial1/0
3.0.0 .0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O IA 3.3.3 .3 [110/129] vi a 10.1.1 .2, 00:00:32, Serial1/0
10.0.0 .0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 10.1.1 .0 is directly connected, Serial1/0
11.0.0 .0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O IA 11.1.1 .0 [110/128] vi a 10.1.1 .2, 00:00:32, Serial1/0
12.0.0 .0/24 is subnetted, 7 subnets
O E2 12.4.0 .0 [110/20] vi a 10.1.1 .2, 00:00:02, Serial1/0
O E2 12.5.0 .0 [110/20] vi a 10.1.1 .2, 00:00:02, Serial1/0
O E2 12.6.0 .0 [110/20] vi a 10.1.1 .2, 00:00:03, Serial1/0
O E2 12.7.0 .0 [110/20] vi a 10.1.1 .2, 00:00:03, Serial1/0
O E2 12.1.0 .0 [110/20] vi a 10.1.1 .2, 00:00:03, Serial1/0
O E2 12.2.0 .0 [110/20] vi a 10.1.1 .2, 00:00:03, Serial1/0
O E2 12.3.0 .0 [110/20] vi a 10.1.1 .2, 00:00:03, Serial1/0
13.0.0 .0/13 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O IA 13.0.0 .0 [110/129] vi a 10.1.1 .2, 00:00:33, Serial1/0
//
对红色字体的路由信息进行汇总
Step6.
配置外部路由汇总
外部路由的汇总在
ASBR
上进行
,
配置如下
汇总的地址为
12.0.0
.0/13
。
R2(config)#router ospf 8
R2(config-router)#summary-address 12.0.0 .0 255.248.0.0
R2(config-router)#end
查看
R3
路由表：
R3#show ip rou
Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF , IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route
Gateway of last resort is not set
2.0.0 .0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O E2 2.2.2 .0 [110/20] vi a 11.1.1 .1, 00:00:22, Serial1/0
3.0.0 .0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 3.3.3 .0 is directly connected, Loopback0
11.0.0 .0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 11.1.1 .0 is directly connected, Serial1/0
12.0.0 .0/13 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O E2 12.0.0 .0 [110/20] vi a 11.1.1 .1, 00:00:22, Serial1/0
//
此时汇总成了一条地址
13.0.0 .0/8 is variably subnetted, 9 subnets, 2 masks
C 13.5.0 .0/24 is directly connected, Loopback1
C 13.4.0 .0/24 is directly connected, Loopback1
C 13.7.0 .0/24 is directly connected, Loopback1
C 13.6.0 .0/24 is directly connected, Loopback1
C 13.1.0 .0/24 is directly connected, Loopback1
C 13.0.0 .0/24 is directly connected, Loopback1
S 13.0.0 .0/13 is directly connected, Null0
C 13.3.0 .0/24 is directly connected, Loopback1
C 13.2.0 .0/24 is directly connected, Loopback1
查看
R1
路由表：
R1#show ip rou
Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF , IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route
Gateway of last resort is not set
1.0.0 .0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 1.1.1 .0 is directly connected, Loopback0
2.0.0 .0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O E2 2.2.2 .0 [110/20] vi a 10.1.1 .2, 00:00:02, Serial1/0
3.0.0 .0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O IA 3.3.3 .3 [110/129] vi a 10.1.1 .2, 00:00:02, Serial1/0
10.0.0 .0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 10.1.1 .0 is directly connected, Serial1/0
11.0.0 .0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O IA 11.1.1 .0 [110/128] vi a 10.1.1 .2, 00:00:02, Serial1/0
12.0.0 .0/13 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O E2 12.0.0 .0 [110/20] vi a 10.1.1 .2, 00:00:02, Serial1/0
13.0.0 .0/13 is subnetted, 1 subnets
//
此时汇总成了一条地址
O IA 13.0.0 .0 [110/129] vi a 10.1.1 .2, 00:00:03, Serial1/0
试验总结：
地址汇总
:
减少泛洪的
LSA
的数量
在
OSPF
中进行汇总。区域汇总和外部路由汇总
区域汇总：
area area-id range ip-address mask
外部路由汇总：
summary-address ip-address mask
配置
OSPF
虚链路
( Config-router)#area
区域号
virtual-link
对方路由
ID
配置辅助地址:（config-if）#ip add IP地址 掩码 secondary注：只有主地址也运行OSPF时，才会通告辅助网络
OSPF把辅助地址看成末梢区域，无法与辅助网络的路由建立邻接关系