nginx整合tomcat

环境：nginx ubuntu ip:10.12.18.112

           tomcat1 ubutu ip:10.12.18.105

           tomcat2 centos ip:10.12.18.127

           client win7 ip:10.12.18.116

安装包：nginx-1.8.0.tar.gz

Nginx 下载：http://nginx.org/en/download.html

解压

sudo tar �Czxf nginx-1.8.0.tar.gz �CC /usr/src

创建用户和组

sudo groupadd �Cg 112 �Cr nginx

sudo useradd �Cu 112 �Cr �Cg 112 nginx

id nginx

uid=112(nginx) gid=112(nginx)groups=112(nginx)

安装nginx编译时所需包

sudo  apt-get install libpcre3 libpcre3-dev

sudo  apt-get install openssl libssl-dev

编译nginx

sudo ./configure  --prefix=/usr/local/nginx  \

--sbin-path=/usr/sbin/nginx  \

--conf-path=/etc/nginx/nginx.conf  \

--error-log-path=/var/log/nginx/error.log  \

--http-log-path=/var/log/nginx/access.log  \

--pid-path=/var/run/nginx.pid  \

--lock-path=/var/lock/nginx.lock  \

--user=nginx  \

--group=nginx  \

--with-http_ssl_module  \

--with-http_flv_module  \

--with-http_stub_status_module  \

--http-client-body-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/client  \

--http-proxy-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/proxy  \

--http-fastcgi-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/fcgi  \

--http-uwsgi-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/uwsgi \

--with-pcre

编译成功

sudo make && make install

启动nginx

sudo  cp /usr/sbin/nginx  /etc/init.d/

sudo  service  nginx

查看端口

sudo netstat �Cnulpt

访问测试

安装包：jdk-8u51-linux-x64.tar.gz  apache-tomcat-8.0.24.tar.gz

Jdk 下载：

http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/javase/downloads/jdk8-downloads-2133151.html

tomcat 下载：

http://tomcat.apache.org/download-80.cgi

安装jdk

sudo tar -zxf jdk-8u51-linux-x64.tar.gz -C/usr/src

sudo mv jdk1.8.0_51 /usr/local/jdk

/usr/local/jdk/bin/java �Cversion

java version "1.8.0_51"

Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build1.8.0_51-b16)

Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (build25.51-b03, mixed mode)

配置环境变量

sudo vim /etc/profile

JAVA_HOME="/usr/local/jdk"

CLASS_PATH="$JAVA_HOME/lib:$JAVA_HOME/jre/lib"

PATH=".:$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin"

CATALINA_HOME="/usr/local/tomcat"

export JAVA_HOME CATALINA_HOME

不知道为何，sudo source /etc/profile之后文件并没有生效，执行java -version显示以下信息：

The program 'java' can be found in thefollowing packages:

 * default-jre

 *gcj-4.8-jre-headless

 *openjdk-7-jre-headless

 *gcj-4.6-jre-headless

 *openjdk-6-jre-headless

Try: sudo apt-get install <selectedpackage>

我重启系统之后/etc/profile文件才生效

我用的虚拟机装的Ubuntu，系统没有预装openjdk

 

验证jdk成功

java -version

java version "1.8.0_51"

Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build1.8.0_51-b16)

Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (build25.51-b03, mixed mode)

安装tomcat

sudo tar -zxf apache-tomcat-8.0.24.tar.gz-C /usr/src/

sudo mv apache-tomcat-8.0.24/usr/local/tomcat

 

启动tomcat

sudo /usr/local/tomcat/bin/startup.sh

错误：我用sudo startup.sh报以下错误，在网上查了很久，也没找到问题所在。。。。

 Neitherthe JAVA_HOME nor the JRE_HOME environment variable is defined

At least one of these environment variableis needed to run this program

错误：后来用普通用户执行startup.sh,只是说没有权限touch文件而已

Using CATALINA_BASE:   /usr/local/tomcat

Using CATALINA_HOME:   /usr/local/tomcat

Using CATALINA_TMPDIR:/usr/local/tomcat/temp

Using JRE_HOME:        /usr/local/jdk

Using CLASSPATH:      /usr/local/tomcat/bin/bootstrap.jar:/usr/local/tomcat/bin/tomcat-juli.jar

touch: cannot touch'/usr/local/tomcat/logs/catalina.out': Permission denied

/usr/local/tomcat/bin/catalina.sh: 401:/usr/local/tomcat/bin/catalina.sh: cannot create/usr/local/tomcat/logs/catalina.out: Permission denied

解决：切换到root用户，tomcat启动成功

su �C root

/usr/local/tomcat/bin/startup.sh

Using CATALINA_BASE:   /usr/local/tomcat

Using CATALINA_HOME:   /usr/local/tomcat

Using CATALINA_TMPDIR:/usr/local/tomcat/temp

Using JRE_HOME:        /usr/local/jdk

Using CLASSPATH:      /usr/local/tomcat/bin/bootstrap.jar:/usr/local/tomcat/bin/tomcat-juli.jar

Tomcat started.

允许访问8080端口

sudo ufw allow 8080

sudo ufw status

Status: active

 

To                         Action      From

--                         ------      ----

22                         ALLOW       Anywhere

8080                       ALLOW       Anywhere

22 (v6)                    ALLOW       Anywhere (v6)

8080 (v6)                  ALLOW       Anywhere (v6)

访问测试http://10.12.18.105:8080/:8080,看到页面即jdk和tomcat安装成功

创建网站存放目录

sudo mkdir /var/www/web/ROOT

更改server.xml文件，在Host name=”localhost”处将appBase=的指向路径改为

/var/www/web

sudo vim /usr/local/tomcat/conf/server.xml

重启tomcat：/usr/local/tomcat/bin/shutdown.sh

创建index.jsp

sudo vim /var/www/web/ROOT/index.jsp

访问测试

Nginx整合tomcat

配置proxy.conf代理参数，让后端tomcat获取访问者的真实IP地址

sudo touch /etc/nginx/proxy.conf

sudo vim proxy.conf

#proxy.conf

proxy_redirect          off;

#后端web服务器可以通过X-Forwarded获取访问者的真实IP

proxy_set_header        Host $host;

proxy_set_header        X-Real-IP $remote_addr;

配置nginx.conf

sudo vim /etc/nginx/nginx.conf

#user nobody;

#启动进程，设置成和CPU的数量相等

worker_processes  1;

 

#全局错误日志及PID文件

error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log  info;

pid       /var/run/nginx.pid;

 

events {

   #epoll 是多路复用IO中的一种方式，仅限于Linux2.6以上内核，可以提高nginx性能

   use epoll;

    #单个后台workerprocess进程的最大并发连接数

   worker_connections  1024;

}

 

#设定http服务器，利用反向代理功能提供负载均衡支持

http {

   include       mime.types;

default_type  application/octet-stream;

#读取proxy.conf文件

   include     /etc/nginx/proxy.conf;

 

    #设定日志格式

   access_log /var/log/nginx/access.log;

 

    #设定请求缓冲

   server_names_hash_bucket_size      128;

   client_header_buffer_size          32K;

   large_client_header_buffers        4 32k;

   client_max_body_size               8m;

   sendfile    on;

   tcp_nopush  on;

 

    #连接超时时间

   keepalive_timeout   60;

   tcp_nodelay         on;

 

   server {

       listen       80;

       #定义用nginx.server.com来访问

       server_name  nginx.server.com;

 

       #定义首页索引文件的名称

       index index.html index.jsp;

 

 

       #静态文件nginx自己处理

       location ~ .*\.(flash|javascript|css|static|images|media)$

       {

            #过期30天

            expires    30d;

        }

 

       #jsp页面全部转发到tomcat处理

       location ~.*.jsp$ {

            #网站存放目录位置

            root /var/www/web/ROOT;

            #转向tomcat处理

            proxy_pass http://10.12.18.105:8080;

       }

 

       #查看nginx状态

       location  /NginxStatus  {

           stub_status         on;

           access_log          on;

       }

 

       #定义错误页面提示

       error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;

       location = /50x.html {

           root   html;

       }

 

    }

 

}

检查配置文件是否正确

sudo  service nginx  -t    

nginx: the configuration file/etc/nginx/nginx.conf syntax is ok

nginx: configuration file/etc/nginx/nginx.conf test is successful

重新加载nginx

sudo service nginx -s reload

访问测试

这里可以在tomcat1上看到IP地址10.12.18.112(nginx)来访问，并没有显示客户端的真实的

Ip,需要更改tomcat的server.xml文件

sudo vim /usr/local/tomcat/conf/server.xml

将%h修改为%{X-Real-IP}i，下图已经修改好

查看日志，已经是客户端的真实IP地址了

安装tomcat2，和tomcat1步骤一样

Centos已经预装的jdk, 系统默认使用的是以下这个，而不是我们装的oracle的jdk

java -version

java version "1.7.0_09-icedtea"

OpenJDK Runtime Environment(rhel-2.3.4.1.el6_3-x86_64)

OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM (build 23.2-b09,mixed mode)

 

安装jdk

sudo tar -zxf jdk-8u51-linux-x64.tar.gz -C/usr/src

sudo mv jdk1.8.0_51 /usr/local/jdk

配置环境变量,记得重启系统或者source /etc/profile生效

vim /etc/profile

JAVA_HOME="/usr/local/jdk"

CLASS_PATH="$JAVA_HOME/lib:$JAVA_HOME/jre/lib"

PATH=".:$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin"

CATALINA_HOME="/usr/local/tomcat"

export JAVA_HOME CATALINA_HOME

通知系统使用安装的jdk

update-alternatives  --install  /usr/bin/java  java /usr/local/jdk/bin/java 300

update-alternatives  --install  /usr/bin/javac  javac /usr/local/jdk/bin/javac 300

update-alternatives --config java

There are 4 programs which provide 'java'.

 Selection    Command

-----------------------------------------------

*+ 1          /usr/lib/jvm/jre-1.7.0-openjdk.x86_64/bin/java

  2          /usr/lib/jvm/jre-1.6.0-openjdk.x86_64/bin/java

  3          /usr/lib/jvm/jre-1.5.0-gcj/bin/java

  4          /usr/local/jdk/bin/java

 Enter to keep the current selection[+], ortype selection number: 4

update-alternatives --config javac

There are 3 programs which provide 'javac'.

 Selection    Command

-----------------------------------------------

  1           /usr/lib/jvm/java-1.6.0-openjdk.x86_64/bin/javac

* 2          /usr/lib/jvm/java-1.7.0-openjdk.x86_64/bin/javac

  3          /usr/local/jdk/bin/javac

 Enter to keep the current selection[+], ortype selection number: 3

测试验证

java -version

java version "1.8.0_51"

Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build1.8.0_51-b16)

Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (build25.51-b03, mixed mode)

安装tomcat

tar -zxf apache-tomcat-8.0.24.tar.gz -C/usr/src/

mv apache-tomcat-8.0.24 /usr/local/tomcat

创建网页存放目录

mkdir -p /var/www/web/ROOT

vim /usr/local/tomcat/conf/server.xml

启动tomcat2

/usr/local/tomcat/bin/startup.sh

Using CATALINA_BASE:   /usr/local/tomcat

Using CATALINA_HOME:   /usr/local/tomcat

Using CATALINA_TMPDIR:/usr/local/tomcat/temp

Using JRE_HOME:        /usr/local/jdk

Using CLASSPATH:      /usr/local/tomcat/bin/bootstrap.jar:/usr/local/tomcat/bin/tomcat-juli.jar

Tomcat started.

 

创建访问页面

vim  /var/www/web/ROOT/index.jsp

访问测试

修改nginx.conf 做负载均衡

root@nginx:/var/log/nginx# cat/etc/nginx/nginx.conf

 

#user nobody;

 

#启动进程，设置成和CPU的数量相等

worker_processes  1;

 

#全局错误日志及PID文件

error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log  debug;

pid       /var/run/nginx.pid;

 

events {

   #epoll 是多路复用IO中的一种方式，仅限于Linux2.6以上内核，可以提高nginx性能

   use epoll;

    #单个后台workerprocess进程的最大并发连接数

   worker_connections  1024;

}

 

#设定http服务器，利用反向代理功能提供负载均衡支持

http {

   include       mime.types;

   default_type application/octet-stream;

   include     /etc/nginx/proxy.conf;

 

    #设定日志格式

   access_log /var/log/nginx/access.log;

 

    #设定请求缓冲

   server_names_hash_bucket_size      128;

   client_header_buffer_size          32K;

   large_client_header_buffers        4 32k;

   client_max_body_size               8m;

   sendfile    on;

   tcp_nopush  on;

 

    #连接超时时间

   keepalive_timeout   60;

   tcp_nodelay         on;

 

    #设定负载均衡的服务器列表

   upstream tomcat {

       #weight参数表示权值，权值越高被分配到的几率越大

       server 10.12.18.127:8080 weight=2;

       server 10.12.18.105:8080 weight=1;

       }

 

   server {

       listen       80;

       #定义用nginx.server.com来访问

       server_name  nginx.server.com;

 

       #定义首页索引文件的名称

       index index.html index.jsp;

 

       #静态文件nginx自己处理

       location ~ .*\.(flash|javascript|css|static|images|media)$

       {

            #过期30天

            expires    30d;

       }

 

       #jsp页面全部转发到tomcat处理

       location ~.*.jsp$ {

            root /var/www/web/ROOT;

            #转向tomcat处理

             proxy_pass  http://tomcat;

       }

 

       #查看nginx状态

       location  /NginxStatus  {

           stub_status         on;

           access_log          on;

       }

 

       #定义错误页面提示

       error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;

        location = /50x.html {

           root   html;

       }

 

       location = /favicon.iso {

           log_not_found off;

       }

 

    }

 

}

增加客户端hosts记录来解析nginx.server.com

路径C:\Windows\System32\drivers\etc

最终测试OK