linux 网卡模式设置 mii-tool 和ethtool
mii-tool
更改网络接口协商的方法；
# mii-tool --help
usage: mii-tool [-VvRrwl] [-A media,... | -F media] [interface ...]
-v, --verbose more verbose output 注：显示网络接口的信息；
-R, --reset reset MII to poweron state 注：重设MII到开启状态；
-r, --restart restart autonegotiation 注：重启自动协商模式；
-w, --watch monitor for link status changes 注：查看网络接口连接的状态变化；
-l, --log with -w, write events to syslog 注：写入事件到系统日志；
-A, --advertise=media,... advertise only specified media 注：指令特定的网络接口；
-F, --force=media force specified media technology 注：更改网络接口协商方式；
media: 100baseT4, 100baseTx-FD, 100baseTx-HD, 10baseT-FD, 10baseT-HD,
(to advertise both HD and FD) 100baseTx, 10baseT
usage: mii-tool [-VvRrwl] [-A media,... | -F media] [interface ...]
-v, --verbose more verbose output 注：显示网络接口的信息；
-R, --reset reset MII to poweron state 注：重设MII到开启状态；
-r, --restart restart autonegotiation 注：重启自动协商模式；
-w, --watch monitor for link status changes 注：查看网络接口连接的状态变化；
-l, --log with -w, write events to syslog 注：写入事件到系统日志；
-A, --advertise=media,... advertise only specified media 注：指令特定的网络接口；
-F, --force=media force specified media technology 注：更改网络接口协商方式；
media: 100baseT4, 100baseTx-FD, 100baseTx-HD, 10baseT-FD, 10baseT-HD,
(to advertise both HD and FD) 100baseTx, 10baseT
＊
实例一：查看网络接口的协商状态；
[root@localhost ~]# mii-tool -v eth0
eth0: negotiated 100baseTx-FD, link ok
product info: vendor 00:00:00, model 0 rev 0
basic mode:
autonegotiation enabled
basic status: autonegotiation complete, link ok
capabilities: 100baseTx-FD 100baseTx-HD 10baseT-FD 10baseT-HD
advertising: 100baseTx-FD 100baseTx-HD 10baseT-FD 10baseT-HD
link partner: 100baseTx-FD 100baseTx-HD 10baseT-FD 10baseT-HD flow-control
注
：上面的例子，我们可以看得到是自动协商。注意红字的部份；
＊
实例二：更改网络接口协商方式；
更改网络接口的协商方式，我们要用到－F选项，后面可以接 100baseT4, 100baseTx-FD, 100baseTx-HD, 10baseT-FD, 10baseT-HD等参数；
如果我们想把网络接口eth0改为 1000Mb/s全双工的模式应该怎么办呢？
[root@localhost ~]# mii-tool -F 100baseTx-FD
[root@localhost ~]#mii-tool -v eth0
eth0: 100 Mbit, full duplex, link ok
product info: vendor 00:00:00, model 0 rev 0
basic mode:
100 Mbit, full duplex
basic status: link ok
capabilities: 100baseTx-FD 100baseTx-HD 10baseT-FD 10baseT-HD
advertising: 100baseTx-FD 100baseTx-HD 10baseT-FD 10baseT-HD
注：是不是已经改过来了？当然，我们也一样用ethtool 工具来更改，比如执行下面的命令；
[root@localhost ~]# ethtool -s eth0 speed 100 duplex full
0 2 、 ethtool 工具关于网络协商功能介绍；
ethtool - Display or change ethernet card settings（ethtool 是用来显示和更改网卡设置的工具）；这个工具比较复杂，功能也特别多。由于洋文比较难懂。所以我们还是把网络设备协商方式的设置方法说一说。
2.1 ethtool 显示网络端口设置功能；
这个功能比较好办。就是ethtool 后面直接接网�接口就行；比如下面的例子；
[root@localhost ~]# ethtool eth0
Settings for eth0:
Supported ports: [ TP MII ]
Supported link modes: 10baseT/Half 10baseT/Full
100baseT/Half 100baseT/Full
Supports auto-negotiation: Yes
Advertised link modes: 10baseT/Half 10baseT/Full
100baseT/Half 100baseT/Full
Advertised auto-negotiation: No 注：自动协商关闭
Speed: 100Mb/s 注：速度 100Mb
Duplex: Full 注：全双工
Port: MII
PHYAD: 32
Transceiver: internal
Auto-negotiation: off
Supports Wake-on: pumbg
Wake-on: d
Current message level: 0x00000007 (7)
Link detected: yes 注：eth0已经激活；
Settings for eth0:
Supported ports: [ TP MII ]
Supported link modes: 10baseT/Half 10baseT/Full
100baseT/Half 100baseT/Full
Supports auto-negotiation: Yes
Advertised link modes: 10baseT/Half 10baseT/Full
100baseT/Half 100baseT/Full
Advertised auto-negotiation: No 注：自动协商关闭
Speed: 100Mb/s 注：速度 100Mb
Duplex: Full 注：全双工
Port: MII
PHYAD: 32
Transceiver: internal
Auto-negotiation: off
Supports Wake-on: pumbg
Wake-on: d
Current message level: 0x00000007 (7)
Link detected: yes 注：eth0已经激活；
2.2 ethtool 设置网卡的协商模式；
在ethtool的-h帮助中我们查看到有这样的帮助信息；
ethtool -s DEVNAME
[ speed 10|100|1000 ]
[ duplex half|full ]
[ port tp|aui|bnc|mii|fibre ]
[ autoneg on|off ]
ethtool -s DEVNAME
[ speed 10|100|1000 ]
[ duplex half|full ]
[ port tp|aui|bnc|mii|fibre ]
[ autoneg on|off ]
＊
实例一： 把网卡eth0 速度改为10Mb/s，采用半双工；
[root@cuc03 beinan]# ethtool -s eth1 speed 10 duplex half
[root@cuc03 beinan]# ethtool eth1
Settings for eth1:
Supported ports: [ TP MII ]
Supported link modes: 10baseT/Half 10baseT/Full
100baseT/Half 100baseT/Full
Supports auto-negotiation: Yes
Advertised link modes: 10baseT/Half 10baseT/Full
100baseT/Half 100baseT/Full
Advertised auto-negotiation: No
Speed: 10Mb/s 注：速度 10M/s
Duplex: Half 注：半双工
Port: MII
PHYAD: 32
Transceiver: internal
Auto-negotiation: off
Supports Wake-on: pumbg
Wake-on: d
Current message level: 0x00000007 (7)
Link detected: no 注：eth1没有激活；
＊
实例二： 把网卡eth0 速度改为100Mb/s，采用全双工；
[root@cuc03 beinan]# ethtool -s eth1 speed 100 duplex full
[root@cuc03 beinan]# ethtool eth1
Settings for eth1:
Supported ports: [ TP MII ]
Supported link modes: 10baseT/Half 10baseT/Full
100baseT/Half 100baseT/Full
Supports auto-negotiation: Yes
Advertised link modes: 10baseT/Half 10baseT/Full
100baseT/Half 100baseT/Full
Advertised auto-negotiation: No
Speed: 100Mb/s 注：速度 100M/s
Duplex: Full 注：全双工
Port: MII
PHYAD: 32
Transceiver: internal
Auto-negotiation: off
Supports Wake-on: pumbg
Wake-on: d
Current message level: 0x00000007 (7)
Link detected: no 注：eth1网卡没有激活；