Nginx 负载均衡 配置全过程

Nginx平台搭建：Nginx+mysql+php-fpm搭建高性能Nginx平台

前端Nginx：192.168.93.137

后端web1：192.168.93.138

后端web2：192.168.93.139

前端nginx配置：

http {       ……         client_max_body_size 300m;         client_body_buffer_size 128k;         proxy_connect_timeout 600;         proxy_read_timeout 600;         proxy_send_timeout 600;         proxy_buffer_size 16k;         proxy_buffers 4 32k;         proxy_busy_buffers_size 64k;         proxy_temp_file_write_size 64k;        upstream  www.lihuipeng.com  {                #server   192.168.93.137:80;                server   192.168.93.138:80;                server   192.168.93.139:80;        }        upstream  www.lihuipeng007.com  {                #server   192.168.93.137:80;                server   192.168.93.138:80;                server   192.168.93.139:80;        }       server        {                listen  80;                server_name  www.lihuipeng.com;                location / {                         proxy_pass        http://www.lihuipeng.com;                         proxy_set_header   Host             $host;                         proxy_set_header   X-Real-IP        $remote_addr;                         proxy_set_header   X-Forwarded-For  $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;                }                log_format  lihuipeng  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] $request '                                  '"$status" $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '                                  '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';                access_log  /home/logs/www.lihuipeng.log  lihuipeng;        }       server        {                listen  80;                server_name  www.lihuipeng007.com;                location / {                         proxy_pass        http://www.lihuipeng007.com;                         proxy_set_header   Host             $host;                         proxy_set_header   X-Real-IP        $remote_addr;                         proxy_set_header   X-Forwarded-For  $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;                }                log_format  lihuipeng007  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] $request '                                  '"$status" $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '                                  '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';                access_log  /home/logs/www.lihuipeng.log  lihuipeng007;        } }

通过upstream  名字 {}定义后端web的负载机器，然后在虚拟主机中通过 proxy_pass http://名字; 来使用upstream，再自定义一下日志格式，以获取用户的IP

后端web配置：

server         {                 listen       80;                 server_name www.lihuipeng.com;                 index index.html index.php;                 root  /home/www/www.lihuipeng.com;                 access_log  /home/logs/access_www.lihuipeng.com.log;                 if (-d $request_filename){                         rewrite ^/(.*)([^/])$ http://$host/$1$2/ permanent;                 }                 error_page   500 502 503 504 404 403 http://www.lihuipeng.com;                 location ~ .*\.(gif|jpg|jpeg|png|bmp|swf)$ {                         expires 30d;                 }                 location ~ .*\.(js|css)?$ {                         expires 6h;                 }                 location ~ .*\.(log|txt)$                 {                         deny all;                 }                 location ~ .*\.(php)?$                 {                         fastcgi_pass  127.0.0.1:9000;                         fastcgi_index index.php;                         include fcgi.conf;                 }         }           server         {                 listen       80;                 server_name www.lihuipeng007.com;                 index index.html index.php;                 root  /home/www/www.lihuipeng007.com;                 access_log  /home/logs/access_www.lihuipeng007.com.log;                 if (-d $request_filename){                         rewrite ^/(.*)([^/])$ http://$host/$1$2/ permanent;                 }                 error_page   500 502 503 504 404 403 http://www.lihuipeng007.com;                 location ~ .*\.(gif|jpg|jpeg|png|bmp|swf)$ {                         expires 30d;                 }                 location ~ .*\.(js|css)?$ {                         expires 6h;                 }                 location ~ .*\.(log|txt)$                 {                         deny all;                 }                 location ~ .*\.(php)?$                 {                         fastcgi_pass  127.0.0.1:9000;                         fastcgi_index index.php;                         include fcgi.conf;                 }         }

这样一个简单的nginx负载均衡就完成！

PS：Nginx负载的五种模式，也就是upstream的模式

1　轮询（默认）
每个请求按时间顺序逐一分配到不同的后端服务器，如果后端服务器down掉，能自
动剔除。
2　weight
指定轮询几率，weight和访问比率成正比，用于后端服务器性能不均的情况。

upstream www.lihuipeng.com { server 192.168.93.138 weight=10; server 192.168.93.139 weight=10; }

3　ip_hash
每个请求按访问ip的hash结果分配，这样每个访客固定访问一个后端服务器，可以
解决session的问题。

upstream www.lihuipeng.com{ ip_hash; server 192.168.93.138:80; server 192.168.93.139:80; }

4　fair（第三方）
按后端服务器的响应时间来分配请求，响应时间短的优先分配。
5　url_hash（第三方）
按访问url的hash结果来分配请求，使每个url定向到同一个后端服务器，后端服务
器为缓存时比较有效。

upstream www.lihuipeng.com{ server 192.168.93.138:80; server 192.168.93.139:80; hash $request_uri; hash_method crc32; }

用得比较多得应该是第3、5这两种吧！

后端的web文件同步有很多选择了，可以做nfs、rsync等！