linux下使用fdisk进行分区
在linux系统下面经常要使用到fdisk对硬盘进行分区
一、查看系统硬盘信息
[root@zabbix-c1 ~]# fdisk -l Disk /dev/sda: 214.7 GB, 214748364800 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 26108 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00049d20 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 * 1 26 204800 83 Linux Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary. /dev/sda2 26 281 2048000 82 Linux swap / Solaris Partition 2 does not end on cylinder boundary. /dev/sda3 281 26109 207461376 83 Linux Disk /dev/sdb: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2610 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 Disk /dev/sdc: 3221.2 GB, 3221225472000 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 391625 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000
二、通过查看结果可以看到，系统中有3块硬盘，分别是/dev/sda,/dev/sdb,/dev/sdc。
对/dev/sdb进行分区
[root@zabbix-c1 ~]# fdisk /dev/sdb
Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel
Building a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0xc1760957.
Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
After that, of course, the previous content won't be recoverable.
Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)
WARNING: DOS-compatible mode is deprecated. It's strongly recommended to
switch off the mode (command 'c') and change display units to
sectors (command 'u').
#输入m显示帮助信息
Command (m for help): m
Command action
a toggle a bootable flag
b edit bsd disklabel
c toggle the dos compatibility flag
d delete a partition
l list known partition types
m print this menu
n add a new partition
o create a new empty DOS partition table
p print the partition table
q quit without saving changes
s create a new empty Sun disklabel
t change a partition's system id
u change display/entry units
v verify the partition table
w write table to disk and exit
x extra functionality (experts only)
#输入n创建一个新分区
Command (m for help): n
Command action
e extended #表示扩展分区
p primary partition (1-4) #表示主分区
#输入p，创建主分区
p
Partition number (1-4): 1 #输入主分区标号，最多只能有4个主分区
First cylinder (1-2610, default 1):
Using default value 1
#输入+200M，表示创建一个200M的分区
Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (1-2610, default 2610): +200M
#输入p查看分区信息
Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/sdb: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2610 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0xc1760957
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdb1 1 26 208813+ 83 Linux
#输入w，将分区信息写入磁盘中
Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered!
Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.
通过fdisk再次查看硬盘信息，查看是否有新创建的硬盘存在。
[root@zabbix-c1 ~]# fdisk -l Disk /dev/sda: 214.7 GB, 214748364800 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 26108 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00049d20 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 * 1 26 204800 83 Linux Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary. /dev/sda2 26 281 2048000 82 Linux swap / Solaris Partition 2 does not end on cylinder boundary. /dev/sda3 281 26109 207461376 83 Linux Disk /dev/sdb: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2610 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0xc1760957 #刚才对/dev/sdb创建的200M分区已显示出来 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sdb1 1 26 208813+ 83 Linux Disk /dev/sdc: 3221.2 GB, 3221225472000 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 391625 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000
将分区挂载到/data目录下
#将分区格式化成ext4文件系统 [root@zabbix-c1 ~]# mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdb1 mke2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010) Filesystem label= OS type: Linux Block size=1024 (log=0) Fragment size=1024 (log=0) Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks 52208 inodes, 208812 blocks 10440 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user First data block=1 Maximum filesystem blocks=67371008 26 block groups 8192 blocks per group, 8192 fragments per group 2008 inodes per group Superblock backups stored on blocks: 8193, 24577, 40961, 57345, 73729, 204801 Writing inode tables: done Creating journal (4096 blocks): done Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done This filesystem will be automatically checked every 39 mounts or 180 days, whichever comes first. Use tune2fs -c or -i to override. 创建挂载目录并挂载 [root@zabbix-c1 ~]# mkdir /data [root@zabbix-c1 ~]# mount /dev/sdb1 /data 3查看挂载后的结果 [root@zabbix-c1 ~]# df -h Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/sda3 195G 1.4G 184G 1% / tmpfs 495M 0 495M 0% /dev/shm /dev/sda1 194M 28M 156M 16% /boot /dev/sdb1 198M 5.8M 182M 4% /data #新创建的200M分区已经能够使用