使用“ntbackup”命令通过命令行或批处理文件备份文件或文件夹的方法。
命令行范例
以下范例说明了使用“ntbackup”命令通过命令行或批处理文件备份文件或文件夹的方法。
范例 1:
ntbackup backup \\iggy-multi\c$ /m normal /j "My Job 1 " /p "Backup " /n "Command Line Backup 1 " /d "Command Line Functionality " /v:yes /r:no /l:s /rs:no /hc:on
该范例将执行名称为“My Job 1”的远程共享 \\iggy-multi\c$ 的正常备份。它将从媒体池取出一个磁带，并将其命名为“Command Line Backup 1”。对该备份作业的描述将是“Command Line Functionality”。只要完成备份作业就验证备份，访问权将不限于所有者/管理员，日志级别设成仅记录摘要，不备份远程存储数据，并且启用硬件压缩。
范例 2:
ntbackup backup d:\ /j "My Job 2 " /a /t "Command Line Backup 1 " /m copy
该范例将执行本地驱动器 D:\ 中名为“My Job 2”的副本备份。将备份的文件和文件夹附加在名为“Command Line Backup 1”的磁带上。所有其他选项将采用“备份”程序的默认值。
范例 3:
ntbackup backup "@C:\Program Files\Windows NT\ntbackup\data\commandline.bks " /j "My Job 3 " /t "Command Line Backup 1 " /n "Command Line Backup 2 "
该范例将使用在备份程序中指定的备份类型执行备份。它将使用位于 C:\Program Files\Windows NT\ntbackup\data\ 目录中名为 Commandline.bks 的备份选项文件来选择所要备份的文件。此项备份作业将命名为“My Job 3”，并以新名称“Command Line Backup 2”覆盖名为“Command Line Backup 1”的磁带。
范例 4:
ntbackup backup \\iggy-multi\d$ /j "Command Line Backup 4 " /f "D:\backup.bkf "
ntbackup backup \\iggy-multi\d$ /j "Command Line Backup 5 " /f "D:\backup.bkf " /a
ntbackup backup \\iggy-multi\d$ /j "Command Line Backup 6 " /f "D:\backup.bkf "
以上范例说明了使用命令行向文件中备份的方法。三个范例使用了包括备份类型、验证设置、日志级别、硬盘压缩和其他限制条件在内的备份程序默认值。第一个范例说明将 \\iggy-multi\d$ 备份到文件 D:\Backup.bkf 的方法，第二个范例说明了向同一文件附加同一备份的方法。第三个范例说明了使用相同备份覆盖文件的方法。在所有这三个范例中，完整的 UNC 名称可以替代驱动器号（即用户将 \\iggy-multi\d$\backup.bkf 而不是 d:\backup.bkf 指定为备份目标）。
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付官方说明
Ntbackup
Perform backup operations at a command prompt or from a batch file using the ntbackup command followed by various parameters.
Syntax
ntbackup backup [systemstate] " @ FileName .bks " /J { " JobName "} [ /P { " PoolName "}] [ /G { " GUIDName "}] [ /T { " TapeName "}] [ /N { " MediaName "}] [ /F { " FileName "}] [ /D { " SetDescription "}] [ /DS { " ServerName "}] [ /IS { " ServerName "}] [ /A] [ /V:{ yes | no}] [ /R:{ yes | no}] [ /L:{ f | s | n}] [ /M { BackupType}] [ /RS:{ yes | no}] [ /HC:{ on | off}] [ /SNAP:{ on | off}]
Parameters
- systemstate
- Specifies that you want to back up the System State data. When you select this option, the backup type will be forced to normal or copy.
- @ FileName .bks
- Specifies the name of the backup selection file (.bks file) to be used for this backup operation. The at (@) character must precede the name of the backup selection file. A backup selection file contains information on the files and folders you have selected for backup. You have to create the file using the graphical user interface (GUI) version of Backup.
- /J { " JobName "}
- Specifies the job name to be used in the backup report. The job name usually describes the files and folders you are backing up in the current backup job.
- /P { " PoolName "}
- Specifies the media pool from which you want to use media. This is usually a subpool of the Backup media pool, such as 4mm DDS. If you select this you cannot use the /A, /G, /F, or /T command-line options.
- /G { " GUIDName "}
- Overwrites or appends to this tape. Do not use this switch in conjunction with /P.
- /T { " TapeName "}
- Overwrites or appends to this tape. Do not use this switch in conjunction with /P.
- /N { " MediaName "}
- Specifies the new tape name. You must not use /A with this switch.
- /F { " FileName "}
- Logical disk path and file name. You must not use the following switches with this switch: /P /G /T.
- /D { " SetDescription "}
- Specifies a label for each backup set.
- /DS { " ServerName "}
- Backs up the directory service file for the specified Microsoft Exchange Server.
- /IS { " ServerName "}
- Backs up the Information Store file for the specified Microsoft Exchange Server.
- /A
- Performs an append operation. Either /G or /T must be used in conjunction with this switch. Do not use this switch in conjunction with /P.
- /V:{ yes | no}
- Verifies the data after the backup is complete.
- /R:{ yes | no}
- Restricts access to this tape to the owner or members of the Administrators group.
- /L:{ f | s | n}
- Specifies the type of log file: f=full, s=summary, n=none (no log file is created).
- /M { BackupType}
- Specifies the backup type. It must be one of the following: normal, copy, differential, incremental, or daily.
- /RS:{ yes | no}
- Backs up the migrated data files located in Remote Storage. The /RS command-line option is not required to back up the local Removable Storage database (that contains the Remote Storage placeholder files). When you backup the %systemroot% folder, Backup automatically backs up the Removable Storage database as well.
- /HC:{ on | off}
- Uses hardware compression, if available, on the tape drive.
- /SNAP:{ on | off}
- Specifies whether or not the backup should use a volume shadow copy.
- /M { BackupType}
- Specifies the backup type. It must be one of the following: normal, copy, differential, incremental, or daily.
- /?
- Displays help at the command prompt.
Remarks
- You cannot restore files from the command line using the ntbackup command.
- The following command-line options default to what you have already set using the graphical user interface (GUI) version of Backup unless they are changed by a command-line option: /V /R /L /M /RS /HC. For example, if hardware compression is turned on in the Options dialog box in Backup, it will be used if /HC is not specified on the command line. However, if you specify /HC:off at the command line, it overrides the Option dialog box setting and compression is not used.
- If you have Windows Media Services running on your computer, and you want to back up the files associated with these services, see "Running Backup with Windows Media Services" in the Windows Media Services online documentation. You must follow the procedures outlined in the Windows Media Services online documentation before you can back up or restore files associated with Windows Media Services.
- You can only back up the System State data on a local computer. You cannot back up the System State data on a remote computer
- If you are using Removable Storage to manage media, or you are using the Remote Storage to store data, then you should regularly back up the files that are in the following folders:
Systemroot \System32\Ntmsdata
Systemroot \System32\Remotestorage
This ensures that all Removable Storage and Remote Storage data can be restored.
Examples
Following are four examples of how you can use the ntbackup command.
To perform a normal backup
The following example performs a normal backup named "My Job 1" of the remote share \\iggy-multi\c$. This example pulls a tape from the Backup media pool, and name the tape "Command Line Backup 1." The description of the backup job is "Command Line Functionality." The backup is verified after the backup job is complete, access is not restricted to the owner/administrator, the logging level is set to summary only, Remote Storage data is not backed up, and hardware compression is enabled.
ntbackup backup \\iggy-multi\c$ /m normal /j "My Job 1" /p "Backup" /n "Command Line Backup 1" /d "Command Line Functionality" /v:yes /r:no /l:s /rs:no /hc:on
To perform a copy backup
The following example performs a copy backup named "My Job 2" of the local drive D:\. The backed up files and folders are appended to the tape named "Command Line Backup 1." All other options default to those specified in the Backup program.
ntbackup backup d:\ /j "My Job 2" /a /t "Command Line Backup 1" /m copy
To perform a backup using the backup type specified in Backup
The following example performs a backup using the backup type that is specified in the Backup program. It uses the backup selection file named Commandline.bks, located in the C:\Program Files\Windows NT\ntbackup\data\ directory to choose which files to backup. The backup job is named "My Job 3" and it overwrites the tape named "Command Line Backup 1" with the new name "Command Line Backup 2."
ntbackup backup "@C:\Program Files\Windows NT\ntbackup\data\commandline.bks" /j "My Job 3" /t "Command Line Backup 1" /n "Command Line Backup 2"
To perform a backup to a file from the command line
The following examples show how to perform a backup to a file from the command line. All three examples use the Backup program's default values for the backup type, verification setting, logging level, hardware compression, and any other restrictions. The first example shows how to backup \\iggy-multi\d$ to the file D:\Backup.bkf. The second example shows how to append the same backup to the same file. The third example shows how to overwrite the file with the same backup. In all three examples a complete UNC name could be substituted for the drive letter (that is, instead of d:\backup.bkf, the user could specify \\iggy-multi\d$\backup.bkf as the backup destination).
ntbackup backup \\iggy-multi\d$ /j "Command Line Backup 4" /f "D:\backup.bkf"
ntbackup backup \\iggy-multi\d$ /j "Command Line Backup 5" /f "D:\backup.bkf" /a
ntbackup backup \\iggy-multi\d$ /j "Command Line Backup 6" /f "D:\backup.bkf"
Formatting legend
| Format | Meaning |
|---|---|
| Italic | Information that the user must supply |
| Bold | Elements that the user must type exactly as shown |
| Ellipsis (...) | Parameter that can be repeated several times in a command line |
| Between brackets ([]) | Optional items |
| Between braces ({}); choices separated by pipe (|). Example: {even|odd} | Set of choices from which the user must choose only one |
Courier font |
Code or program output |