修改ORACLE数据库字符集

查看数据库的字符集
sqlplus system/manager
col parameter for a40
col value for a40
set lines 200
select * from nls_database_parameters where PARAMETER='NLS_CHARACTERSET';
ZHS16GBK

如不对可按以下方法修改（建议先备份）
1.SHUTDOWN IMMEDIATE;   -- or NORMAL
2.<do a full backup>
3.STARTUP MOUNT;
ALTER SYSTEM ENABLE RESTRICTED SESSION;
ALTER SYSTEM SET JOB_QUEUE_PROCESSES=0;
ALTER SYSTEM SET AQ_TM_PROCESSES=0;
ALTER DATABASE OPEN;
ALTER DATABASE CHARACTER SET ZHS16GBK;
ALTER DATABASE CHARACTER SET INTERNAL_USE ZHS16GBK;
4.SHUTDOWN IMMEDIATE;   -- or NORMAL
5.STARTUP;
6.col parameter for a40
col value for a40
set lines 200
select * from nls_database_parameters where PARAMETER='NLS_CHARACTERSET';