Trunk和单臂路由

实验报告
Trunk 和单臂路由
 
一、实验环境
硬件环境: PC 机一台;
软件环境: Packet Tracer v5.0
二、项目需求
根据 Benet 通信公司的组织结构图为公司组建网络实现信息化办公。要求:
1. 用户公司需要连接内部网络,各部门员工的终端能实现连通。
2. 所有公司员工都能访问远程分支机构。
3. 公司财务部的数据很重要,不希望其他部门的员工访问到。
组织结构图
三、项目设计
Benet 通信公司的全部的地址空间是 192.168.10.0/24 192.168.11.0/24` 远程分支机构的 IP 地址段是 192.168.20.0/24 ,与本端接口的 IP 192.168.20.2/30
IP 子网地址规划
部门
地址空间
所属 Vlan
总经理
192.168.11.162/27
Vlan50
副总经理
192.168.11.163/27
Vlan50
销售部
192.168.10.0/25
Vlan10
市场部
192.168.10.128/25
Vlan20
技术支持部
192.168.11.0/25
Vlan30
人事行政部
192.168.11.128/27
Vlan40
财务部
192.168.11.160/27
Vlan50
 
路由器接口 IP 地址规划
路由器接口
IP 地址空间
用途
路由器对外接口地址
192.168.20.1/30
Fa0/1
路由器内部接口地址
192.168.10.1/25
Fa0/0.1 Vlan 10 网关
192.168.10.129/25
Fa0/0.2 Vlan 20 网关
192.168.11.1/25
Fa0/0.3 Vlan 30 网关
192.168.11.129/27
Fa0/0.4 Vlan 40 网关
192.168.11.161/27
Fa0/0.5 Vlan 50 网关
 
端口规划
设备名称
接口
用途
接口类型
R1
Fastethernet0/0
连接 SW1
Trunk 接口
Fastethernet0/1
连接远程分支机构
路由接口
SW1
Fastethernet0/1
连接 R1
Trunk 接口
Fastethernet0/2
连接 SW2
Trunk 接口
Fastethernet0/3
连接 SW3
Trunk 接口
Fastethernet0/4
连接 SW4
Trunk 接口
Fastethernet0/5
连接 SW5
Trunk 接口
Fastethernet0/6
连接总经理 PC
Access 接口, Vlan50
Fastethernet0/7
连接副总经理 PC
Access 接口, Vlan50
Fastethernet0/11~30
连接用户 PC
Access 接口, Vlan10
Fastethernet0/31~45
连接用户 PC
Access 接口, Vlan20
SW2
Fastethernet0/1
连接 SW1
Trunk 接口
Fastethernet0/6~40
连接用户 PC
Access 接口, Vlan10
Fastethernet0/41~48
连接用户 PC
Access 接口, Vlan20
SW3
Fastethernet0/1
连接 SW1
Trunk 接口
Fastethernet0/6~10
连接用户 PC
Access 接口, Vlan10
Fastethernet0/11~47
连接用户 PC
Access 接口, Vlan20
SW4
Fastethernet0/1
连接 SW1
Trunk 接口
Fastethernet0/6~35
连接用户 PC
Access 接口, Vlan30
Fastethernet0/36~45
连接用户 PC
Access 接口, Vlan40
SW5
Fastethernet0/1
连接 SW1
Trunk 接口
Fastethernet0/6~35
连接用户 PC
Access 接口, Vlan30
Fastethernet0/36~45
连接用户 PC
Access 接口, Vlan50
 
交换机配置数据
序号
需要配置的参数
内容
1
主机名
SW1 SW2 SW3 SW4 SW5
2
加密保存的密码
123
3
添加 Vlan
ID 10 名称: sales
ID 20 名称: marketing
ID 30 名称: technic
ID 40 名称: FR
ID 50 名称: financial
4
配置 Vlan Trunk
详细请参考表端口规划
 
路由配置数据
序号
需要配置的参数
内容
1
主机名
R1
2
加密保存的密码
123
3
配置单臂路由
封装 802.1Q ,支持 VLAN ID1 10 20 30 40 50
4
配置默认路由
连接远程分支机构
四、项目实施
R1 路由器上设置单臂路由:
Router>en
Router#conf t
Enter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.
Router(config)#hostname R1
R1(config)#in f0/0.1
R1(config-subif)#enc
R1(config-subif)#encapsulation dot
R1(config-subif)#encapsulation dot1Q 10
R1(config-subif)#ip addre
R1(config-subif)#ip address 192.168.10.1 255.255.255.128
R1(config-subif)#in f0/0.2
R1(config-subif)#enc
R1(config-subif)#encapsulation dot
R1(config-subif)#encapsulation dot1Q 20
R1(config-subif)#ip add
R1(config-subif)#ip address 192.168.10.129 255.255.255.128
R1(config-subif)#in f0/0.3
R1(config-subif)#enc
R1(config-subif)#encapsulation dot
R1(config-subif)#encapsulation dot1Q 30
R1(config-subif)#ip add
R1(config-subif)#ip address 192.168.11.1 255.255.255.128
R1(config-subif)#in f0/0.4
R1(config-subif)#enc
R1(config-subif)#encapsulation do
R1(config-subif)#encapsulation dot1Q 40
R1(config-subif)#ip add
R1(config-subif)#ip address 192.168.11.129 255.255.255.224
R1(config-subif)#in f0/0.5
R1(config-subif)#enc
R1(config-subif)#encapsulation dot
R1(config-subif)#encapsulation dot1Q 50
R1(config-subif)#ip add
R1(config-subif)#ip address 192.168.11.161 255.255.255.224
 
SW1 上划分 VLAN:
 
SW1#show vl
 
VLAN Name                             Status    Ports
---- -------------------------------- --------- -------------------------------
1    default                            active   
10   sales                              active    Fa0/8, Fa0/9, Fa0/10, Fa0/11
                                                Fa0/12, Fa0/13, Fa0/14, Fa0/15
                                                Fa0/16
20   marketing                          active    Fa0/17, Fa0/18, Fa0/19, Fa0/20
                                                 Fa0/21, Fa0/22, Fa0/23, Fa0/24
50   financial                            active    Fa0/6, Fa0/7
1002 fddi-default                          active   
1003 token-ring-default                     active   
1004 fddinet-default                        active   
1005 trnet-default                          active   
SW2 上划分 Vlan
SW2#show vl
 
VLAN Name                             Status    Ports
---- -------------------------------- --------- -------------------------------
1    default                             active    Fa0/2, Fa0/3, Fa0/4, Fa0/5
10    sales                              active    Fa0/6, Fa0/7, Fa0/8, Fa0/9
                                                Fa0/10, Fa0/11, Fa0/12, Fa0/13
                                                Fa0/14, Fa0/15
20   marketing                           active    Fa0/16, Fa0/17, Fa0/18, Fa0/19
                                                Fa0/20, Fa0/21, Fa0/22, Fa0/23
                                                Fa0/24
1002 fddi-default                     active   
1003 token-ring-default               active   
1004 fddinet-default                  active   
1005 trnet-default                    active   
 
SW3 上划分 Vlan
SW3#show vl
 
VLAN Name                             Status    Ports
---- -------------------------------- --------- -------------------------------
1    default                             active    Fa0/2, Fa0/3, Fa0/4, Fa0/5
10   sales                               active    Fa0/6, Fa0/7, Fa0/8, Fa0/9
                                                Fa0/10, Fa0/11, Fa0/12, Fa0/13
                                                Fa0/14, Fa0/15
20   marketing                          active    Fa0/16, Fa0/17, Fa0/18, Fa0/19
                                                 Fa0/20, Fa0/21, Fa0/22, Fa0/23
                                                Fa0/24
1002 fddi-default                     active   
1003 token-ring-default               active   
1004 fddinet-default                  active   
1005 trnet-default                    active   
 
SW4 上划分 Vlan
sw4#show vl
 
VLAN Name                             Status    Ports
---- -------------------------------- --------- -------------------------------
1    default                             active    Fa0/2, Fa0/3, Fa0/4, Fa0/5
30   technic                            active    Fa0/6, Fa0/7, Fa0/8, Fa0/9
                                                Fa0/10, Fa0/11, Fa0/12, Fa0/13
                                                Fa0/14, Fa0/15
40   FR                                active    Fa0/16, Fa0/17, Fa0/18, Fa0/19
                                                Fa0/20, Fa0/21, Fa0/22, Fa0/23
                                                Fa0/24
1002 fddi-default                     active   
1003 token-ring-default               active   
1004 fddinet-default                  active   
1005 trnet-default                    active   
 
SW5 上划分 Vlan
SW5#show vl
 
VLAN Name                             Status    Ports
---- -------------------------------- --------- -------------------------------
1    default                             active    Fa0/2, Fa0/3, Fa0/4, Fa0/5
30   technic                            active    Fa0/6, Fa0/7, Fa0/8, Fa0/9
                                                Fa0/10, Fa0/11, Fa0/12, Fa0/13
                                                Fa0/14, Fa0/15
50   financial                           active    Fa0/16, Fa0/17, Fa0/18, Fa0/19
                                                Fa0/20, Fa0/21, Fa0/22, Fa0/23
                                                Fa0/24
1002 fddi-default                     active   
1003 token-ring-default               active   
1004 fddinet-default                  active   
1005 trnet-default                    active   
SW1 上把 F0/1~5 接口模式更改为 Trunk
SW1(config)#in f0/1
SW1(config-if)#sw mode trunk
 
%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/1, changed state to down
%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/1, changed state to up
SW1(config-if)#in f0/2
SW1(config-if)#sw mode trunk
 
%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/2, changed state to down
%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/2, changed state to up
SW1(config-if)#in f0/3
SW1(config-if)#sw mode trunk
 
%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/3, changed state to down
%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/3, changed state to up
SW1(config-if)#in f0/4
SW1(config-if)#sw mode trunk
 
%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/4, changed state to down
%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/4, changed state to up
SW1(config-if)#in f0/5
SW1(config-if)#sw mode trunk
 
%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/5, changed state to down
%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/5, changed state to up
为路由和交换设置暗文密码 123
R1
R1>en
R1#conf t
R1(config)#enable secret 123
SW1
SW1>en
SW1#conf t
Enter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.
SW1(config)#ena secr 123
SW2
SW2>en
SW2#conf t
Enter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.
SW2(config)#ena secr 123
SW3
SW3>en
SW3#conf t
Enter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.
SW3(config)#ena secr 123
SW4
SW4>en
SW4#conf t
Enter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.
SW4(config)#ena secr 123
SW5
SW5>en
SW5#conf t
Enter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.
SW5(config)#ena secr 123
五、项目测试
客户机 PC0 为总经理 PC PC1 为副总经理 PC PC2 PC4 为销售部用户 PC PC3 PC5 为市场部用户 PC
IP 地址:
PC0 192.168.11.162/27
PC1 192.168.11.163/27
PC2 192.168.10.11/25
PC3 192.168.10.130/25
PC4 192.168.10.12/25
PC5 192.168.10.131/25
测试 PC0 ping PC2
PC>ping 192.168.10.11
 
Pinging 192.168.10.11 with 32 bytes of data:
 
Reply from 192.168.10.11: bytes=32 time=109ms TTL=127
Reply from 192.168.10.11: bytes=32 time=49ms TTL=127
Reply from 192.168.10.11: bytes=32 time=112ms TTL=127
Reply from 192.168.10.11: bytes=32 time=110ms TTL=127
 
Ping statistics for 192.168.10.11:
    Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss),
Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:
Minimum = 49ms, Maximum = 112ms, Average = 95ms
实验成功!
测试 PC4 ping PC5
 
PC>ping 192.168.10.131
 
Pinging 192.168.10.131 with 32 bytes of data:
 
Reply from 192.168.10.131: bytes=32 time=252ms TTL=127
Reply from 192.168.10.131: bytes=32 time=202ms TTL=127
Reply from 192.168.10.131: bytes=32 time=245ms TTL=127
Reply from 192.168.10.131: bytes=32 time=171ms TTL=127
 
Ping statistics for 192.168.10.131:
    Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss),
Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:
Minimum = 171ms, Maximum = 252ms, Average = 217ms
实验成功!
六、项目总结
    通过这次实验了解掌握了 Vlan Trunk 和单臂路由的实际应用,明白了在实际组网过程中应先根据需求分析划分规划网段,然后根据设计方案组网,连接路由、交换,设计 VLAN 和路由,实现各个终端之间的互相连通。

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