nginx+php+mysql源码安装配置

nginx+php+mysql源码安装配置

系统要求：linux 2.6+内核，本文中的linux操作系统为centos 5.5  64bit）

下载程序源码包：

cd  /opt/software

wget http://blog.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/nginx/nginx-0.7.51.tar.gz

wget http://blog.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/php/php-5.2.8.tar.gz

wget http://blog.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/phpfpm/php-5.2.8-fpm-0.5.10.diff.gz

wget http://blog.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/mysql/mysql-5.1.33.zip

wget http://blog.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/libiconv/libiconv-1.13.tar.gz

wget http://blog.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/mcrypt/libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gz

wget http://blog.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/mcrypt/mcrypt-2.6.8.tar.gz

wget http://blog.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/memcache/memcache-2.2.5.tgz

wget http://blog.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/mhash/mhash-0.9.9.9.tar.gz

wget http://blog.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/pcre/pcre-7.8.tar.gz

wget http://blog.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/eaccelerator/eaccelerator-0.9.5.3.tar.bz2

wget http://blog.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/pdo/PDO_MYSQL-1.0.2.tgz

wget http://blog.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/imagick/ImageMagick.tar.gz

wget http://blog.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/imagick/imagick-2.2.2.tgz

安装步骤：

先安装系统所需的支持库：

LANG=C

yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ autoconf libjpeg libjpeg-devel libpng libpng-devel freetype freetype-devel libxml2 libxml2-devel zlib zlib-devel glibc glibc-devel glib2 glib2-devel bzip2 bzip2-devel ncurses ncurses-devel curl curl-devel e2fsprogs e2fsprogs-devel krb5 krb5-devel libidn libidn-devel openssl openssl-devel openldap openldap-devel nss_ldap openldap-clients openldap-servers

一、编译安装数据库：(mysql 5.1. 33版本)

cd /opt/software/

tar zxvf mysql-5.1.33.tar.gz

cd mysql-5.1.33

./configure --prefix=/opt/app/mysql5 --localstatedir=/opt/app/mysql5/var --with-comment=Source --with-server-suffix=-enterprise-mysql --without-debug --with-charset=utf8 --with-extra-charsets=all --enable-thread-safe-client --with-pthread --with-plugins=all --without-ndb-debug

#make && make install

特别注意：在执行make编译的过程中，如果你看到屏幕上出现下面这一行（make[4]: Entering directory `/opt/software/mysql-5.1.59/mysql-test'），卡在那里，很久都过不去，千万别以为是编译错误了，或者服务器卡住了，只需要坚持，耐心的等待几分钟，就会编译成功！

/usr/sbin/groupadd mysql                                 #添加mysql组

/usr/sbin/useradd -g mysql mysql -s /bin/false    #创建用户mysql并加入到mysql组，不允许mysql用户直接登录系统

chown -R root /opt/app/mysql5/                        #允许root访问

chgrp -R mysql /opt/app/mysql5/                      #允许mysql组访问  

cd /opt/software/mysql-5.1.33/  

cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld  #把Mysql加入系统启动

cp support-files/my-medium.cnf /etc/my.cnf #拷贝配置文件（注意：/etc目录下面默认有一个my.cnf，直接覆盖即可）

chmod 755 /etc/init.d/mysqld   #执行权限

vim /etc/profile   #把mysql服务加入系统环境变量。

 在最后添加下面这一行：

 export PATH=$PATH:/opt/app/mysql5/bin

source /etc/profile 在当前bash环境下读取 profile文件

mysql_install_db --user=mysql &  #生成mysql系统数据库

mysqld_safe --user=mysql &       #启动mysql

/etc/init.d/mysqld  start #启动

修改root密码：进去到mysql安装目录的bin目录下执行

cd /opt/app/mysql5/bin

mysqladmin --user=root password 123456

service mysqld restart  #重启

到此，mysql安装完成。

二、编译安装PHP 5.2.8版本  （FastCGI模式）

1. 编译安装PHP 5.2.8所需的支持库

cd /opt/software

tar zxvf libiconv-1.13.tar.gz

cd libiconv-1.13/

./configure --prefix=/usr/local

make && make install

cd ../

tar zxvf libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gz

cd libmcrypt-2.5.8/

./configure

make && make install

/sbin/ldconfig    

cd libltdl/

./configure --enable-ltdl-install

make && make install

cd ../../

tar zxvf mhash-0.9.9.9.tar.gz

cd mhash-0.9.9.9/

./configure

make && make install

cd ../

ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.la /usr/lib/libmcrypt.la

ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.so /usr/lib/libmcrypt.so

ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.so.4 /usr/lib/libmcrypt.so.4

ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.so.4.4.8 /usr/lib/libmcrypt.so.4.4.8

ln -s /usr/local/bin/libmcrypt-config /usr/bin/libmcrypto-config

ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.a /usr/lib/libmhash.a

ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.la /usr/lib/libmhash.la

ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.so /usr/lib/libmhash.so

ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.so.2 /usr/lib/libmhash.so.2

ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.so.2.0.1 /usr/lib/libmhash.so.2.0.1

tar zxvf mcrypt-2.6.8.tar.gz

cd mcrypt-2.6.8/

/sbin/ldconfig

./configure

make && make install

cd ../

2.编译安装PHP （FastCGI模式）

cd /opt/software

tar zxvf php-5.2.8.tar.gz

gzip -cd php-5.2.8-fpm-0.5.10.diff.gz | patch -d php-5.2.8 -p1

cd php-5.2.8/

./configure --prefix=/opt/app/php5 --with-config-file-path=/opt/app/php5/etc --with-mysql=/opt/app/mysql5  --with-mysqli=/opt/app/mysql5/bin/mysql_config --with-iconv-dir=/usr/local --with-freetype-dir --with-jpeg-dir --with-png-dir --with-zlib --with-libxml-dir=/usr --enable-xml --disable-rpath --enable-discard-path --enable-safe-mode --enable-bcmath --enable-shmop --enable-sysvsem --enable-inline-optimization --with-curl --with-curlwrappers --enable-mbregex --enable-fastcgi --enable-fpm --enable-force-cgi-redirect --enable-mbstring --with-mcrypt --with-gd --enable-gd-native-ttf --with-openssl --with-mhash --enable-pcntl --enable-sockets --with-ldap --with-ldap-sasl

make ZEND_EXTRA_LIBS='-liconv'

make install

cp php.ini-dist /opt/app/php5/etc/php.ini

cd ../

/usr/sbin/groupadd www               创建www组

/usr/sbin/useradd -g www www    创建www用户，并归属到www组

3.编译安装PHP5扩展模块 （此步骤可以省略，以后可以根据程序员的需求再进行安装）

tar zxvf memcache-2.2.5.tgz

cd memcache-2.2.5/

/opt/app/php5/bin/phpize

./configure --with-php-config=/opt/app/php5/bin/php-config

make

make install

cd ../

tar jxvf eaccelerator-0.9.5.3.tar.bz2

cd eaccelerator-0.9.5.3/

/opt/app/php5/bin/phpize

./configure --enable-eaccelerator=shared --with-php-config=/opt/app/php5/bin/php-config

make

make install

cd ../

tar zxvf PDO_MYSQL-1.0.2.tgz

cd PDO_MYSQL-1.0.2/

/opt/app/php5/bin/phpize

./configure --with-php-config=/opt/app/php5/bin/php-config --with-pdo-mysql=/opt/app/mysql5

make

make install

cd ../

tar zxvf ImageMagick.tar.gz

cd ImageMagick-6.5.1-2/

./configure

make

make install

cd ../

tar zxvf imagick-2.2.2.tgz

cd imagick-2.2.2/

/opt/app/php5/bin/phpize

./configure --with-php-config=/opt/app/php5/bin/php-config

make

make install

cd ../

4.修改php.ini文件 （如果没安装php5的扩展模块，以下三行步骤省略）

 1）手工修改：

      #vim /opt/app/php5/etc/php.ini

      查找：/extension_dir = "./"

      修改：extension_dir = "/opt/app/php5/lib/php5/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20060613/"

 2）并在此行后增加以下几行，然后保存：

      extension = "memcache.so"

      extension = "pdo_mysql.so"

      extension = "imagick.so"

 3）再查找output_buffering = Off

      修改为output_buffering = On

5. 配置eAccelerator加速PHP （此步骤可以省略，可以根据程序员的要求做此步骤）

#mkdir �Cp /opt/app/eaccelerator_cache

#vim /opt/app/php5/etc/php.ini

按shift+g键跳到配置文件的最末尾，加上以下配置信息：

[eaccelerator]

zend_extension="/opt/app/php5/lib/php5/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20060613/eaccelerator.so"

eaccelerator.shm_size="128"

eaccelerator.cache_dir="/opt/app/eaccelerator_cache"

eaccelerator.enable="1"

eaccelerator.optimizer="1"

eaccelerator.check_mtime="1"

eaccelerator.debug="0"

eaccelerator.filter=""

eaccelerator.shm_max="0"

eaccelerator.shm_ttl="300"

eaccelerator.shm_prune_period="120"

eaccelerator.shm_only="0"

eaccelerator.compress="1"

eaccelerator.compress_level="9"

6. 创建php-fpm配置文件（php-fpm是为PHP打的一个FastCGI管理补丁，可以平滑变更php.ini配置而无需重启php-cgi）：

 在/opt/app/php5/etc/目录中创建php-fpm.conf文件：

rm -f /opt/app/php5/etc/php-fpm.conf

vim /opt/app/php5/etc/php-fpm.conf

<?xml version="1.0" ?>

<configuration>

All relative paths in this config are relative to php's install prefix

 <section name="global_options">

 Pid file

   <value name="pid_file">/opt/app/php5/logs/php-fpm.pid</value>

   Error log file

   <value name="error_log">/opt/app/php5/logs/php-fpm.log</value>

   Log level

   <value name="log_level">notice</value>

   When this amount of php processes exited with SIGSEGV or SIGBUS ...

   <value name="emergency_restart_threshold">10</value>

   ... in a less than this interval of time, a graceful restart will be initiated.

   Useful to work around accidental curruptions in accelerator's shared memory.

   <value name="emergency_restart_interval">1m</value>

   Time limit on waiting child's reaction on signals from master

   <value name="process_control_timeout">5s</value>

   Set to 'no' to debug fpm

   <value name="daemonize">yes</value>

 </section>

 <workers>

   <section name="pool">

     Name of pool. Used in logs and stats.

     <value name="name">default</value>

     Address to accept fastcgi requests on.

     Valid syntax is 'ip.ad.re.ss:port' or just 'port' or '/path/to/unix/socket'

     <value name="listen_address">127.0.0.1:9000</value>

     <value name="listen_options">

       Set listen(2) backlog

       <value name="backlog">-1</value>

       Set permissions for unix socket, if one used.

       In Linux read/write permissions must be set in order to allow connections from web server.

       Many BSD-derrived systems allow connections regardless of permissions.

       <value name="owner"></value>

       <value name="group"></value>

       <value name="mode">0666</value>

     </value>

     Unix user of processes

       <value name="user">www</value>

     Unix group of processes

       <value name="group">www</value>

     Process manager settings

     <value name="pm">

       Sets style of controling worker process count.

       Valid values are 'static' and 'apache-like'

       <value name="style">static</value>

       Sets the limit on the number of simultaneous requests that will be served.

       Equivalent to Apache MaxClients directive.

       Equivalent to PHP_FCGI_CHILDREN environment in original php.fcgi

       Used with any pm_style.

       <value name="max_children">128</value>

       Settings group for 'apache-like' pm style

       <value name="apache_like">

         Sets the number of server processes created on startup.

         Used only when 'apache-like' pm_style is selected

         <value name="StartServers">20</value>

         Sets the desired minimum number of idle server processes.

         Used only when 'apache-like' pm_style is selected

         <value name="MinSpareServers">5</value>

         Sets the desired maximum number of idle server processes.

         Used only when 'apache-like' pm_style is selected

         <value name="MaxSpareServers">35</value>

       </value>

     </value>

     The timeout (in seconds) for serving a single request after which the worker process will be terminated

     Should be used when 'max_execution_time' ini option does not stop script execution for some reason

     '0s' means 'off'

     <value name="request_terminate_timeout">0s</value>

     The timeout (in seconds) for serving of single request after which a php backtrace will be dumped to slow.log file

     '0s' means 'off'

     <value name="request_slowlog_timeout">0s</value>

     The log file for slow requests

     <value name="slowlog">logs/slow.log</value>

     Set open file desc rlimit

     <value name="rlimit_files">51200</value>

     Set max core size rlimit

     <value name="rlimit_core">0</value>

     Chroot to this directory at the start, absolute path

     <value name="chroot"></value>

     Chdir to this directory at the start, absolute path

     <value name="chdir"></value>

     Redirect workers' stdout and stderr into main error log.

     If not set, they will be redirected to /dev/null, according to FastCGI specs

     <value name="catch_workers_output">yes</value>

     How much requests each process should execute before respawn.

     Useful to work around memory leaks in 3rd party libraries.

     For endless request processing please specify 0

     Equivalent to PHP_FCGI_MAX_REQUESTS

     <value name="max_requests">500</value>

     Comma separated list of ipv4 addresses of FastCGI clients that allowed to connect.

     Equivalent to FCGI_WEB_SERVER_ADDRS environment in original php.fcgi (5.2.2+)

     Makes sense only with AF_INET listening socket.

     <value name="allowed_clients">127.0.0.1</value>

     Pass environment variables like LD_LIBRARY_PATH

     All $VARIABLEs are taken from current environment

     <value name="environment">

       <value name="HOSTNAME">$HOSTNAME</value>

       <value name="PATH">/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/bin</value>

       <value name="TMP">/tmp</value>

       <value name="TMPDIR">/tmp</value>

       <value name="TEMP">/tmp</value>

       <value name="OSTYPE">$OSTYPE</value>

       <value name="MACHTYPE">$MACHTYPE</value>

       <value name="MALLOC_CHECK_">2</value>

     </value>

   </section>

 </workers>

</configuration>

9、启动php-cgi进程，监听127.0.0.1的9000端口，进程数为200（如果服务器内存小于3GB，可以只开启64个进程），用户为www：

ulimit -SHn 51200

/opt/app/php5/sbin/php-fpm start

注：/opt/app/php/sbin/php-fpm还有其他参数，包括：start|stop|quit|restart|reload|logrotate，修改php.ini后不重启php-cgi，重新加载配置文件使用reload

三、编译安装nginx 0.7.51

1、安装Nginx所需的pcre库：

tar zxvf pcre-7.8.tar.gz

cd pcre-7.8/

./configure

make && make install

cd ../

2、安装Nginx

tar zxvf nginx-0.7.51.tar.gz

cd nginx-0.7.51/

./configure --user=www --group=www --prefix=/opt/app/nginx  --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_ssl_module

make && make install

cd ../

3、准备工作：

mkdir -p /opt/case     建一个web网站主页的目录

chown -R www:www /opt/case   给主页目录授权

usermod -G  www,wangm      将wangm加入到www用户中去

mkdir -p /opt/app/nginx/conf/vhosts   建一个nginx配置文件的目录

chmod 755 /opt/app/nginx/conf/vhosts       给vhosts分配755权限

4、创建Nginx配置文件

在/opt/app/nginx/conf/目录中创建nginx.conf文件：

rm -f /opt/app/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

vim /opt/app/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

输入以下内容：

user  www www;

master_process on;

worker_processes 32;

#worker_cpu_affinity 0001 0010 0100 1000;

pid /var/run/nginx.pid;

# [ debug | info | notice | warn | error | crit ]
error_log  /opt/app/nginx/logs/nginx.error_log  info;
#Specifies the value for maximum file descriptors that can be opened by this process.
     worker_rlimit_nofile 51200;

events
{
      use epoll;
#maxclient = worker_processes * worker_connections / cpu_number
      worker_connections 51200;
}

http
{
      include       mime.types;
      default_type  application/octet-stream;
      server_names_hash_bucket_size 128;
      client_header_buffer_size 32k;
      large_client_header_buffers 4 32k;


      log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] $request '
                        '"$status" $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
                        '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';

      #access_log  /dev/null;  
      sendfile       on;
      tcp_nopush     on;
      tcp_nodelay    on;

      keepalive_timeout 120;


      fastcgi_connect_timeout 300;
      fastcgi_send_timeout 300;
      fastcgi_read_timeout 300;
      fastcgi_buffer_size 128k;
      fastcgi_buffers 2 256k;
      fastcgi_busy_buffers_size 256k;
      fastcgi_temp_file_write_size 256k;
      fastcgi_intercept_errors on;
      fastcgi_temp_path /dev/shm/fastcgi_temp;
      send_timeout 60;


#       gzip                     on;
#       gzip_min_length    1k;
#       gzip_buffers     4 8k;
#       gzip_http_version 1.1;
#       gzip_proxied      any;
#       gzip_types       text/plain application/x-javascript text/css  application/xml;
#     gzip_vary          on;

    gzip on;
    gzip_min_length 1k;
    gzip_buffers 4 16k;
    gzip_http_version 1.1;
    gzip_comp_level 2;
    gzip_types text/plain application/x-javascript text/css  application/xml;

      client_max_body_size       10m;
      client_body_buffer_size    256k;
      client_body_temp_path      /dev/shm/client_body_temp;
      #
      proxy_temp_path            /dev/shm/proxy_temp;



      # The following includes are specified for virtual hosts
      include          vhosts/*.conf;
}

5、编辑配置文件(以下是模板，请根据实际情况更改文件名和内容，可有多个.conf文件存在，并同时使用，注意，.conf文件的权限应该为644)

cd /opt/app/nginx/conf/vhosts/

vim test.conf

server

      {

              listen       80;

              server_name 117.79.91.211;

              index index.html index.php index.htm;

              root  /opt/case/;  

              error_page 404 /error.html;

           #    log_format  www  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] $request '
               #         '"$status" $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
                #        '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';

             # access_log /opt/app/nginx/logs/access-dinglingling.log www;

              # support php
              location ~ .*\.php?$
              {
                      include enable_php5.conf;
              }

      }

注：root /opt/case/ 这个目录就更改了nginx默认的存放网页html目录。

6、在/opt/app /nginx/conf/目录中创建enable_php5.conf文件 ,调用php程序：

vim /opt/app/nginx/conf/enable_php5.conf

输入以下内容：

fastcgi_pass  127.0.0.1:9000;

fastcgi_index index.php;

fastcgi_param  GATEWAY_INTERFACE  CGI/1.1;
fastcgi_param  SERVER_SOFTWARE    nginx;

fastcgi_param  QUERY_STRING       $query_string;
fastcgi_param  REQUEST_METHOD     $request_method;
fastcgi_param  CONTENT_TYPE       $content_type;
fastcgi_param  CONTENT_LENGTH     $content_length;

fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME    $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_NAME        $fastcgi_script_name;
fastcgi_param  REQUEST_URI        $request_uri;
fastcgi_param  DOCUMENT_URI       $document_uri;
fastcgi_param  DOCUMENT_ROOT      $document_root;
fastcgi_param  SERVER_PROTOCOL    $server_protocol;

fastcgi_param  REMOTE_ADDR        $remote_addr;
fastcgi_param  REMOTE_PORT        $remote_port;
fastcgi_param  SERVER_ADDR        $server_addr;
fastcgi_param  SERVER_PORT        $server_port;
fastcgi_param  SERVER_NAME        $server_name;

# PHP only, required if PHP was built with --enable-force-cgi-redirect
#fastcgi_param  REDIRECT_STATUS    200;

7、启动Nginx

#ulimit -SHn 51200

#/opt/app/nginx/sbin/nginx

8、添加index.php，因为我们已经把页面的内容指向了case目录，所以要在case目录中建立index.php

#vim /opt/case/index.php

<?

phpinfo();

?>

在IE中访问http://配置机器的IP/index.php

关闭Nginx

killall nginx

四、配置开机自动启动Nginx + PHP

#vim /etc/rc.local
在末尾增加以下内容：

#ulimit -SHn 51200
/opt/app/php5/sbin/php-fpm start
/opt/app/nginx/sbin/nginx

本文出自 “linux” 博客，谢绝转载！