vmware 专业术语

看esx的时候，你会遇到很多专业的术语，这是从vmware的公司的ppt    摘录出来的

两种不同的虚拟架构
大家看看，就可以明白workstation 和esx的区别的，架构是不一样的，

Key Points:

- VMware offers two virtualization architectures:
hosted and native

- Different virtualization architectures do lead to some feature differences

- Best architecture to use depends upon usage scenario

Script:

VMware ’ s virtualization platform provides two different virtualization architectures:
a hosted virtualization architecture and a native virtualization architecture.
Users can choose the virtualization architecture that best fits their needs ― with the knowledge that the virtual machines that they are using with one architecture are completely transportable to the other.

In a hosted virtualization architecture ― the architecture used by VMware ’ s GSX Server, Workstation, and ACE ― the virtualization layer installs and runs like an application on the host OS.
Because it runs on top of the host OS, it relies on the host OS ’ s device support and physical resource management.
This means that it supports all the devices that are supported by the host OS.
It also means that the virtualization layer doesn ’ t have direct control over the allocation of the physical hardware resources.

The other virtualization architecture ― native virtualization--provides bare-metal virtualization, i.e. it installs directly onto the hardware.
ESX Server uses this type of virtualization.
Because it runs natively on the hardware, ESX Server has the ability to control the share of hardware resources allocated to each virtual machine.
Another part of VMware ’ s native virtualization architecture is the Service Console, which is a stripped-down virtual machine instance (based on Linux) that controls starting, stopping, and administering the other virtual machines on the physical system.
It can also be used for agents and helper applications that need visibility to all of the virtual machines on the physical system.

These different characteristics mean that the architecture that ’ s best for you depends on the needs of your specific usage scenario.

HA在vmware esx 是什么意思

What is VMware HA?
VMware® High Availability (HA) provides easy to use, cost effective high availability for applications running in virtual machines. In the event of server failure, affected virtual machines are automatically restarted on other production servers with spare capacity. VMware HA allows IT organizations to:
Minimize downtime and IT service disruption while eliminating the need for dedicated stand-by hardware and installation of additional software.
Provide uniform high availability across the entire virtualized IT environment without the cost and complexity of failover solutions tied to either operating systems or specific applications.
How Is VMware HA Used in the Enterprise?
VMware HA allows companies to provide high availability to any application running in a virtual machine. With VMware HA IT organizations can:
Protect applications with no other failover option. Provide cost-effective high availability for any application running in a virtual machine. High availability solutions are often relatively complex and expensive, and typically reserved for mission critical applications.    VMware HA provides a cost-effective high availability solution that makes high availability possible for software applications that were formerly left unprotected.
Establish consistent “first line of defense” for an entire IT environment. Unlike other high availability solutions that are operating system or software application specific, VMware HA represents a consistent, easy to manage high availability solution for the entire IT environment. VMware HA provides basic failover for any application with minimum cost and management overhead.
How Does VMware HA Work?
VMware HA continuously monitors all servers in a resource pool and detects server failures. An agent placed on each server maintains a “heartbeat” with the other servers in the resource pool and a loss of “heartbeat” initiates the restart process of all affected virtual machines on other servers. VMware HA ensures that sufficient resources are available in the resource pool at all times to be able to restart virtual machines on different physical servers in the event of server failure. Restart of virtual machines is made possible by the Virtual Machine File System (VMFS) clustered file system which gives multiple ESX Server instances read-write access to the same virtual machine files, concurrently. VMware HA is easily configured for a resource pool through VirtualCenter.

VMware DRS 是什么意思

VMware® Distributed Resource Scheduler (DRS) dynamically allocates and balances computing capacity across a collection of hardware resources aggregated into logical resource pools. VMware DRS continuously monitors utilization across resource pools and intelligently allocates available resources among the virtual machines based on pre-defined rules that reflect business needs and changing priorities. When a virtual machine experiences an increased load, VMware DRS automatically allocates additional resources by redistributing virtual machines among the physical servers within the network. VMware DRS allows IT organizations to:
Prioritize resources to the highest value applications in order to align resources with business goals.
Optimize hardware utilization automatically and continuously to respond to changing conditions.
Provide dedicated (virtual) infrastructure to business units while giving central IT complete control over hardware.
Conduct zero-downtime server maintenance
How does VMware DRS work?
VMware DRS dynamically allocates and balances computing capacity across collections of hardware resources aggregated into logical resource pools. VMware DRS continuously monitors utilization across the resource pools and intelligently allocates available resources among virtual machines.


VMware DRS allows users to define the rules and policies how virtual machines share resources and how these resources are prioritized among multiple virtual machines.    When a virtual machine experiences increased load, VMware DRS first evaluates its priority against the established resource allocation rules and policies, and if justified, allocates additional resource. .Additional resources are allocated to the virtual machine by either migrating it to another server with more available resources or by making more “space” for it on the same server by migrating other virtual machines to different servers..
VMware DRS can be configured to operate in automatic or manual mode. In automatic mode, it migrates virtual machines to the most appropriate physical servers. The live migration of the virtual machines to the different physical server is executed completely transparent to end-users though VMware VMotion. In manual mode, VMware DRS provides a recommendation for optimal placement of virtual machines, and leaves it to the system administrator to decide whether to make the change.
Flexible hierarchical organization of resource pools allows administrators to match available IT resources to the needs of the business organization. Individual business units can receive dedicated IT resources while still benefiting from the efficiency of resource pooling.    Robust access privileges make it possible to delegate routine infrastructure tasks for a business unit resource pool to a business unit administrator.
VMware DRS optimizes IT environments to align resources with business goals while ensuring flexibility and efficient utilization of hardware resources.
How Is VMware DRS Used in the Enterprise?
Align IT resources with business priorities. Define rules and policies how resources are prioritized among virtual machines.    VMware DRS dynamically and intelligently allocates IT resources to the highest priority virtual machines to ensure optimal alignment between business and IT.
Guarantee IT autonomy and service levels to business organizations.    Provide dedicated IT infrastructure to business units while still profiting from higher hardware utilization through resource pooling.  
Dramatically increase system administrator productivity. Enable a single system administrator to monitor and effectively manage a large pool of infrastructure resources.
Automate hardware maintenance.    Place a physical server in maintenance mode and VMware DRS will automatically migrate all virtual machines to other physical servers, allowing server maintenance with zero downtime

VMware® Consolidated Backup 是干什么用的

VMware® Consolidated Backup provides an easy to use, centralized backup facility for virtual machines. It enables virtual machine contents to be backed up from a centralized Micr操作系统oft® Windows 2003 proxy server rather than directly from ESX Server. Consolidated Backup allows IT organizations to:[DU1]
Reduce the load on ESX Server by allowing it to run more efficiently and run more virtual machines.
Improve manageability of IT resources by using a single agent running on the proxy server rather than an agent on every virtual machine.
Eliminate backup traffic on the local area network by utilizing Fibre Channel tape devices for virtual machine backups
How Is VMware Consolidated Backup Used in the Enterprise?
VMware Consolidated Backup enables:
Full and incremental file backup of virtual machines for recovery of individual files and directories
Full image backup of virtual machines for disaster recovery
How does VMware Consolidated Backup work?
Consolidated Backup provides a set of drivers and scripts that enable LAN-free backup of virtual machines from a centralized Microsoft® Windows 2003 proxy server using an industry-standard backup agent. Consolidated Backup includes pre-backup and post-backup scripts for integration with most major backup providers. A backup job is created for each virtual machine and that job is dispatched on a Consolidated Backup proxy. For virtual machines running Microsoft® Windows operating system, the pre-backup script quiesces NTFS inside the virtual machine, takes a virtual machine snapshot, and mounts the snapshot to the proxy server directly from the SAN. The backup client then backs up the contents of the virtual machine―either as a set of files and directories or as a virtual disk image. Finally, the post-backup script tears down the mount and takes the virtual disk out of snapshot mode.
[DU1]Do we want to narrow to “IT organizations” or just use “users”?

VMotion 是干什么用的

But really the core is VMotion technology. Lets you Adjust resources to demand.   If you suddenly were flooded by demand, you can move servers to handle it.

VMotion technology lets you move live, running virtual machines from one host to another while maintaining continuous service availability. VMotion allows fast reconfiguration and optimization of resources across the virtual infrastructure because you can make changes on the fly, without impacting users.

VMotion enables you to move the machine without user service interruption.   Applications don’t have to be taken off line.   VMotion is a huge advantage when doing hardware maintenance or when re-balancing workloads across servers.

It also gives you optimal utilization etc.

Let’s consider each of these

Lab Manager 干什么用的
自服务部署一组机器（配置）到整个开发/测试和QA小组，同时又可以在IT的监控之下
访问虚拟机配置库，这里的配置可以在数秒之内建立，并大量节约了相关的磁盘资源
配置可以与其他的拷贝一起进行部署
配置库能够保存CPU和内存的状态，易于记录bug的状态，方便进行bug修复
通过共享虚拟机和虚拟机的副本，进行协同工作
由于资源池实现了共享，从而提高了服务器的利用效率，可以立即根据需要重新指定同一硬件的不同用途
可以跨地域、站点进行协同工作