File API是HTML 5标准
具体的HTML 5的定义如下:
下面我们来实践一下:
1.首先我们要判断浏览器是否支持FIle API
// Check for the various File API support. if (window.File && window.FileReader && window.FileList && window.Blob) { // Great success! All the File APIs are supported. } else { alert('The File APIs are not fully supported in this browser.'); }
很简单,就是用window对象来判断的。
2.然后我们就实装一下
2.1 我们使用input标签来实现File API
<input type="file" id="files" name="files[]" multiple /> <output id="list"></output> <script> function handleFileSelect(evt) { var files = evt.target.files; // FileList object // files is a FileList of File objects. List some properties. var output = []; for (var i = 0, f; f = files[i]; i++) { output.push('<li><strong>', escape(f.name), '</strong> (', f.type || 'n/a', ') - ', f.size, ' bytes, last modified: ', f.lastModifiedDate.toLocaleDateString(), '</li>'); } document.getElementById('list').innerHTML = '<ul>' + output.join('') + '</ul>'; } document.getElementById('files').addEventListener('change', handleFileSelect, false); </script>
如果有点javascript基础的人都明白上面是什么意思:
操作为将桌面的图标或者我们电脑的图片拖进input标签内,就能看到实践效果
2.2用div来实现File API
<div id="drop_zone">Drop files here</div> <output id="list"></output> <script> function handleFileSelect(evt) { evt.stopPropagation(); evt.preventDefault(); var files = evt.dataTransfer.files; // FileList object. // files is a FileList of File objects. List some properties. var output = []; for (var i = 0, f; f = files[i]; i++) { output.push('<li><strong>', escape(f.name), '</strong> (', f.type || 'n/a', ') - ', f.size, ' bytes, last modified: ', f.lastModifiedDate.toLocaleDateString(), '</li>'); } document.getElementById('list').innerHTML = '<ul>' + output.join('') + '</ul>'; } function handleDragOver(evt) { evt.stopPropagation(); evt.preventDefault(); evt.dataTransfer.dropEffect = 'copy'; // Explicitly show this is a copy. } // Setup the dnd listeners. var dropZone = document.getElementById('drop_zone'); dropZone.addEventListener('dragover', handleDragOver, false); dropZone.addEventListener('drop', handleFileSelect, false); </script>
操作如上
2.3用FIleReader实现File API
<style> .thumb { height: 75px; border: 1px solid #000; margin: 10px 5px 0 0; } </style> <input type="file" id="files" name="files[]" multiple /> <output id="list"></output> <script> function handleFileSelect(evt) { var files = evt.target.files; // FileList object // Loop through the FileList and render image files as thumbnails. for (var i = 0, f; f = files[i]; i++) { // Only process image files. if (!f.type.match('image.*')) { continue; } var reader = new FileReader(); // Closure to capture the file information. reader.onload = (function(theFile) { return function(e) { // Render thumbnail. var span = document.createElement('span'); span.innerHTML = ['<img class="thumb" src="', e.target.result, '" title="', escape(theFile.name), '"/>'].join(''); document.getElementById('list').insertBefore(span, null); }; })(f); // Read in the image file as a data URL. reader.readAsDataURL(f); } } document.getElementById('files').addEventListener('change', handleFileSelect, false); </script>
操作如上
2.4 有ProcessBar的File API实现
<style> #progress_bar { margin: 10px 0; padding: 3px; border: 1px solid #000; font-size: 14px; clear: both; opacity: 0; -moz-transition: opacity 1s linear; -o-transition: opacity 1s linear; -webkit-transition: opacity 1s linear; } #progress_bar.loading { opacity: 1.0; } #progress_bar .percent { background-color: #99ccff; height: auto; width: 0; } </style> <input type="file" id="files" name="file" /> <button onclick="abortRead();">Cancel read</button> <div id="progress_bar"><div class="percent">0%</div></div> <script> var reader; var progress = document.querySelector('.percent'); function abortRead() { reader.abort(); } function errorHandler(evt) { switch(evt.target.error.code) { case evt.target.error.NOT_FOUND_ERR: alert('File Not Found!'); break; case evt.target.error.NOT_READABLE_ERR: alert('File is not readable'); break; case evt.target.error.ABORT_ERR: break; // noop default: alert('An error occurred reading this file.'); }; } function updateProgress(evt) { // evt is an ProgressEvent. if (evt.lengthComputable) { var percentLoaded = Math.round((evt.loaded / evt.total) * 100); // Increase the progress bar length. if (percentLoaded < 100) { progress.style.width = percentLoaded + '%'; progress.textContent = percentLoaded + '%'; } } } function handleFileSelect(evt) { // Reset progress indicator on new file selection. progress.style.width = '0%'; progress.textContent = '0%'; reader = new FileReader(); reader.onerror = errorHandler; reader.onprogress = updateProgress; reader.onabort = function(e) { alert('File read cancelled'); }; reader.onloadstart = function(e) { document.getElementById('progress_bar').className = 'loading'; }; reader.onload = function(e) { // Ensure that the progress bar displays 100% at the end. progress.style.width = '100%'; progress.textContent = '100%'; setTimeout("document.getElementById('progress_bar').className='';", 2000); } // Read in the image file as a binary string. reader.readAsBinaryString(evt.target.files[0]); } document.getElementById('files').addEventListener('change', handleFileSelect, false); </script>