Nginx与PHP(fastCGI)安装、配置与优化

Nginx与PHP(fastCGI)安装、配置与优化

一、安装环境

1、centos5.5-32

二、利用centos自带的Yum安装、升级抽需的程序库

1、yum�Cyinstallgccgcc-c++autoconflibjpeglibjpeg-devellibpnglibpng-develfreetypefreetype-devellibxml2libxml2-develzlibzlib-develglibcglibc-develglib2glib2-develbzip2bzip2-develncursesncurses-develcurlcurl-devele2fsprogse2fsprogs-develkrb5krb5-devellibidnlibidn-developensslopenssl-developenldapopenldap-develnss_ldapopenldap-clientsopenldap-servers

三、从blog.s135.com下载所需要的软件（注：比较稳定，只允许在本站，或者在linux/unix下通过wget、curl等命令下载以下软件）

Wgethttp://blog.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/nginx/nginx-0.8.15.tar.gz

Wgethttp://blog.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/php/php-5.2.10.tar.gz

Wgethttp://blog.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/phpfpm/php-5.2.10-fpm-0.5.11.diff.gz

Wgethttp://blog.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/mysql/mysql-5.1.38.tar.gz

Wgethttp://blog.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/libiconv/libiconv-1.13.tar.gz

Wgethttp://blog.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/mcrypt/libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gz

Wgethttp://blog.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/mcrypt/mcrypt-2.6.8.tar.gz

Wgethttp://blog.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/memcache/memcache-2.2.5.tgz

Wgethttp://blog.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/mhash/mhash-0.9.9.9.tar.gz

Wgethttp://blog.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/pcre/pcre-7.9.tar.gz

Wgethttp://blog.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/eaccelerator/eaccelerator-0.9.5.3.tar.bz2

Wgethttp://blog.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/pdo/PDO_MYSQL-1.0.2.tgz

Wgethttp://blog.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/imagick/ImageMagick.tar.gz

Wgethttp://blog.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/imagick/imagick-2.2.2.tgz

1、nginx-0.8.15.tar.gz

2、php-5.2.10.tar.gz

3、php-5.2.10-fpm-0.5.11.diff.gz

4、mysql-5.1.38.tar.gz

5、libiconv-1.13.tar.gz

6、mcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gz

7、mhash-0.9.9.9.tar.gz

8、pcre-7.9.tar.gz

9、eaccelerator-0.9.5.3.tar.bz2

10、PDO_MYSQL-1.0.2.tgz

11、ImageMagick.tar.gz

12、Imagick-2.2.2.tgz

四、安装php5.2.10(fastcgi模式)

1、tar�Czxflibiconv-1.13.tar.gz

cdlibiconv-1.13/

./configure�Cprefix=/usr/local

Make

Makeinstall

Cd../

2、tar�Czxflibmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gz

cdlibmcrypt-2.5.8/

./configure

Make

Makeinstall

/sbin/ldconfig

Cdlibltdl/

./configure�Cenable-ltdl-install

Make

Makeinstall

Cd../../

3、tar�Czxfmhash-0.9.9.9.tar.gz

cdmhash-0.9.9.9/

./configure

Make&&makeinstall

Cd../

Ln�Cs/usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.la/usr/lib/libmcrypt.la

Ln�Cs/usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.so/usr/lib/libmcrypt.so

Ln�Cs/usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.so.4/usr/lib/libmcrypt.so.4

Ln�Cs/usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.so.4.4.8/usr/lib/libmcrypt.so.4.4.8

Ln�Cs/usr/local/lib/libmhash.a/usr/lib/libmhash.a

Ln�Cs/usr/local/lib/libmhash.la/usr/lib/libmhash.la

Ln�Cs/usr/local/lib/libmhash.so/usr/lib/libmhash.so

Ln�Cs/usr/local/lib/libmhash.so.2/usr/lib/libmhash.so.2

Ln�Cs/usr/local/lib/libmhash.so.2.0.1/usr/lib/libmhash.so.2.0.1

4、tar�Czxfmcrypt-2.6.8.tar.gz

cdmcrypt-2.6.8/

/sbin/ldconfig

./configure

Make&&makeinstall

Cd../

5、编译安装mysql5.1.38

1、groupaddmysql

useradd�Cgmysqlmysql

tar�Czxfmysql-5.1.38.tar.gz

cdmysql-5.1.38/

./configure�Cprefix=/usr/local/webserver/mysql�Cenable-assembler�Cwith-extra-charsets=complex�Cenable-thread-safe-client�Cwith-big-tables�Cwith-readline�Cwith-ssl�Cwith-embedded-server�Cenable-local-infile

--with-plugins=innobase�Cwith-mysqld-ldflags=-all-static�Cwith-client-ldflags=-all-static

Make&&makeinstall

Chown�CRmysql:mysql/usr/local/webserver/mysql

Chmod+w/usr/local/webserver/mysql

/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_install_db�Cuser=mysql

Echo“exportPATH=$PATH:/usr/local/webserver/mysql/bin”>>/etc/profile

Source/etc/profile

Cpsupport-files/mysql.server/etc/init.d/mysqld

Chmod700/etc/init.d/mysqld

6、编译安装php5(fastcig模式)

1、tar�Czxfphp-5.2.10.tar.gz

gzip�Ccdphp-5.2.10-fpm-0.5.11.diff.gz|patch�Cdphp-5.2.10�Cp1

cdphp-5.2.10/

./configure�Cprefix=/usr/local/webserver/php�Cwith-config-file-path=/usr/local/webserver/php/etc�Cwith-mysql=/usr/local/webserver/mysql�Cwith-mysqli=/usr/local/webserver/mysql/bin/mysql_config�Cwith-iconv-dir=/usr/local�Cwith-freetype-dir�Cwith-jpeg-dir�Cwith-png-dir�Cwith-zlib�Cwith-libxml-dir=/usr�Cenable-xml�Cdisable-rpath�Cenable-discard-path�Cenable-safe-mode�Cenable-bcmath�Cenable-shmop�Cenable-sysvsem�Cenable-inline-optimization�Cwith-curl�Cwith-curlwrappers�Cenable-mbregex�Cenable-fastcgi�Cenable-fpm�Cenable-force-cgi-redirect�Cenable-mbstring�Cwith-mcrypt�Cwith-gd�Cenable-gd-native-ttf�Cwith-openssl�Cwith-mhash�Cenable-pcntl�Cenable-sockets�Cwith-ldap�Cwith-ldap-sasl�Cwith-xmlrpc�Cenable-zip�Cenable-soap�Cwithout-pear

MakeZEND_EXTRA_LIBS=’-liconv’

Makeinstall

Cpphp.ini-dist/usr/local/webserver/php/etc/php.ini

Cd../

7、编译安装php5扩展模块

1、tar�Cjxfeaccelerator-0.9.5.3.tar.bz2

Cdeaccelerator-0.9.5.3/

/usr/local/webserver/php/bin/phpize

./configure�Cenable-eaccelerator=shared�Cwith-php-config=/usr/local/webserver/php/bin/php-config

Make&&makeinstall

Cd../

2、tar�CzxfPDO_MYSQL-1.0.2.tgz

cdPDO_MYSQL-1.0.2/

/usr/local/webserver/php/bin/phpize

./configure�Cwith-php-config=/usr/local/webserver/php/bin/php-config�Cwith-pdo-mysql=/usr/local/webserver/mysql

Make&&makeinstall

Cd../

3、tar�CzxfImageMagick.tar.gz

cdImageMagick-6.5.1-2/

./configure

Make&&makeinstall

Cd../

4、tar�Czxfimagick-2.2.2.tgz

cdimagick-2.2.2/

/usr/local/webserver/php/bin/phpize

./configure�Cwith-php-config=/usr/local/webserver/php/bin/php-config

Make&&makeinstall

Cd../

5、修改php.ini文件：

手工修改：查找/usr/local/webserver/php/etc/php.ini中的extension_dir=”./”

修改为extension_dir=”/usr/local/webserver/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20060613”

并在此行后增加以下几行，保存

Extension=”pdo_mysql.so”

Extension=”imagick.so”

再查找output_buffering=off

修改为output_buffering=on

6、配置eaccelerator加速php：

Mkdir�Cp/usr/local/webserver/eaccelerator_cache

Vim/usr/local/webserver/php/etc/php.ini

[eaccelerator]

zend_extension="/usr/local/webserver/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20060613/eaccelerator.so"#模块的具体路径

eaccelerator.shm_size="64"#共享内存大小

eaccelerator.cache_dir="/usr/local/webserver/eaccelerator_cache"#缓存目录

eaccelerator.enable="1"

eaccelerator.optimizer="1"

eaccelerator.check_mtime="1"

eaccelerator.debug="0"

eaccelerator.filter=""

eaccelerator.shm_max="0"

eaccelerator.shm_ttl="3600"

eaccelerator.shm_prune_period="3600"

eaccelerator.shm_only="0"

eaccelerator.compress="1"

eaccelerator.compress_level="9"

7、创建www用户和组以供blog.domain.com和www.domain.com两个虚拟主机使用的目录

Groupaddwww

Useradd�Cgwwwwww

Mkdir�Cp/data0/htdocs/blog

Chmod+w/data0/htdocs/blog

Chown�CRwww:www/data0/htdocs/blog

Mkdir�Cp/data0/htdocs/www

Chmod+w/data0/htdocs/www

Chown�CRwww:www/data0/htdocs/www

8、创建php-fpm配置文件（php-fpm是为php打的一个fastcgi管理补丁，其实是不需要，但为了方便，可以平滑变更php.ini配置而无须重启php-cgi）

在原有的配置文件里修改/usr/local/webserver/php/etc/php-fpm.conf

注：如果您安装nginx+php用于程序调试，请将以下的<valuename=”display_errors”>0</value>修改为<valuename=”display_errors”>1</value>,以便显示PHP错误信息，否则，NGINX会报状态为500的空白错误页。

Php-fpm.conf这个配置文件里主要关注一下：

Unixuserofprocesses

<valuename=”user”>www</value>

Unixgroupofprocesses

<valuename=”group”>www</value>

上面的内容需要修改一下用户与组就可以了，这个用户与组跟nginx配置文件里的一样。

<valuename=”max_children”>128</value>

上面的一行内容就用来生成多少子php-cgi进程。

启动php-cgi进程(如果服务器的内存小于3GB，可以只开启64个进程)，用户为www:

Ulimit-SHn

/usr/local/webserver/php/sbin/php-fpmstart

注：/usr/local/webserver/php/sbin/php-fpm还有其它参数，包括：start|stop|restart|reload|logrotate,修改php.ini后不重启Php-cgi,重新加载配置文件使用reload

五、安装nginx-0.8.15

1、tar�Czxfpcre-7.9.tar.gz

cdpcre-7.9/

./configure

Make&&makeinstall

Cd../

2、tar�Czxfnginx-0.8.15.tar.gz

cdnginx-0.8.15/

./configure�Cuser=wwwgroup=www�Cprefix=/usr/local/webserver/nginx�Cwith-hhtp_stub_status_module�Cwith-http_ssl_module

Make&&makeinstall

3、创建nginx.conf配置文件，把默认的配置文件给保存一份

Vim/usr/local/webserver/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

Userwwwwww;#运行的用户

Worker_processes1;#启动进程，通常设置成和CPU的数量相等

########全局日志及PID文件

Error_log/data1/logs/nginx_error.logcrit;

Pid/usr/local/webserver/nginx/nginx.pid;

Worker_rlimit_nofile65535;

Events

{

Useepoll;#epoll是多路复用IO(I/OMultiplexing)中的一种方式,但是仅用于linux2.6以上内核,可以大大提高nginx的性能

Worker_connections65535;#单个后台workerprocess进程的最大并发链接数

｝

http

{

Includemime.types;#设定mime类型，类型由mime.type来定义

Default_typeapplication/octet-stream;

Server_names_hash_bucket_size128;

Client_header_buffer_size32k;

Large_client_header_buffers432k;

Client_max_body_size8m;

Sendfileon;

Tcp_nopushon;

Keepalive_timeout60;

Tcp_nodelayon;

Fastcgi_connect_timeout300;

Fastcgi_send_timeout300;

Fastcgi_read_timeout300;

Fastcgi_buffer_size64k;

Fastcgi_buffers464k;

Fastcgi_busy_buffers_size128k;

Fastcgi_temp_file_write_size128k;

Gzipon;

Gzip_min_length1k;

Gzip_buffers416k;

Gzip_http_version1.0;

Gzip_comp_level2;

Gzip_typestext/plainapplication/x-javascripttext/cssapplication/xml;

Gzip_varyon;

Server

{

Listen80;

Server_nameblog.domain.com;

Indexindex.htmlindex.htmindex.php;

Root/data0/htdocs/blog;

Location~.*\.(php|php5)?$

{

Fastcgi_pass127.0.0.1:9000;

Fastcgi_indexindex.php;

Includefcgi.conf;

}

Location~.*\.(gif|jpg|jpeg|png|tmp|swf)$

{

Expries3d;

}

Location~.*\.(js|css)$

{

1h;

}

log_formatmain'$remote_addr-$remote_user[$time_local]"$request"'

'$status$body_bytes_sent"$http_referer"'

'"$http_user_agent""$http_x_forwarded_for"';

Access_log/data1/logs/access.logmain;

}

}

2、由于上nginx.conf配置文件里提到了fcgi.conf配置文件，所以需要新建一个，内容如下：

Vi/usr/local/webserver/nginx/conf/fcgi.conf

fastcgi_paramGATEWAY_INTERFACECGI/1.1;

fastcgi_paramSERVER_SOFTWAREnginx;

fastcgi_paramQUERY_STRING$query_string;

fastcgi_paramREQUEST_METHOD$request_method;

fastcgi_paramCONTENT_TYPE$content_type;

fastcgi_paramCONTENT_LENGTH$content_length;

fastcgi_paramSCRIPT_FILENAME$document_root$fastcgi_script_name;

fastcgi_paramSCRIPT_NAME$fastcgi_script_name;

fastcgi_paramREQUEST_URI$request_uri;

fastcgi_paramDOCUMENT_URI$document_uri;

fastcgi_paramDOCUMENT_ROOT$document_root;

fastcgi_paramSERVER_PROTOCOL$server_protocol;

fastcgi_paramREMOTE_ADDR$remote_addr;

fastcgi_paramREMOTE_PORT$remote_port;

fastcgi_paramSERVER_ADDR$server_addr;

fastcgi_paramSERVER_PORT$server_port;

fastcgi_paramSERVER_NAME$server_name;

fastcgi_paramREDIRECT_STATUS200;

3、启动nginx:

Ulimit�CSHn65535

/usr/local/webserver/nginx/sbin/ngins####-sreload重新加载配置文件

4、配置开机自动启动nginx+php

Vi/etc/rc.local

Ulimit�CSHn65535

/usr/local/webserver/php/sbin/php-fpmstart

/usr/local/webserver/nginx/sbin/ngins