淘宝Tengine安装指南
前期准备:
服务器IP:192.168.200.129
配置yum仓库:
[root@crushlinux ~]# mount /dev/cdrom /mnt [root@crushlinux ~]# cat /etc/yum.repos.d/yum.repo [server] name=server baseurl=file:///mnt/Server enable=1 gpgcheck=0
下载软件:
[root@crushlinux ~]# cd /usr/src/ [root@crushlinux src]# wget ftp://ftp.csx.cam.ac.uk/pub/software/programming/pcre/pcre-8.33.tar.gz [root@crushlinux src]# wget http://labs.frickle.com/files/ngx_cache_purge-2.1.tar.gz [root@crushlinux src]# wget http://tengine.taobao.org/download/tengine-1.5.1.tar.gz
一、安装pcre:
[root@crushlinux src]# tar zxvf pcre-8.33.tar.gz [root@crushlinux src]# cd pcre-8.33 [root@crushlinux pcre-8.33]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/pcre [root@crushlinux pcre-8.33]# make && make install
二、解压proxy_cache插件
[root@crushlinux pcre-8.33]# cd ../ [root@crushlinux src]# tar zxvf ngx_cache_purge-2.1.tar.gz
三、安装Tengine
[root@crushlinux src]# yum install openssl openssl-devel -y [root@crushlinux src]# tar zxvf tengine-1.5.1.tar.gz [root@crushlinux src]# cd tengine-1.5.1 [root@crushlinux tengine-1.5.1]# ./configure --add-module=/usr/src/ngx_cache_purge-2.1 --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --with-http_stub_status_module --with-pcre=/usr/src/pcre-8.33 [root@crushlinux tengine-1.5.1]# make && make install
注意:
--prefix=/usr/local/nginx指定安装路径
--with-pcre=/usr/src/pcre-8.33 指定pcre的解压路径
--add-module=/usr/src/ngx_cache_purge-2.1 指定加载缓存插件模块
报错解决方案:
一 ./configure: error: the HTTP SSL module requires OpenSSL library
解决:yum -y install openssl-devel
二 ./configure: error: the HTTP rewrite module requires the PCRE library.
解决:yum -y install pcre-devel
四、设置Tengine启动启动脚本
在/etc/init.d/下创建一个文件名称随意(建议起名为:nginx)
[root@crushlinux tengine-1.5.1]# cat /etc/init.d/nginx
#!/bin/bash # Tengine Startup script# processname: nginx # chkconfig: - 85 15 # description: nginx is a World Wide Web server. It is used to serve # pidfile: /var/run/nginx.pid # config: /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf nginxd=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx nginx_config=/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf nginx_pid=/usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid RETVAL=0 prog="nginx" # Source function library. . /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions # Source networking configuration. . /etc/sysconfig/network # Check that networking is up. [ ${NETWORKING} = "no" ] && exit 0 [ -x $nginxd ] || exit 0 # Start nginx daemons functions. start() { if [ -e $nginx_pid ];then echo "tengine already running...." exit 1 fi echo -n $"Starting $prog: " daemon $nginxd -c ${nginx_config} RETVAL=$? echo [ $RETVAL = 0 ] && touch /var/lock/subsys/nginx return $RETVAL } # Stop nginx daemons functions. stop() { echo -n $"Stopping $prog: " killproc $nginxd RETVAL=$? echo [ $RETVAL = 0 ] && rm -f /var/lock/subsys/nginx /usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid } reload() { echo -n $"Reloading $prog: " #kill -HUP `cat ${nginx_pid}` killproc $nginxd -HUP RETVAL=$? echo } # See how we were called. case "$1" in start) start ;; stop) stop ;; reload) reload ;; restart) stop start ;; status) status $prog RETVAL=$? ;; *) echo $"Usage: $prog {start|stop|restart|reload|status|help}" exit 1 esac exit $RETVAL
[root@crushlinux tengine-1.5.1]# chmod +x /etc/init.d/nginx 为脚本添加执行权限
[root@crushlinux tengine-1.5.1]# chkconfig nginx on设置为开机自启
[root@crushlinux tengine-1.5.1]# chkconfig --list nginx查看
nginx 0:关闭 1:关闭 2:启用 3:启用 4:启用 5:启用 6:关闭
[root@crushlinux tengine-1.5.1]# service nginx start启动Tengine
启动 nginx: [确定]
五、配置Tengine
1)配置前先备份nginx配置文件
[root@crushlinux tengine-1.5.1]# mv /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf.bak
2)创建nginx程序用户www
[root@crushlinux tengine-1.5.1]# groupadd www
[root@crushlinux tengine-1.5.1]# useradd -g www -s /sbin/nologin www
3)编辑主配置文件:
[root@crushlinux tengine-1.5.1]# cd /usr/local/nginx/conf/
[root@crushlinux conf]# vi nginx.conf添加时请删除汉字注释信息
user www www; #定义运行用户及运行组 worker_processes 4; #定义工作进程数,通常为CPU的核心数或者两倍 error_log logs/error.log crit; #定义全局错误日志文件 日志的级别如下:crit为输出日志最少的 # debug|info|notice|warn|error|crit pid logs/nginx.pid; #定义进程ID的存储文件位置 #Specifies the value for maximum file descriptors that can be opened by this process. worker_rlimit_nofile 65535; events { use epoll; #Linux下最常用支持大并发的工作模式 worker_connections 65535; #定义每个进程的最大连接数 } http { include mime.types; #定义mime类型,类型由mime.type文件定义 default_type application/octet-stream; charset utf-8; #设置字符集 log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" ' '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" ' '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"'; #指定Nginx日志输出格式 access_log logs/access.log main; #设定请求缓冲 server_names_hash_bucket_size 256; #增加,原为128 client_header_buffer_size 256k; #增加,原为32k large_client_header_buffers 4 256k; #增加,原为32k #size limits client_max_body_size 50m; #定义客户端请求的最大的单个文件字节数 client_header_timeout 3m; #定义客户端请求头读取超时时间 client_body_timeout 3m; #定义客户端请求主体读取时间,默认60秒 send_timeout 3m; #定义响应客户端的超时时间 sendfile on; #开启高效文件传输模式 tcp_nopush on; #定义何时将缓存输出到最终用户(客户端) keepalive_timeout 60; #定义客户端连接保持活动的超时时间 tcp_nodelay on; #定义操作系统如何处理网络缓存 server_tokens on; #不显示nginx版本信息 limit_conn_zone $binary_remote_addr zone=perip:10m; #添加limit_zone,限制同一IP并发数 #fastcgi_intercept_errors on; #开启错误页面跳转 include gzip.conf; #压缩配置文件 include proxy.conf; #proxy_cache参数配置文件 include vhost/*.conf; #nginx虚拟主机包含文件目录 include mysvrhost.conf; #后端WEB服务器列表文件 }
4)编辑代理配置文件:
[root@crushlinux conf]# mkdir vhost
[root@crushlinux conf]# vi proxy.conf添加时请删除汉字注释信息
#注:proxy_temp_path和proxy_cache_path指定的路径必须在同一分区 proxy_temp_path /tmp/proxy_temp; #设置Web缓存区名称为cache_one,内存缓存空间大小为500MB,1天没有被访问的内容自动清除,硬盘缓存空间大小为30GB。 proxy_cache_path /tmp/proxy_cache levels=1:2 keys_zone=cache_one:500m inactive=1d max_size=30g; client_body_buffer_size 512k; #原为512k proxy_connect_timeout 50; #代理连接超时 proxy_read_timeout 600; #代理发送超时 proxy_send_timeout 600; #代理接收超时 proxy_buffer_size 128k; #代理缓冲大小,原为32k proxy_buffers 16 256k; #代理缓冲,原为4 64k proxy_busy_buffers_size 512k; #高负荷下缓冲大小,原为128k proxy_temp_file_write_size 1024m; #proxy缓存临时文件的大小原为128k #proxy_ignore_client_abort on; #不允许代理端主动关闭连接 proxy_next_upstream error timeout invalid_header http_500 http_503 http_404 http_502 http_504;
5)编辑主机配置文件:
[root@crushlinux conf]# vi /usr/local/nginx/conf/mysvrhost.conf 添加时请删除汉字注释信息
upstream cn100 { ip_hash; #会话保持 server 127.0.0.1:8080 max_fails=1 fail_timeout=60s; server 127.0.0.1:9080 max_fails=1 fail_timeout=60s; }
6)编辑压缩配置文件:
[root@crushlinux conf]# vi /usr/local/nginx/conf/gzip.conf添加时请删除汉字注释信息
#网页GZIP压缩设置 #2012.4.2 #可通过http://tool.chinaz.com/Gzips/检测压缩情况 #启动预压缩功能,对所有类型的文件都有效 #gzip_static on; #开启nginx_static后,对于任何文件都会先查找是否有对应的gz文件 #找不到预压缩文件,进行动态压缩 gzip on; gzip_min_length 1k; #设置最小的压缩值,单位为bytes.超过设置的min_length的值会进行压缩,小于的不压缩. gzip_comp_level 3; #压缩等级设置,1-9,1是最小压缩,速度也是最快的;9刚好相反,最大的压缩,速度是最慢的,消耗的CPU资源也多 gzip_buffers 16 64k; #设置系统的缓存大小,以存储GZIP压缩结果的数据流,它可以避免nginx频烦向系统申请压缩空间大小 gzip_types text/plain application/x-javascript text/css text/javascript; #关于gzip_types,如果你想让图片也开启gzip压缩,那么用以下这段吧: #gzip_types text/plain application/x-javascript text/css text/javascript application/x-httpd-php image/jpeg image/gif image/png; #gzip公共配置 gzip_http_version 1.1; #识别http的协议版本(1.0/1.1) gzip_proxied any; #设置使用代理时是否进行压缩,默认是off的 gzip_vary on; #和http头有关系,加个vary头,代理判断是否需要压缩 gzip_disable "MSIE [1-6]."; #禁用IE6的gzip压缩
7)编辑配置文件:
[root@crushlinux conf]# vi /usr/local/nginx/conf/vhost/cn100.conf 添加时请删除汉字注释信息
server { listen 80; server_name localhost; #默认启动文件 index index.html index.htm; #配置发布目录为/usr/local/tomcat1/webapps/ROOT root /usr/local/tomcat1/webapps/ROOT; location / { #如果后端的服务器返回502、504、执行超时等错误,自动将请求转发到upstream负载均衡池中的另一台服务器,实现故障转移。 proxy_next_upstream http_502 http_504 error timeout invalid_header; proxy_cache cache_one; #对不同的HTTP状态码设置不同的缓存时间 proxy_cache_valid 200 304 12h; #以域名、URI、参数组合成Web缓存的Key值,Nginx根据Key值哈希,存储缓存内容到二级缓存目录内 proxy_cache_key $host$uri$is_args$args; proxy_set_header Host $host; proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr; proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for; proxy_pass http://cn100; #对用户传输Set-Cookie的http头,不然无法支持一些包含cookie的应用,比如我的typecho proxy_pass_header Set-Cookie; #过期时间3天 expires 3d; } #用于清除缓存,假设一个URL为http://192.168.8.42/test.txt,通过访问http://192.168.8.42/purge/test.txt就可以清除该URL的缓存。 location ~ /purge(/.*) { #设置只允许指定的IP或IP段才可以清除URL缓存。 allow 127.0.0.1; allow 192.168.0.0/16; deny all; proxy_cache_purge cache_one $host$1$is_args$args; } # 查看nginx的并发连接数配置 location /NginxStatus { stub_status on; access_log off; auth_basic "NginxStatus"; } #定义Nginx输出日志的路径 #access_log /data/logs/nginx_wugk/access.log main; #error_log /data/logs/nginx_wugk/error.log crit; #access_log off; #根据自己的需要选择是否启用access日志,注释掉代表启用 error_page 404 /404.html; error_page 500 502 503 504 /404.html; location = /404.html { root html; } limit_conn perip 50; #同一ip并发数为50,超过会返回503 }
8)为Tengine配置系统的TCP设置
[root@crushlinux conf]# vi /etc/sysctl.conf net.ipv4.ip_forward = 0 net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter = 1 net.ipv4.conf.default.accept_source_route = 0 kernel.sysrq = 0 kernel.core_uses_pid = 1 net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies = 1 kernel.msgmnb = 65536 kernel.msgmax = 65536 kernel.shmmax = 68719476736 kernel.shmall = 4294967296 net.ipv4.tcp_max_tw_buckets = 6000 net.ipv4.tcp_sack = 1 net.ipv4.tcp_window_scaling = 1 net.ipv4.tcp_rmem = 4096 87380 4194304 net.ipv4.tcp_wmem = 4096 16384 4194304 net.core.wmem_default = 8388608 net.core.rmem_default = 8388608 net.core.rmem_max = 16777216 net.core.wmem_max = 16777216 net.core.netdev_max_backlog = 262144 net.core.somaxconn = 262144 net.ipv4.tcp_max_orphans = 3276800 net.ipv4.tcp_max_syn_backlog = 262144 net.ipv4.tcp_timestamps = 0 net.ipv4.tcp_synack_retries = 1 net.ipv4.tcp_syn_retries = 1 net.ipv4.tcp_tw_recycle = 1 net.ipv4.tcp_tw_reuse = 1 net.ipv4.tcp_mem = 94500000 915000000 927000000 net.ipv4.tcp_fin_timeout = 1 net.ipv4.tcp_keepalive_time = 30 net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 1024 65000 使配置生效: [root@crushlinux conf]# /sbin/sysctl -p
9)重Tengine
service nginx restart
10) 测试:
[root@crushlinux ~]# elinks --dump http://192.168.200.129
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