JDK5.0新特性系列---7.使用ProcessBuilder执行本地命令

 

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.BufferedWriter;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.OutputStreamWriter;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
 
/**
 * 在J2SE5.0之前使用Runtime的exec方法执行本地命令.
 * 在J2Se5.0之后,可以使用ProcessBuilder执行本地命令
 * 它提供的功能更加丰富,能够设置设置工作目录、环境变量等
 * 本例PorcessBuilder执行Windows操作系统的"ipconfig/all"命令,获取本机网卡的MAC地址
*/
/**关键技术剖析
 * 用本命令名和命令的参数选项构造ProcessBuilder对象,它的start方法执行命令,启动一个进程,返回一个Process对象
 * ProcessBuilder的environment方法获得运行进程的环境变量,得到一个Map,可以修改环境变量
 * ProcessBuilder的directory方法切换工作目录
 * Process的getInputStream方法获得进程的标准输出流,getErrorStream方法获得进程的错误输出流
*/
public class UsingProcessBuilder {
       /**获取Windows系统下的网卡的MAC地址*/
       public static List<String> getPhysicalAddress(){
              Process p = null;
              List<String> address = new ArrayList<String>(); //物理网卡列表
              try{
                     p = new ProcessBuilder("ipconfig","/all").start(); //执行ipconfig/all命令
              }catch(IOException e){
                     return address;
              }
              byte[] b = new byte[1024];
              int readbytes = -1;
              StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
              //读取进程输出值
              //在JAVA IO中,输入输出是针对JVM而言,读写是针对外部数据源而言
              InputStream in = p.getInputStream();
              try{
                     while((readbytes = in.read(b)) != -1){
                            sb.append(new String(b,0,readbytes));
                     }
              }catch(IOException e1){
              }finally {
                     try{
                            in.close();
                     }catch (IOException e2){
                     }
              }
              //以下是分析输出值,得到物理网卡
              String rtValue = sb.toString();
              int i = rtValue.indexOf("Physical Address. . . . . . . . . :");
              while (i > 0){
                     rtValue = rtValue.substring(i + "Physical Address. . . . . . . . . :".length());
                     address.add(rtValue.substring(1,18));
                     i = rtValue.indexOf("Physical Address. . . . . . . . . :");
              }
              return address;
       }
       /**执行自定义的一个命令,该命令放在C:/temp下,并且需要两个环境变量的支持*/
       public static boolean executeMyCommand1(){
              //创建系统进程创建器
              ProcessBuilder pb = new ProcessBuilder("myCommand","myArg1","myArg2");
              Map<String, String> env = pb.environment(); //获得进程的环境
              //设置和去除环境变量
              env.put("VAR1", "myValue");
              env.remove("VAR0");
              env.put("VAR2", env.get("VAR1") + ";");
              //迭代环境变量,获取属性名和属性值
              Iterator it=env.keySet().iterator();
              String sysatt = null;
              while(it.hasNext())
              {
                     sysatt = (String)it.next();
                     System.out.println("System Attribute:"+sysatt+"="+env.get(sysatt));
              }
              pb.directory(new File("C:/temp"));
              try{
                     Process p = pb.start(); //得到进程实例
                     //等待进程执行完毕
                     if(p.waitFor() != 0){
                            //如果进程运行结果不为0,表示进程是错误退出的
                            //获得进程实例的错误输出
                            InputStream error = p.getErrorStream();
                            //do something
                     }
                     InputStream sdin = p.getInputStream(); //获得进程实例的标准输出
                     //do something
              }catch(IOException e){
              }catch(InterruptedException e){
              }
              return true;
       }
       public static void executeMyCommand2(){
              ProcessBuilder pb = null;
              String sysatt = null;
              try
        {
            //创建一个进程示例
            pb = new ProcessBuilder("cmd.exe");
            //获取系统参数并打印显示
            Map<String, String> env = pb.environment();
            Iterator it=env.keySet().iterator();
            while(it.hasNext())
            {
                 sysatt = (String)it.next();
                System.out.println("System Attribute:"+sysatt+"="+env.get(sysatt));
            }
            //设置工作目录
            pb.directory(new File("d://myDir"));
            Process p = pb.start();
            //将要执行的Windows命令写入
            BufferedWriter bw=new BufferedWriter(newOutputStreamWriter(p.getOutputStream()));
            //'/r/n'是必须写入的     
            bw.write("test.bat /r/n");
            bw.write("ping -t www.yahoo.com.cn /r/n");
            //flush()方法是必须调用的
            bw.flush();
            //将执行结果打印显示
            InputStream is = p.getInputStream();
            InputStreamReader isr = new InputStreamReader(is, "GBK");
            BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(isr);
            String line;
            while ((line = br.readLine()) != null)
            {
                System.out.println(line);
            }
        }
        catch (Exception e)
        {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
       }
       public static void main(String[] args){
              List<String> address = UsingProcessBuilder.getPhysicalAddress();
              for(String add : address){
                     System.out.printf("物理网卡地址: %s%n",add);
              }
              executeMyCommand1();
              executeMyCommand2();
       }
}