Python学习笔记

我用的是ArcGIS中自带的python,版本是2.6.5


print "Hello world";


i=9;
print i;
a = "Hello world"
print a;


可以在三引号中自由使用单引号和双引号。

转义字符 \n 和其他语言类似。

变量的命名和其他语言类似。

使用变量时只需要给它们赋一个值,不需要声明和定义数据类型,与shell编程一样。


一、单行注释    

单行注释以#开头,例如:    print 6 #输出6  

二、多行注释    

(Python的注释只有针对于单行的注释(用#),这是一种变通的方法)    

多行注释用三引号'''将注释括起来,例如: ''' 多行注释 多行注释  '''

三、中文注释    

在文件头上写入: #coding=gbk或:#coding=utf-8

然#这个符号在python中表示注释,其实如果用pydev或者别的什么IDE来编写程序的时候,如果开头不声明保存编码格式,会默认使用ASKII码保存,那么代码中有中文就会有问题,即使你的中文是在注释里面。

a=True #逻辑型,单行注释,多行注释用三引号


#coding=utf-8
length =5;
width = 6;
area = length * width;
print 'area',area#这里的逗号不可以省略


#coding=utf-8
#输入整数
i=int(raw_input("输入一个整数:"));
if i>0:
    print("正数");
    print("木有报错哦!");
elif i==0:
    print("0");
    print("你输入一个0干嘛?");
else:
    print("负数");
print("完成");


#coding=utf-8
a=raw_input("输入一个字符串:");
print (a);


#coding=utf-8
number=23;
running=True;
while running:
    guess=int(raw_input("输入一个正数:"));
    if guess==number:
        print("你猜对了");
        running=False
    elif guess<number:
        print("再大一点");
    else:
        print("再小一点");
print("程序结束");


#coding=utf-8
for i in range(1,5):
    print(i); #打印1 2 3 4
else:     #这里可以不要else
    print("循环结束");
                                                              
for i in range(1,10,2):#步长为2
    print(i); #打印1 3 5 7 9


#coding=utf-8
while True:
    s=raw_input("输入一个字符串:");
    if s=="exit":
        break;
    if len(s)<3:
        continue;
    print("你输入的字符串的长度为"),len(s);
print("程序结束");



#coding=utf-8
def sayHello(): #定义函数
    print("Hello world!");
sayHello();  #调用函数


#coding=utf-8
def printMax(a,b):
    if(a>b):
        print a,"最大";
    else:
        print b,"最大";
printMax(3,4);


#coding=utf-8
#局部变量
def func(x):
    print "x的值是",x;
    x=2;
    print "x的值变成了",x;
x=50;
func(x);
print(x);


# coding=utf-8
def func():
    global x;  #定义全局变量
    print "x的值是", x;
    x = 2;
    print "改变x的值为", x;
x = 50;
func();
print"x的值为", x;


带返回值的函数
#coding=utf-8
def max(x,y):
    if x>y:
        return x;
    else:
        return y;
print max(2,3);



#使用DocStrings
#coding=utf-8
def printmax(x,y):
    "输出最大值";
    x=int(x)#转成整型
    y=int(y)
    if x>y:
        print x,"是最大值";
    else:
        print y,"是最大值";
                                
printmax(3,5);



#coding=utf-8
#使用sys模块
import sys;
print "The comm and lineargum entsare";
for i in sys.argv:
    print i;



#coding=utf-8
if __name__ == '_main_':
    print "This program is being run by itself"
else:
    print "I am being imported from another module";



#coding=utf-8
shoplist=["banana","apple","orange"];
print len(shoplist);#3
for item in shoplist:
    print item;
shoplist.append("rice");
print shoplist;#['banana', 'apple', 'orange', 'rice']
shoplist.sort();
print shoplist;#['apple', 'banana', 'orange', 'rice']
print "第一个元素是",shoplist[0];#第一个元素是 apple
olditem = shoplist[0];
del shoplist[0];
print shoplist;#['banana', 'orange', 'rice']


# coding=UTF-8
#元组
zoo = ('wolf', 'elephant', 'penguin');
print len(zoo) #3
new_zoo = ('monkey', 'dolphin', zoo)
print len(new_zoo); #3
print new_zoo  #('monkey', 'dolphin', ('wolf', 'elephant', 'penguin'))
print new_zoo[2]  #('wolf', 'elephant', 'penguin')
print new_zoo[2][2]  #penguin


# coding=UTF-8
# 元组与打印语句
age = 22
name = "umgsai"
print "%s is %d years old" % (name, age)  #umgsai is 22 years old
print "why is %s playing with that python" % name #why is umgsai playing with that python


# coding=UTF-8
# 元组与打印语句
ab = {'swaroop':'swaroopch@byte of python.info',
    'Larry':'[email protected]'
    }
print "Swaroop's address id %s " % ab['swaroop']
ab['Guido'] = '[email protected]'
del ab['Larry']
print len(ab)
for name, address in ab.items():
    print '%s %s' % (name, address)
if 'Guido' in ab:
    print "\nGuido's address is %s"%ab['Guido']
if ab.has_key('Guido'):
     print "\nGuido's address is %s"%ab['Guido']


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