Stripes视图框架实现ActionBean视图访问
Stripes最基本的实现是类似于Struts的请求，但没有Struts那么配置繁琐。下面就来看看怎样实现一个web应用的Action访问操作。本篇博文为设计Stripes的三种访问方式：普通Action的映射访问、类Servlet访问方式、Rest变参访问方式。前几天还没将Stripes应用示例打通，今天又本着不解决问题死不罢休的精神继续去弄，终于搞明白了。
1、编写Stripes的web.xml配置文件
该文件定义了第三方的工具包、过滤器类、以及映射关系和访问格式；在此配置文件中有两种Stripes的配置（特定模板的Action过滤配置和动态URL路径配置），它们互不排斥，相互包容，方便了用户不同业务需求下的访问模式。其配置内容如下：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:web="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" version="2.5"> <!-- 如果没使用到，此内容可以不添加 --> <context-param> <param-name>javax.servlet.jsp.jstl.fmt.localizationContext</param-name> <param-value>StripesResources</param-value> </context-param> <!-- 基本ActionBean访问过滤配置 --> <filter> <display-name>Stripes Filter</display-name> <filter-name>StripesFilter</filter-name> <filter-class>net.sourceforge.stripes.controller.StripesFilter</filter-class> <init-param> <param-name>ActionResolver.Packages</param-name> <param-value>com.boonya.stripes.actions</param-value> </init-param> <init-param> <param-name>Interceptor.Classes</param-name> <param-value> net.sourceforge.stripes.integration.spring.SpringInterceptor </param-value> </init-param> </filter> <filter-mapping> <filter-name>StripesFilter</filter-name> <servlet-name>StripesDispatcher</servlet-name> <dispatcher>REQUEST</dispatcher> </filter-mapping> <servlet> <servlet-name>StripesDispatcher</servlet-name> <servlet-class>net.sourceforge.stripes.controller.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class> <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup> </servlet> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>StripesDispatcher</servlet-name> <url-pattern>*.action</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> <!-- 动态配置隐射过滤器 --> <filter> <description>Dynamically maps URLs to ActionBeans.</description> <display-name>Stripes Dynamic Mapping Filter</display-name> <filter-name>DynamicMappingFilter</filter-name> <filter-class> net.sourceforge.stripes.controller.DynamicMappingFilter </filter-class> <init-param> <param-name>ActionResolver.Packages</param-name> <param-value>com.boonya.stripes.actions</param-value> </init-param> </filter> <filter-mapping> <filter-name>DynamicMappingFilter</filter-name> <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern> <dispatcher>REQUEST</dispatcher> <dispatcher>FORWARD</dispatcher> <dispatcher>INCLUDE</dispatcher> </filter-mapping> <!-- 欢迎界面 --> <welcome-file-list> <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file> </welcome-file-list> </web-app>
2、导入需要的jar包到项目WEB-INF的lib目录下
此处需要加入的jar包，由于Stripes实现的时候用到了springframework的jar包，所以需要在项目中添加，否则在访问页面时会有异常产生。示例项目目录结构如下图：
注：上面所示的Jar有个别不需要，如果需要使用Spring整合建议保留；另外，根目录下下还需要一个消息配置文件StripesResources.properties，缺少它在数据验证的时候无法处理消息信息。
3、编写抽象的ActionBean，AbstractActionBean
因为在每个ActionBean中都使用到了上下文对象设置，这部分属于公共行为，所以将其抽象出来。
package com.boonya.stripes.actions; import java.io.Serializable; import net.sourceforge.stripes.action.ActionBean; import net.sourceforge.stripes.action.ActionBeanContext; import net.sourceforge.stripes.action.SimpleMessage; public abstract class AbstractActionBean implements ActionBean, Serializable { private static final long serialVersionUID = -1767714708233127983L; protected static final String ERROR = "/WEB-INF/Error.jsp"; protected transient ActionBeanContext context; protected void setMessage(String value) { context.getMessages().add(new SimpleMessage(value)); } public ActionBeanContext getContext() { return context; } public void setContext(ActionBeanContext context) { this.context = context; } }
注：系统中公用的页面也可以设置在这里，应为这是所有对象的基本行为方式和处理逻辑。
4、编写业务需要的ActionBean
方式一：基本Action映射访问
package com.boonya.stripes.actions; import net.sourceforge.stripes.action.DefaultHandler; import net.sourceforge.stripes.action.ForwardResolution; import net.sourceforge.stripes.action.HandlesEvent; import net.sourceforge.stripes.action.SessionScope; @SessionScope public class HelloActionBean extends AbstractActionBean { private static final long serialVersionUID = -8946154817549504368L; protected static final String HELLO ="/WEB-INF/Hello.jsp"; protected static final String BLOG ="/WEB-INF/Blog.jsp"; // 传递到指定的页面的参数 private String name="boonya-only-hellos"; public void setName(String name) { this.name = name; } public String getName() { return name; } /** * 默认跳转页面(@DefaultHandler) * @return */ @DefaultHandler public ForwardResolution view() { return new ForwardResolution(HELLO); } /** * 指定跳转页面(@HandlesEvent)处理,可以不添加该注解 * @return */ @HandlesEvent("viewToBlog") public ForwardResolution viewToBlog() { this.name=this.getClass().getName(); return new ForwardResolution(BLOG); } }
方式二：类Servlet访问方式
package com.boonya.stripes.actions; import net.sourceforge.stripes.action.ActionBeanContext; import net.sourceforge.stripes.action.DefaultHandler; import net.sourceforge.stripes.action.ForwardResolution; import net.sourceforge.stripes.action.HandlesEvent; import net.sourceforge.stripes.action.UrlBinding; // URL 隐射路径 @UrlBinding("/hellos") public class WorldActionBean extends AbstractActionBean { private static final long serialVersionUID = 3073270783412011577L; protected static final String WORLD ="/WEB-INF/World.jsp"; protected static final String BLOG ="/WEB-INF/Blog.jsp"; // 传递到指定的页面的参数 private String name="boonya-page"; protected transient ActionBeanContext context; @Override public ActionBeanContext getContext() { return context; } @Override public void setContext(ActionBeanContext context) { this.context = context; } public void setName(String name) { this.name = name; } public String getName() { return name; } /** * 默认跳转页面(@DefaultHandler) * @return */ @DefaultHandler public ForwardResolution view() { return new ForwardResolution(WORLD); } /** * 指定跳转页面(@HandlesEvent)处理,可以不添加该注解 * @return */ @HandlesEvent("viewToBlog") public ForwardResolution viewToBlog() { this.name=this.getClass().getName(); return new ForwardResolution(BLOG); } }
方式三：Rest风格变参访问
package com.boonya.stripes.actions; import net.sourceforge.stripes.action.DefaultHandler; import net.sourceforge.stripes.action.ForwardResolution; import net.sourceforge.stripes.action.HandlesEvent; import net.sourceforge.stripes.action.UrlBinding; // URL 隐射路径 @UrlBinding("/helloworld/{name}") public class HelloWorldActionBean extends AbstractActionBean { private static final long serialVersionUID = 2276458379123668500L; protected static final String WORLD ="/WEB-INF/HelloWorld.jsp"; protected static final String BLOG ="/WEB-INF/Blog.jsp"; // 传递到指定的页面的参数 private String name; public void setName(String name) { this.name = name; } public String getName() { return name; } /** * 默认跳转页面(@DefaultHandler) * @return */ @DefaultHandler public ForwardResolution view() { return new ForwardResolution(WORLD); } /** * 指定跳转页面(@HandlesEvent)处理,可以不添加该注解 * @return */ @HandlesEvent("viewToBlog") public ForwardResolution viewToBlog() { this.name=this.getClass().getName(); return new ForwardResolution(BLOG); } }
5、编写测试JSP页面
index.jsp
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
<style type="text/css">
body{
text-decoration: underline;
color: blue;
font-size: 12px;
font-family: '仿宋体';
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h3> <a href="actions/Hello.action">forward风格测试</a></h3>
<h3> <a href="hellos">Servlet风格测试</a></h3>
<h3> <a href="helloworld/boonya-test-rest">Rest风格的测试</a></h3>
</body>
</html>
Hello.jsp
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%> <%@ taglib prefix="stripes" uri="http://stripes.sourceforge.net/stripes.tld"%> <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"> <html> <title>Hello-page</title> <body> Hello ${actionBean.name} <br /> <br /> <stripes:link beanclass="com.boonya.stripes.actions.HelloActionBean"> <stripes:param name="name" value="boonya-hello" />Try again</stripes:link> <br> <stripes:link beanclass="com.boonya.stripes.actions.HelloActionBean" event="viewToBlog"> from Hello-page to visit boonya's blog </stripes:link> <br> </body> </html>
World.jsp
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%> <%@ taglib prefix="stripes" uri="http://stripes.sourceforge.net/stripes.tld"%> <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"> <html> <title>World-page</title> <body> Hello ${actionBean.name} <br /> <br /> <stripes:link beanclass="com.boonya.stripes.actions.WorldActionBean"> <stripes:param name="name" value="boonya-world" />Try again</stripes:link> <br> <stripes:link beanclass="com.boonya.stripes.actions.WorldActionBean" event="viewToBlog"> from World-page to visit boonya's blog </stripes:link> <br> </body> </html>
HelloWorld.jsp
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%> <%@ taglib prefix="stripes" uri="http://stripes.sourceforge.net/stripes.tld"%> <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"> <html> <title>HelloWorld-page</title> <body> Hello ${actionBean.name} <br /> <br /> <stripes:link beanclass="com.boonya.stripes.actions.HelloWorldActionBean"> <stripes:param name="name" value="boonya-world" />Try again</stripes:link> <br> <stripes:link beanclass="com.boonya.stripes.actions.HelloWorldActionBean" event="viewToBlog"> from HelloWorld-page to visit boonya's blog </stripes:link> <br> </body> </html>
Blog.jsp
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%> <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"> <html> <head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"> <title>Blog-Page</title> </head> <body> <h3>welcome to boonya's blog.</h3> <h2 style="color: blue;">from action's class name: <font color="red">${actionBean.name}</font> </h2> </body> </html>
Error.jsp没什么特别的内容故不在此处写出。
6、项目部署测试访问
以下是测试访问的效果图：
系统首页显示：
forward显示：
servlet显示：
rest显示：
示例程序下载地址：http://download.csdn.net/detail/boonya/6506145