基于Linux和Postfix的邮件系统的web mail安装手册

参考地址:[url]http://www.thismail.org/bbs/viewthread.php?tid=1199&extra=page%3D1[/url]

记录的目的:主要是参考一下,其CLAMAV安装的方法

 

 

基于 Linux 和 Postfix 的邮件系统的 web mail 安装手册

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新增使用 mailscanner 来对进出邮件进行监管。 new
修正上一个版本的一些理解性和文件性错误。
主要“加强”了病毒过滤和垃圾邮件过滤，更加节约系统资源，使系统配置更简单化。
垃圾邮件过滤基本上达到了 95% 的成功率
本文首次使用 MailScanner+Clamav 配合对邮件病毒进行过滤。
经过严格病毒邮件测试成功率达到了 100% 。
翻译了病毒邮件提示为中文提示，让系统更加的人性化。

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Linux+Postfix+Cyrus-sasl+Courier-imap+Tmail3.0+spamassassin+Clamav+mailscanner

杨廷勇

Copyright © 2004 、 2005 、 2006

本文介绍使用 Linux+Postfix+Cyrus-sasl+Courier-imap+Tmail3.0+spamassassin+Clamav+mailscanner
来架构一个具有多域名，有邮件列表、 webmail 、防病毒、防垃圾邮件、 web 管理界面的邮件系统。
Jacky, $Revision: 4.51 bate $Date: 2006-3-9
系统主要采用 MailScanner+clamav+Spamassassin 来对病毒过滤和垃圾邮件过滤。

本文在 CentOS 、 REDHATas 上安装测试通过，病毒过滤放弃采用 amavisd 。主要采用执行效率更高的 MailSanner 来对邮件过滤和垃圾邮件过滤，配置更容易，并且降低了系统开消。让系统更加稳定，经过严格病毒邮件测试成功率达到了 100% 。垃圾邮件过滤基本上达到了 95% 的成功率。

文档目录

1. 安装系统
2. 关闭 selinux
3. 设置 YUM
4. 安装 mysql
5. 安装 apache
6. 安装 php
7. 安装 phpMyAdmin
8. 设置数据库：
9. 增加 postfix 的用户和组
10. 安装 postfix
11. 安装 Courier-authlib
12. 设置 authlib 的环境变量
13. 安装 Courier-imap
14. 配置系统
15. 配置 sasl 认证
16. 配置 courier-imap
17. 安装 WebMail
18. 启动服务测试
19. 安装 Clamav
20. 升级病毒库
21. 安装 Spamassassin
22. 安装 MailScanner
23. 设置 MailScanner
24. 测试病毒邮件


结束！


1. 安装系统

安装之前：因用户数据都保存在 /var 目录下，因此安装系统时 /var 的空间应尽量大。系统的版本为最小化安装，软件包只安装只装开发包 (development) 。在文档中假设服务器的 ip 地址为 192.168.0.2 ，域名为 test.com ，主机名为 mail.test.com 。所需的软件包我都打包好了。下载地址： [url]http://www.toping.net/soft/src.tar.gz[/url]

请兄弟们仔细一些，注意空格和 TAB 。

祝兄弟们好运。本人水平有限。如果发现文章中有什么错误和不当的地方请发邮件： [email protected] 。我会在第一时间给予答复。

2. 关闭 selinux

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CODE:

[root@mail]# vi /etc/selinux/config
SELINUX=disable
[root@mail]# reboot

3. 设置YUM

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CODE:

[root@mail yum.repos.d] vi CentOS-Base.repo
[base]
name=CentOS-4.2 - Base
baseurl=http://mirror.be10.com/centos/4.2/os/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://mirror.be10.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-centos4


#released updates
[update]
name=CentOS-4.2 - Updates
baseurl=http://mirror.be10.com/centos/4.2/updates/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://mirror.be10.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-centos4


#packages used/produced in the build but not released
[addons]
name=CentOS-4.2 - Addons
baseurl=http://mirror.be10.com/centos/4.2/addons/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://mirror.be10.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-centos4


#additional packages that may be useful
[extras]
name=CentOS-4.2 - Extras
baseurl=http://mirror.be10.com/centos/4.2/extras/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://mirror.be10.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-centos4


#additional packages that extend functionality of existing packages
[centosplus]
name=CentOS-4.2 - Plus
baseurl=http://mirror.be10.com/centos/4.2/centosplus/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
enabled=0
gpgkey=http://mirror.be10.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-centos4


#contrib - packages by Centos Users
[contrib]
name=CentOS-4.2 - Contrib
baseurl=http://mirror.be10.com/centos/4.2/contrib/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
enabled=0
gpgkey=http://mirror.be10.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-centos4


#packages in testing
[testing]
name=CentOS-4.2 - Testing
baseurl=http://mirror.be10.com/centos/4.2/testing/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
enabled=0
gpgkey=http://mirror.be10.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-centos4

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CODE:

[root@mail yum.repos.d]# vi dag.repo
[dag]
name=Dag RPM Repository for Red Hat Enterprise Linux
baseurl=http://apt.sw.be/redhat/el$releasever/en/$basearch/dag
gpgcheck=1
enabled=1

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CODE:

[root@mail yum.repos.d]# yum update

4. 安装mysql

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CODE:

[root@mail build]#yum install mysql-server
[root@mail build]#yum install mysql-devel

5. 安装apache

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CODE:

[root@mail build]#yum install httpd

6. 安装php

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CODE:

[root@mail build]#yum install php
[root@mail build]#yum install php-mysql
[root@mail build]#yum install php-gd
[root@mail build]#yum install php-imap

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CODE:

yum install vsftpd
yum install clamav
yum install spamassassin
/usr/bin/freshclam

设置apache
默认：

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CODE:

User apache

改为

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CODE:

User postfix

默认

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CODE:

Group apache

改为

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CODE:

Group postfix

默认

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CODE:

AddDefaultCharset UTF-8

改为

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CODE:

AddDefaultCharset gb2312

新加入：

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CODE:

AddType application/x-httpd-php .php
AddType application/x-httpd-php-source .phps

7. 安装 phpMyAdmin

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CODE:

[root@mail build]#tar �Czxf ../src/phpMyAdmin-2.8.0.1.tar.gz
[root@mail build]#mv phpMyAdmin-2.8.0.1 /var/www/html/dbadmin/
[root@mail build]#cp /var/www/html/dbadmin/libraries/config.default.php /var/www/html/dbadmin/dbadmin/libraries/config.inc.php (line 1.)

8.设置数据库
[

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CODE:

root@mail build]#mysql
Mysql> create datases postfix;
Mysql> use mysql;
Mysql> INSERT INTO user (host,user,password) VALUES('localhost','postfix','');
Mysql> update user set password=password('postfix') where User='postfix';
Mysql> GRANT ALL ON postfix.* TO postfix@localhost IDENTIFIED BY "postfix";
Mysql> exit
[root@mail build] tar �Czxf ../src/webmail.tar.gz
[root@mail build] mysql �Cu root �Cp postfix < Tmail.sql

9. 增加postfix 的用户和组

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CODE:

[root@mail build] groupadd -g 12345 postfix
[root@mail build] useradd -u 12345 -g 12345 -c postfix -d/dev/null -s/sbin/nologin postfix
[root@mail build] groupadd -g 54321 postdrop

10. 安装postfix

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CODE:

[root@mail build] tar �Czxf ../src/postfix-2.2.8.tar.gz
[root@mail build] cd postfix-2.2.8
[root@mail build] patch -p1 < ../../src/postfix-2.2.8-vda.patch
[root@mail build] make -f Makefile.init makefiles \
'CCARGS=-DUSE_SASL_AUTH -DHAS_MYSQL -I/usr/include/mysql -I/usr/include/sasl' \
'AUXLIBS=-L/usr/lib/mysql -L/usr/lib/sasl2 -lmysqlclient -lsasl2 -lz -lm'
[root@mail build] make
[root@mail build] make install

执行make install这里会出现很多问题，但postfix已经为我们设置好了默认的答案，直接使用这些答案就可以使postfix正常工作了，所以我们只要直接按回车就可以了

11. 安装Courier-authlib

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CODE:

[root@mail build] tar �Cjxf ../src/courier-authlib-0.58.tar.gz
[root@mail build] cd courier-authlib-0.58
[root@mail build] ./configure --prefix=/usr/lib/authlib --without-authpam \
--without-authcustom --without-authpgsql --without-authldap \
--without-authuserdb --without-authpwd --without-authshadow \
--without-authvchkpw --with-authmysql \
--with-authdaemonvar=/usr/lib/authlib/var \
--mandir=/usr/lib/man --without-stdheaderdir \
--sysconfdir=/usr/lib/authlib/etc \
--with-redhat
[root@mail build] make
[root@mail build] make install
[root@mail build] make install-migrate
[root@mail build] make install-configure

12. 设置authlib 的环境变量

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CODE:

[root@mail build] COURIERAUTHCONFIG=/usr/lib/authlib/bin/courierauthconfig
[root@mail build] export COURIERAUTHCONFIG

13. 安装Courier-imap

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CODE:

[root@mail build] tar �Cjxf ../src/courier-imap-4.0.6.tar.gz
[root@mail build] cd courier-imap-4.0.6
[root@mail build] ./configure �Cprefix=/usr/lib/imapd \
--silent --without-authpgsql --without-ipv6 \
--with-redhat --with-authmysql \
--mandir=/usr/lib/man --disable-root-check
[root@mail build] make
[root@mail build] make install
[root@mail build] make install-configure

14. 配置系统

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CODE:

[root@mail build] mv /etc/aliases /etc/aliases.bak
[root@mail build] ln -s /etc/postfix/aliases /etc/aliases
[root@mail build] echo 'root: postfix'>>/etc/postfix/aliases
[root@mail build] /usr/bin/newaliases
[root@mail build] mv /var/mail /var/mail.bak
[root@mail build] mkdir /var/mail
[root@mail build] chown -R postfix:postfix /var/mail
[root@mail build] mv /etc/postfix/main.cf /etc/postfix/main.cf.bak
[root@mail build] vi /etc/postfix/main.cf
command_directory = /usr/sbin
config_directory = /etc/postfix
daemon_directory = /usr/libexec/postfix
debug_peer_level = 2
html_directory = no
mail_owner = postfix
mailq_path = /usr/bin/mailq
manpage_directory = /usr/local/man
newaliases_path = /usr/bin/newaliases
queue_directory = /var/spool/postfix
readme_directory = no
sample_directory = /etc/postfix
sendmail_path = /usr/sbin/sendmail
setgid_group = postdrop
unknown_local_recipient_reject_code = 550
header_checks = regexp:/etc/postfix/header_checks
#############NEW ADD#####################
#=====================BASE=====================
myhostname = mail.test.com
mydomain = test.com
mydestination = $myhostname
local_recipient_maps =
local_transport = virtual
#=====================MySQL=====================
virtual_alias_maps = mysql:/etc/postfix/mysql/mysql_virtual_alias_maps.cf
virtual_gid_maps = static:54321
virtual_mailbox_base = /
virtual_mailbox_domains = mysql:/etc/postfix/mysql/mysql_virtual_domains_maps.cf
virtual_mailbox_limit = 51200000
virtual_mailbox_maps = mysql:/etc/postfix/mysql/mysql_virtual_mailbox_maps.cf
virtual_minimum_uid = 125
virtual_transport = virtual
virtual_uid_maps = static:12345
#=====================Quota=====================
virtual_create_maildirsize = yes
virtual_mailbox_extended = yes
virtual_mailbox_limit_maps = mysql:/etc/postfix/mysql/mysql_virtual_mailbox_limit_maps.cf
virtual_mailbox_limit_override = yes
virtual_maildir_limit_message = Sorry, the user's maildir has overdrawn his diskspace quota, please try again later.
virtual_overquota_bounce = yes
#====================SASL=====================
smtpd_sasl_auth_enable = yes
smtpd_sasl_security_options = noanonymous
broken_sasl_auth_clients = yes
smtpd_delay_reject=yes
smtpd_recipient_restrictions = permit_mynetworks,permit_sasl_authenticated,permit_auth_destination,reject
smtpd_client_restrictions = permit_sasl_authenticated

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CODE:

[root@mail build] vi mysql_virtual_alias_maps.cf
user = postfix
password = postfix
hosts = localhost
dbname = postfix
query = SELECT alias FROM userinfo WHERE address='%s' AND active = 1

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CODE:

[root@mail build] vi mysql_virtual_domains_maps.cf
user = postfix
password = postfix
hosts = localhost
dbname = postfix
query = SELECT domain FROM domaininfo WHERE domain='%s'

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CODE:

[root@mail build] vi mysql_virtual_mailbox_limit_maps.cf
user = postfix
password = postfix
hosts = localhost
dbname = postfix
query = SELECT quota FROM userinfo WHERE address='%s'

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CODE:

[root@mail build] vi mysql_virtual_mailbox_maps.cf
user = postfix
password = postfix
hosts = localhost
dbname = postfix
query = SELECT maildir FROM userinfo WHERE address='%s' AND active = 1

15. 配置sasl 认证

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CODE:

[root@mail build] vi /usr/lib/sasl2/smtpd.conf
pwcheck_method: authdaemond
log_level: 3
mech_list: plain login
authdaemond_path:/usr/lib/authlib/var/socket

16.配置courier-imap

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CODE:

[root@mail build] mv /usr/lib/authlib/etc/authlib/authmysqlrc /usr/lib/authlib/etc/authlib/authmysqlrc.bak
[root@mail build] vi /usr/lib/authlib/etc/authlib/authmysqlrc
MYSQL_SERVER localhost
MYSQL_USERNAME postfix
MYSQL_PASSWORD postfix
MYSQL_PORT 0
MYSQL_OPT 0
MYSQL_DATABASE postfix
MYSQL_USER_TABLE userinfo
MYSQL_CRYPT_PWFIELD passwd
MYSQL_UID_FIELD '12345'
MYSQL_GID_FIELD '54321'
MYSQL_LOGIN_FIELD address
MYSQL_HOME_FIELD homedir
MYSQL_NAME_FIELD realname
MYSQL_MAILDIR_FIELD maildir
MYSQL_QUOTA_FIELD quota

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CODE:

[root@mail build] mv /usr/lib/authlib/etc/authlib/authdaemonrc /usr/lib/authlib/etc/authlib/authdaemonrc.bak
[root@mail build] vi /usr/lib/authlib/etc/authlib/authdaemonrc
authmodulelist="authmysql"
authmodulelistorig="authmysql"
version="authdaemond.mysql"
daemons=5
subsystem=mail
DEBUG_LOGIN=0
DEFAULTOPTIONS="wbnodsn=1"

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CODE:

[root@mail build] vi /usr/lib/imapd/etc/pop3d
默认
POP3DSTART=NO
改为
POP3DSTART=YES
[root@mail build] vi /usr/lib/imapd/etc/imapd
默认
IMAPDSTART=NO
改为
IMAPDSTART=YES
[root@mail build] chmod +x /usr/lib/authlib/var/

17. 安装WebMail

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CODE:

[root@mail build] mv Tmail /var/www/html/webmail
[root@mail build] vi /var/www/html/webmail/config/config_inc.php
$CFG_BASEPATH = "/var/www/html/webmail/temp"; //临时目录
// Mysql
define(MYSQL_HOST, 'localhost'); //数据库主机名
define(MYSQL_USER, 'postfix'); //数据库用户名
define(MYSQL_PASS, 'postfix'); //数据库密码
define(MYSQL_DATA, 'postfix'); //数据库名称
$CFG_NETDISK_PATH = "/var/mail/netdisk"; //文件管理存储目录


[root@mail build] vi /var/www/html/webmail/webadmin/include/config.inc.php
// Mysql
define(MYSQL_HOST, 'localhost'); //数据库主机名
define(MYSQL_USER, 'postfix'); //数据库用户名
define(MYSQL_PASS, 'postfix'); //数据库密码
define(MYSQL_DATA, 'postfix'); //数据库名称

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CODE:

[root@mail build] mkdir /var/mail/netdisk
[root@mail build] chown �CR postfix:postfix /var/mail/netdisk
[root@mail build] mkdir /var/www/html/webmail/temp
[root@mail build] chown �CR postfix:postfix /var/www/html/webmail/temp


[root@mail build] cp courier-authlib-0.58/courier-authlib.sysvinit /etc/rc.d/init.d/courier-authlib
[root@mail build] chmod 755 /etc/rc.d/init.d/courier-authlib
[root@mail build] chkconfig �C-add courier-authlib
[root@mail build] cp courier-imap-4.0.6/courier-imap.sysvinit /etc/rc.d/init.d/courier-imap
[root@mail build] chmod 755 /etc/rc.d/init.d/courier-imap
[root@mail build] chkconfig �C-add courier-imap

18.启动服务测试

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CODE:

[root@mail build] chkconfig httpd on
[root@mail build] chkconfig mysqld on
[root@mail build] service httpd start
[root@mail build] service mysqld start
[root@mail build] service courier-authlib start
[root@mail build] service courier-imap start
[root@mail build] postfix start

通过后台加入域名和用户名（本文档中的域名为:test.com、用户名：[email protected]）

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CODE:

[root@mail build] perl -MMIME::Base64 -e 'print encode_base64("test\@test.com");'
dGVzdEB0ZXN0LmNvbQ==
[root@mail build] perl -MMIME::Base64 -e 'print encode_base64("000000");'
MDAwMDAw

[root@mail build]

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CODE:

telnet localhost 25
Trying 127.0.0.1...
Connected to localhost.localdomain (127.0.0.1).
Escape character is '^]'.
220 mail.test.com ESMTP Postfix
ehlo mail
250-mail.test.com
250-PIPELINING
250-SIZE 10240000
250-VRFY
250-ETRN
250-AUTH PLAIN LOGIN
250-AUTH=PLAIN LOGIN
250 8BITMIME
auth login
334 VXNlcm5hbWU6
dGVzdEB0ZXN0LmNvbQ== //用户名（ [email protected]）
334 UGFzc3dvcmQ6
MDAwMDAw // 密码（000000）
235 Authentication successful //表示成功验证通过

19. 安装Clamav

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CODE:

[root@mail build] rpm --import [url]http://dag.wieers.com/packages/RPM-GPG-KEY.dag.txt[/url]
[root@mail build] rpm --import RPM-GPG-KEY.dag.txt
[root@mail build] rpm -q gpg-pubkey --qf "%{summary} -> %{version}-%{release}\n"
gpg(CentOS-4 key < [email protected]>) -> 443e1821-421f218f
gpg(Dag Wieers (Dag Apt Repository v1.0) < [email protected]>) -> 6b8d79e6-3f49313d

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CODE:

[root@mail build] vi /etc/yum.repos.d/dag.repo
[dag]
name=Dag RPM Repository for Red Hat Enterprise Linux
baseurl=http://apt.sw.be/redhat/el$releasever/en/$basearch/dag
gpgcheck=1
enabled=1


[root@mail build] yum update
[root@mail build] yum install clamav

20.升级病毒库

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CODE:

[root@mail build] /usr/bin/freshclam
ClamAV update process started at Thu Mar 9 17:23:21 2006
main.cvd is up to date (version: 36, sigs: 44686, f-level: 7, builder: tkojm)
daily.cvd is up to date (version: 1319, sigs: 1376, f-level: 7, builder: ccordes)

21. 安装Spamassassin

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CODE:

[root@mail build] yum install spamassassin
[root@mail build] service spamassassin start

22.安装MailScanner

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CODE:

[root@mail build] tar �Czxf ../src/MailScanner-4.51.5-1.rpm.tar.gz
[root@mail build] MailScanner-4.51.5-1/install.sh

23. 设置MailScanner

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CODE:

[root@mail build] chkconfig sendmail off
[root@mail build] chkconfig --level 2345 MailScanner on
[root@mail build] vi /etc/MailScanner/MailScanner.conf
%org-name% = toping.net
%org-long-name% = wooxian
%web-site% = [url]www.toping.net[/url]
%report-dir% = /etc/MailScanner/reports/cn
Run As User = postfix
Run As Group = postfix
Incoming Queue Dir = /var/spool/postfix/hold
Outgoing Queue Dir = /var/spool/postfix/incoming
MTA = postfix
Virus Scanners = clamav
Always Include SpamAssassin Report = yes
Use SpamAssassin = yes
Required SpamAssassin Score = 6
SpamAssassin User State Dir = /var/spool/MailScanner/spamassassin
SpamAssassin Install Prefix = /usr/bin
SpamAssassin Local Rules Dir = /etc/MailScanner

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CODE:

[root@mail build] yum install unrar
[root@mail build] unrar x ../src/cn.rar
[root@mail build] mv cn /etc/MailScanner/reports/
[root@mail build] mv /etc/postfix/header_check /etc/postfix/header_check.bak
[root@mail build] vi /etc/postfix/header_check
/^Received:/ HOLD
[root@mail build] chown �CR postfix:postfix /var/spool/MailScanner/*
[root@mail build] postfix stop
[root@mail build] service MailScanner start

24.测试病毒邮件

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CODE:

[root@mail build] telnet localhost 25
Trying 127.0.0.1...
Connected to localhost.localdomain (127.0.0.1).
Escape character is '^]'.
220 mail.test.com ESMTP Postfix
ehlo mail
250-mail.test.com
250-PIPELINING
250-SIZE 10240000
250-VRFY
250-ETRN
250-AUTH PLAIN LOGIN
250-AUTH=PLAIN LOGIN
250 8BITMIME
auth login
334 VXNlcm5hbWU6
dGVzdEB0ZXN0LmNvbQ== //用户名（ [email protected]）
334 UGFzc3dvcmQ6
MDAwMDAw // 密码（000000）
235 Authentication successful //表示成功验证通过
MAIL FROM:< [email protected]>
250 Ok
RCPT TO:< [email protected]>
250 Ok
DATA
354 End data with <CR><LF>.<CR><LF>
Subject:Virus test

X5O!P%@AP[4\PZX54(P^)7CC)7}$EICAR-STANDARD-ANTIVIRUS-TEST-FILE!$H+H*

.
250 Ok: queued as F0C221CC20     //出现F0C221CC20这行表示mailscanner运行成功了
quit
221 Bye
Connection closed by foreign host.

收到邮件后会在主题会变成： {Virus?} Virus test
邮件内容会是以下内容：
警告 : 此邮件有一个或多个附加档案被移除
警告 : 附加档案名称 : ( 详细讯息 ).
警告 : 请参考此信件附加档案 "toping.net-Attachment-Warning.txt" 取得更详细的资料

此讯息由 MailScanner 电子邮件防护系统发出
--------------------------------------------------------------------
原有邮件附加档案为 " 详细讯息 " 被列入拒绝处理的名单 .
且被替换为此讯息 .

若您仍希望收到 * 被感染的 * 附加档案 ,, 请联络系统管理者 . 包含以下内容 :

Thu Mar 9 15:57:25 2006 病毒侦测报告 :
ClamAV: msg-3682-1.txt contains Eicar-Test-Signature


求助问题 : 检查 the toping.net () MailScanner 机器的 /var/spool/MailScanner/quarantine/20060309 ( 编号 639F13F97B.BBC3F).
--
系统管理者

以上内容出现表示 mailscanner 的病毒过滤生效。并成功运行！！