新装数据库可能需要调整oracle数据库编码,否则在导入数据是可能会出错。
oracle11g更改字符集AL32UTF8为ZHS16GBK
Sql代码
Database character set (AL32UTF8) and Client character set (ZHS16GBK) are different.
Character set conversion may cause unexpected results.
Note: you can set the client character set through the NLS_LANG environment variable or the NLS_LANG registry key in
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\ORACLE\KEY_OraDb11g_home1.
SIMPLIFIED CHINESE_CHINA.ZHS16GBK 包含 AMERICAN_AMERICA.AL32UTF8.
-- 这可是个麻烦事,不是改客户端字符集的问题。要改数据库的字符集。
SQL>select userenv('language') from dual; //查看本机字符集
SQL> conn /as sysdba
SQL> shutdown immediate;
SQL> startup mount
SQL> ALTER SYSTEM ENABLE RESTRICTED SESSION;
SQL> ALTER SYSTEM SET JOB_QUEUE_PROCESSES=0;
SQL> ALTER SYSTEM SET AQ_TM_PROCESSES=0;
SQL> alter database open;
SQL> ALTER DATABASE CHARACTER SET ZHS16GBK;
ORA-12712: new character set must be a superset of old character set
--提示我们的字符集:新字符集必须为旧字符集的超集,这时我们可以跳过超集的检查做更改:
SQL> ALTER DATABASE character set INTERNAL_USE ZHS16GBK;
--我们看到这个过程和之前ALTER DATABASE CHARACTER SET操作的内部过程是完全相同的,也就是说INTERNAL_USE提供的帮助就是使Oracle数据库绕过了子集与超集的校验.
SQL> select * from v$nls_parameters;
SQL> shutdown immediate;
SQL> startup
SQL> select * from v$nls_parameters;
--以后安装oracle11g的时候记得选择自定义安装,把这个字符集的事情事先弄好。
数据库查询乱码:
oracle@gmcc-oracle:~>cat .profile
export NLS_LANG='AMERICAN_AMERICA.ZHS16GBK'
#SLES默认安装时:添加
vim /etc/profile.d/oracle.sh
export NLS_LANG='AMERICAN_AMERICA.ZHS16GBK'