NodeJs实现图片上传

关于formidable

NodeJs实现图片上传,此处主要用了插件:formidable

github上关于formidable的资料如下:

  https://github.com/felixge/node-formidable

  https://www.npmjs.org/package/formidable

 

创建项目安装formidable

1,创建项目sampleUpload

cd 工作目录
express -e sampleUpload

2,修改package.json文件,添加formidable依赖项

{
  "name": "sampleUpload",
  "version": "0.0.0",
  "private": true,
  "scripts": {
    "start": "node ./bin/www"
  },
  "dependencies": {
    "body-parser": "~1.13.2",
    "cookie-parser": "~1.3.5",
    "debug": "~2.2.0",
    "ejs": "~2.3.3",
    "express": "~4.13.1",
    "morgan": "~1.6.1",
    "serve-favicon": "~2.3.0",
    "formidable":"latest"
  }
}

3,安装依赖项

cd sampleUpload && npm install

安装成功,开始完成这个功能,文件目录如下图:

NodeJs实现图片上传_第1张图片

样式主要使用了bootstrap 3.0.3  https://github.com/twbs/bootstrap/releases/tag/v3.0.3

  JQuery:   官方下载

不在bootstrap包中的两个css文件代码如下:

body {
  min-height: 2000px;
}

.navbar-static-top {
  margin-bottom: 19px;
}

navbar-static-top.css
navbar-static-top.css
body {
  padding-top: 40px;
  padding-bottom: 40px;
  background-color: #eee;
}

.form-signin {
  max-width: 330px;
  padding: 15px;
  margin: 0 auto;
}
.form-signin .form-signin-heading,
.form-signin .checkbox {
  margin-bottom: 10px;
}
.form-signin .checkbox {
  font-weight: normal;
}
.form-signin .form-control {
  position: relative;
  font-size: 16px;
  height: auto;
  padding: 10px;
  -webkit-box-sizing: border-box;
     -moz-box-sizing: border-box;
          box-sizing: border-box;
}
.form-signin .form-control:focus {
  z-index: 2;
}
.form-signin input[type="text"] {
  margin-bottom: 10px;
  border-bottom-left-radius: 0;
  border-bottom-right-radius: 0;
}
.form-signin input[type="password"] {
  margin-bottom: 10px;
  border-top-left-radius: 0;
  border-top-right-radius: 0;
}

signin.css
signin.css

app.js文件中添加端口号8200(可以随便定,只要不和其他的程序冲突即可)

app.listen(8200,function(err){
   console.log("server started");
});

app.js中修改模板引擎为.html文件

app.set('view engine', 'html'); //设置模板文件的后缀名为.html
//运行ejs模板
app.engine(".html",require("ejs").__express);

index.html文件中构建表单并实现前端验证

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
  <head>
    <title><%= title %></title>
    <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/stylesheets/bootstrap.min.css" />
    <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/stylesheets/signin.css" />
  </head>
  <body>
    <h1><%= title %></h1>
   <div id="container" class="container">
       <% if(locals.success){%>
            <div id="alt_success" class="alert alert-success">
                <%- success%>
            </div>
       <%}%>
        <% if(locals.error){%>
           <div id="alt_warning" class="alert alert-warning">
            <%=error%>
           </div>
       <%}%>

          <form class="form-signin" role="form" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">
              <h2 class="form-signin-heading">上传文件</h2>
        <input id="fulAvatar" name="fulAvatar" type="file" class="form-control" /><br/>
         <button id="btnSub" class="btn btn-lg btn-primary" type="submit">上传</button>
          </form>
   </div>
  </body>
  <script src="/javascripts/jquery-2.1.4.min.js" type="text/javascript"></script>
  <script type="text/javascript">
       String.prototype.format = function (args) {
            var result = this;
            if (arguments.length > 0) {
                if (arguments.length == 1 && typeof (args) == "object") {
                    for (var key in args) {
                        if (args[key] != undefined) {
                            var reg = new RegExp("({" + key + "})", "g");
                            result = result.replace(reg, args[key]);
                        }
                    }
                }
                else {
                    for (var i = 0; i < arguments.length; i++) {
                        if (arguments[i] != undefined) {
                            var reg = new RegExp("({)" + i + "(})", "g");
                            result = result.replace(reg, arguments[i]);
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
            return result;
    }

    $(function(){

        $("#btnSub").on("click",function(){
            var fulAvatarVal=$("#fulAvatar").val();
            var errorTip='<div id="errorTip" class="alert alert-warning">{0}</div>';

            $("#errorTip,#alt_warning").remove();

            if(fulAvatarVal.length==0){
                $("#container").prepend(errorTip.format("请选择要上传的文件"));
                return false;
                
            }

            var extName=fulAvatarVal.substring(fulAvatarVal.lastIndexOf("."),fulAvatarVal.length).toLowerCase();
        alert(extName);
            if(extName!=".png" && extName!=".jpg"){
                $("#container").prepend(errorTip.format("只支持png和jpg格式图片"));
                return false;
            }
            return true;
        });
    })
  </script>
</html>
index.html

这里一定要注意表单的enctype属性,这个就不多作解释了,如果是初次接触,看看http://www.w3school.com.cn/tags/att_form_enctype.asp

实现index.js中上传逻辑:

var express = require('express')
    router = express.Router(),    
    formidable = require('formidable'),
      fs = require('fs'),
      TITLE = 'formidable上传示例',
    AVATAR_UPLOAD_FOLDER = '/avatar/'

/* GET home page. */
router.get('/', function(req, res) {
  res.render('index', { title: TITLE });
});

router.post('/', function(req, res) {

  var form = new formidable.IncomingForm();   //创建上传表单
      form.encoding = 'utf-8';        //设置编辑
      form.uploadDir = 'public' + AVATAR_UPLOAD_FOLDER;     //设置上传目录
      form.keepExtensions = true;     //保留后缀
      form.maxFieldsSize = 2 * 1024 * 1024;   //文件大小

    form.parse(req, function(err, fields, files) {

        if (err) {
          res.locals.error = err;
          res.render('index', { title: TITLE });
          return;        
        }  
       
        var extName = '';  //后缀名
        console.log("files.fulAvatar.type="+files.fulAvatar.type);
        switch (files.fulAvatar.type) {
            case 'image/pjpeg':
                extName = 'jpg';
                break;
            case 'image/jpeg':
                extName = 'jpg';
                break;         
            case 'image/png':
                extName = 'png';
                break;
            case 'image/x-png':
                extName = 'png';
                break;         
        }

        if(extName.length == 0){
              res.locals.error = '只支持png和jpg格式图片';
              res.render('index', { title: TITLE });
              return;                   
        }

        var avatarName = Math.random() + '.' + extName;
        var newPath = form.uploadDir + avatarName;

        console.log(newPath);
        fs.renameSync(files.fulAvatar.path, newPath);  //重命名
    });

     res.locals.success = '上传成功';
     res.render('index', { title: TITLE }); 
});

module.exports = router;
index.js

注意:在public文件夹中创建avatar文件夹以供文件存放

运行结果:

NodeJs实现图片上传_第2张图片

 

在项目中遇到的问题:

由于在html中代码写成:

<input id="fulAvatar" name="fulAvater" type="file" class="form-control" /><br/>

而在index.js中部分代码如下:

    form.parse(req, function(err, fields, files) {

        if (err) {
          res.locals.error = err;
          res.render('index', { title: TITLE });
          return;        
        }  
       
        var extName = '';  //后缀名
        console.log("files.fulAvatar.type="+files.fulAvatar.type);
        switch (files.fulAvatar.type) {
            case 'image/pjpeg':
                extName = 'jpg';
                break;
            case 'image/jpeg':
                extName = 'jpg';
                break;         
            case 'image/png':
                extName = 'png';
                break;
            case 'image/x-png':
                extName = 'png';
                break;         
        }

        if(extName.length == 0){
              res.locals.error = '只支持png和jpg格式图片';
              res.render('index', { title: TITLE });
              return;                   
        }

        var avatarName = Math.random() + '.' + extName;
        var newPath = form.uploadDir + avatarName;

        console.log(newPath);
        fs.renameSync(files.fulAvatar.path, newPath);  //重命名
    });

     res.locals.success = '上传成功';
     res.render('index', { title: TITLE }); 

运行之后总是报以下异常:

NodeJs实现图片上传_第3张图片

虽然报异常,但是上传图片确是成功的,界面显示上传成功。

原因是因为:

虽然form.parse方法中有异常,但是它是异步的,不妨碍以下代码的执行:

 res.locals.success = '上传成功';
     res.render('index', { title: TITLE }); 

上传成功是因为:

只要调用了form.parse方法就可以上传成功。

 

最终找到原因是因为html中上传控件的name值为:

<input id="fulAvatar" name="fulAvater" type="file" class="form-control" /><br/>

与index.js中的files.fulAuatar不一致导致的。

 switch (files.fulAvatar.type) {
            case 'image/pjpeg':
                extName = 'jpg';
                break;
            case 'image/jpeg':
                extName = 'jpg';
                break;         
            case 'image/png':
                extName = 'png';
                break;
            case 'image/x-png':
                extName = 'png';
                break;         
        }

把index.html中代码为以下即可:

<input id="fulAvatar" name="fulAvatar" type="file" class="form-control" /><br/>

 

 

具体参考:

http://www.cnblogs.com/zhongweiv/p/nodejs_express_formidable.html#node_web_install

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