爬虫爬取新闻（一）

    看到一个抓取新闻的爬虫，原文地址：http://www.lining0806.com/%E7%BD%91%E6%98%93%E6%96%B0%E9%97%BB%E6%8E%92%E8%A1%8C%E6%A6%9C%E6%8A%93%E5%8F%96%E5%9B%9E%E9%A1%BE/

    修改了下加入了一点改进，重要的是：能在python3下运行啦~

    附上源码：

   

# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-

import os,time
import sys
import urllib
from urllib import request
import re
from lxml import etree


def StringListSave(save_path, filename, slist):
    if not os.path.exists(save_path):
        os.makedirs(save_path)
    path = save_path+"/"+filename+".txt"
    with open(path, "w+", encoding='GB18030') as fp:
        for s in slist:
            fp.write("%s\t\t%s\n" % (s[0], s[1]))

def CellPage(save_path, filename, slist):
    '''单个新闻内容的存储'''
    folder = save_path+'/'+filename
    print (folder)
    if not os.path.exists(folder):
        os.mkdir(folder)
    i = 0
    for item, url in slist: 
        #设置每个频道保存多少条
        if i >= 50:break
        #过滤不符合windows的文件名
        newitem = re.sub(r"[\/\\\:\*\?\"\<\>\|]","",item)
        print (item)
        with open(folder+'/'+newitem+'.html', "w+", encoding='GB18030') as fp:
            PageContent = request.urlopen(url).read().decode("GB18030")
            fp.write("%s\n" %  PageContent)
        i += 1

def Page_Info(myPage):
    '''Regex'''
    mypage_Info = re.findall(r'<div class="titleBar" id=".*?"><h2>(.*?)</h2><div class="more"><a href="(.*?)">.*?</a></div></div>', myPage, re.S)
    return mypage_Info

def New_Page_Info(new_page):
    '''Regex(slowly) or Xpath(fast)'''
    dom = etree.HTML(new_page)
    new_items = dom.xpath('//tr/td/a/text()')
    new_urls = dom.xpath('//tr/td/a/@href')
    assert(len(new_items) == len(new_urls))
    return zip(new_items, new_urls)

def Spider(url):
    i = 0
    print ("downloading ", url)
    myPage = request.urlopen(url).read().decode("GB18030")
    myPageResults = Page_Info(myPage)
    ntime = time.strftime("%Y%m%d",time.localtime(time.time()))
    save_path = "news-" + ntime
    filename = str(i)+"_"+u"Ranking"
    StringListSave(save_path, filename, myPageResults)
    i += 1
    for item, url in myPageResults:
        print ("downloading ", url)
        new_page = request.urlopen(url).read().decode("GB18030")
        newPageResults = New_Page_Info(new_page)
        filename = str(i)+"_"+item
        StringListSave(save_path, filename, newPageResults)
        newPageResults = New_Page_Info(new_page)
        CellPage(save_path, filename, newPageResults)
        i += 1


if __name__ == '__main__':
    print ("start")
    start_url = "http://news.163.com/rank/"
    Spider(start_url)
    print ("end")

然后把它打包成exe文件，这次使用的是Pyinstaller

1. http://www.pyinstaller.org/ 在官网下载Pyinstaller

2. pyinstall 依赖一些windows组件，需要在http://sourceforge.net/projects/pywin32/ 下载相应版本，如pywin32-220.win32-py3.5.exe。如果出现“Unable to find vcvarsall.bat ”，可以直接下载编译好的http://www.lfd.uci.edu/~gohlke/pythonlibs/#lxml

3. 命令窗进入pyinstaller目录，运行

python pyinstaller.py --console --onefile hello.py

4. 文件就打包好了

5. 运行exe文件的时候有时候因为环境问题运行不起来，比如报以下错误：

只需要安装下VC2015即可。VC下载地址：http://pan.baidu.com/s/1o66GMLk