手工完全恢复（所有数据文件丢失）

实验环境：red hat 5.8

oracle环境：11.2.0.3

 

查看数据文件位置：

sys@TEST0910> col name for a50

sys@TEST0910> select file#,name from v$datafile;

     FILE# NAME

---------- --------------------------------------------------

         1 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/test0910/system01.dbf

         2 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/test0910/sysaux01.dbf

         3 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/test0910/undotbs01.dbf

         4 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/test0910/users01.dbf

         5 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/test0910/example01.dbf

         6 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/test0910/testtb.dbf

6 rows selected.

 

 

1、首先建立一张测试用的表。

sys@TEST0910> conn scott/tiger

Connected.

scott@TEST0910> create table test1 as select * from emp;

Table created.

 

 

2、实验之前，使用脚本，冷备份和热备份

冷备份参考：http://blog.csdn.net/rlhua/article/details/11850445

热备份参考：http://blog.csdn.net/rlhua/article/details/11850629

 

3、分三次插入数据：

sys@TEST0910> select count(*) from scott.test1;

  COUNT(*)

----------

        14

 

      1.插入，提交，归档

sys@TEST0910> insert into scott.test1 select * from scott.emp;

14 rows created.

sys@TEST0910> commit;

Commit complete.

sys@TEST0910>  alter system archive log current;

System altered.

sys@TEST0910> select count(*) from scott.test1;

  COUNT(*)

----------

        28

      2.插入，提交，不归档。

sys@TEST0910> insert into scott.test1 select * from scott.emp;

14 rows created.

sys@TEST0910> commit;

Commit complete.

sys@TEST0910> select count(*) from scott.test1;

  COUNT(*)

----------

        42

 

      3.插入，不提交，不归档。

sys@TEST0910> insert into scott.test1 select * from scott.emp;

14 rows created.

sys@TEST0910> select count(*) from scott.test1;

  COUNT(*)

----------

        56

 

 

4、模拟断电，shutdown abort

sys@TEST0910> shutdown abort;

ORACLE instance shut down.

 

 

5、删除所有数据文件

[oracle@rtest ~]$ rm -rf /u01/app/oracle/oradata/test0910/users01.dbf

[oracle@rtest ~]$ ls /u01/app/oracle/oradata/test0910/users01.dbf

ls: /u01/app/oracle/oradata/test0910/users01.dbf: No such file or directory

[oracle@rtest ~]$ cd /u01/app/oracle/oradata/test0910/

[oracle@rtest test0910]$ ls

control01.ctl  redo01.log  redo03.log    system01.dbf  testtb.dbf

example01.dbf  redo02.log  sysaux01.dbf  temp01.dbf    undotbs01.dbf

[oracle@rtest test0910]$ rm -rf *.dbf

[oracle@rtest test0910]$ ls

control01.ctl  redo01.log  redo02.log  redo03.log

 

 

6、起库，报错，查询缺失的数据文件

sys@TEST0910> startup

ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 2505338880 bytes

Fixed Size                  2230952 bytes

Variable Size             587203928 bytes

Database Buffers         1895825408 bytes

Redo Buffers               20078592 bytes

Database mounted.

ORA-01157: cannot identify/lock data file 1 - see DBWR trace file

ORA-01110: data file 1: '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/test0910/system01.dbf'

sys@TEST0910> select file#,error from v$recover_file;

     FILE# ERROR

---------- -----------------------------------------------------------------

         1 FILE NOT FOUND

         2 FILE NOT FOUND

         3 FILE NOT FOUND

         4 FILE NOT FOUND

         5 FILE NOT FOUND

         6 FILE NOT FOUND

6 rows selected.

 

 

7、用热备份转储文件

[oracle@rtest bak]$ cp /u01/app/oracle/bak/hot_bak/system01.dbf /u01/app/oracle/oradata/test0910/system01.dbf

[oracle@rtest bak]$ cp /u01/app/oracle/bak/hot_bak/sysaux01.dbf /u01/app/oracle/oradata/test0910/sysaux01.dbf

[oracle@rtest bak]$ cp /u01/app/oracle/bak/hot_bak/undotbs01.dbf /u01/app/oracle/oradata/test0910/undotbs01.dbf

[oracle@rtest bak]$ cp /u01/app/oracle/bak/hot_bak/users01.dbf /u01/app/oracle/oradata/test0910/users01.dbf

[oracle@rtest bak]$ cp /u01/app/oracle/bak/hot_bak/example01.dbf /u01/app/oracle/oradata/test0910/example01.dbf

[oracle@rtest bak]$ cp /u01/app/oracle/bak/hot_bak/testtb.dbf /u01/app/oracle/oradata/test0910/testtb.dbf

 

8、因为热备份时，是顺着来备份的，故数据文件的块头的scn不一致。

sys@TEST0910> select checkpoint_change# from v$database;

CHECKPOINT_CHANGE#

------------------

           1656909

sys@TEST0910> select file#,checkpoint_change# from v$datafile;

     FILE# CHECKPOINT_CHANGE#

---------- ------------------

         1            1656909

         2            1656909

         3            1656909

         4            1656909

         5            1656909

         6            1656909

6 rows selected.

sys@TEST0910> select file#,checkpoint_change# from v$datafile_header;

     FILE# CHECKPOINT_CHANGE#

---------- ------------------

         1            1645562

         2            1645575

         3            1645599

         4            1647795

         5            1647968

         6            1648619

6 rows selected.

 

9、转储完，此时需要恢复数据库。

sys@TEST0910> alter database open;

alter database open

*

ERROR at line 1:

ORA-01113: file 1 needs media recovery

ORA-01110: data file 1: '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/test0910/system01.dbf'

sys@TEST0910> recover database;

ORA-00279: change 1645562 generated at 09/19/2013 20:13:51 needed for thread 1

ORA-00289: suggestion :

/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/TEST0910/archivelog/2013_09_19/o1_mf_1_39_93q4z4lt_.arc

ORA-00280: change 1645562 for thread 1 is in sequence #39

Specify log: {<RET>=suggested | filename | AUTO | CANCEL}

auto

ORA-00279: change 1648611 generated at 09/19/2013 20:16:35 needed for thread 1

ORA-00289: suggestion :

/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/TEST0910/archivelog/2013_09_19/o1_mf_1_40_93qc5g30_.arc

ORA-00280: change 1648611 for thread 1 is in sequence #40

Log applied.

Media recovery complete.

sys@TEST0910> alter database open;

Database altered.

sys@TEST0910> select count(*) from scott.test1;

  COUNT(*)

----------

        42

 

测试完毕。