硬件驱动

按照一定的顺序操作控制寄存器组（芯片内的人机交互），前后台系统中驱动和应用程序合为一体（驱动的概念比较模糊），宏内核Linux则将两者实现了分类，微内核uC/OS介于两者之间。

（转自TI）The Stellaris Peripheral Driver Library provides support for two programming models: the direct register access model and the software driver model. Each programming model can be used independently or combined, based on the needs of the application or the programming environment desired by the developer. The direct register access model includes header files for each specific Stellaris MCU and will generally result in smaller and more efficient code in a software development environment familiar to most deeply embedded firmware engineers and to engineers used to working with 8- and 16-bit MCUs. The software driver model insulates the software engineer from hardware details including the operation of each register, bit field, their interactions, and sequencing required for the proper operation of the peripheral, generally requiring less time to develop applications

编写驱动程序模块应满足以下主要功能：① 对设备初始化；② 把数据从内核传送到硬件和从硬件读取数据；③ 读取应用程序传送给设备的数据和回送应用程序请求的数据；④ 监测和处理设备出现的异常。