xml布局文件里直接使用背景图导致爆内存的情况处理

在产品发布出去后，经常收到布局文件里边使用被背景图导致到内存的情况，一般报错日志如下：
StackTrace : Unable to start activity ComponentInfo{com.gtp.nextlauncher.trial/com.gtp.nextlauncher.trial.recommand.RecommandGoSmsActivity}: android.view.InflateException: Binary XML file line #2: Error inflating class android.widget.RelativeLayoutjava.lang.RuntimeException: Unable to start activity ComponentInfo{com.gtp.nextlauncher.trial/com.gtp.nextlauncher.trial.recommand.RecommandGoSmsActivity}: android.view.InflateException: Binary XML file line #2: Error inflating class android.widget.RelativeLayout
at android.app.ActivityThread.performLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:1659)
at android.app.ActivityThread.handleLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:1675)
at android.app.ActivityThread.access$1500(ActivityThread.java:121)
at android.app.ActivityThread$H.handleMessage(ActivityThread.java:943)
at android.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:99)
at android.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:123)
at android.app.ActivityThread.main(ActivityThread.java:3701)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invokeNative(Native Method)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:507)
at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit$MethodAndArgsCaller.run(ZygoteInit.java:862)
at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit.main(ZygoteInit.java:620)
at dalvik.system.NativeStart.main(Native Method)
Caused by: android.view.InflateException: Binary XML file line #2: Error inflating class android.widget.RelativeLayout
at android.view.LayoutInflater.createView(LayoutInflater.java:518)
at com.android.internal.policy.impl.PhoneLayoutInflater.onCreateView(PhoneLayoutInflater.java:56)
at android.view.LayoutInflater.createViewFromTag(LayoutInflater.java:568)
at android.view.LayoutInflater.inflate(LayoutInflater.java:386)
at android.view.LayoutInflater.inflate(LayoutInflater.java:320)
at android.view.LayoutInflater.inflate(LayoutInflater.java:276)
at com.android.internal.policy.impl.PhoneWindow.setContentView(PhoneWindow.java:207)
at android.app.Activity.setContentView(Activity.java:1657)
at com.gtp.nextlauncher.trial.recommand.RecommandGoSmsActivity.onCreate(RecommandGoSmsActivity.java:30)
at android.app.Instrumentation.callActivityOnCreate(Instrumentation.java:1047)
at android.app.ActivityThread.performLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:1623)
... 11 more
Caused by: java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException
at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.constructNative(Native Method)
at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Constructor.java:415)
at android.view.LayoutInflater.createView(LayoutInflater.java:505)
... 21 more
Caused by: java.lang.OutOfMemoryError: bitmap size exceeds VM budget
at android.graphics.BitmapFactory.nativeDecodeAsset(Native Method)
at android.graphics.BitmapFactory.decodeStream(BitmapFactory.java:460)
at android.graphics.BitmapFactory.decodeResourceStream(BitmapFactory.java:336)
at android.graphics.drawable.Drawable.createFromResourceStream(Drawable.java:715)
at android.content.res.Resources.loadDrawable(Resources.java:1713)
at android.content.res.TypedArray.getDrawable(TypedArray.java:601)
at android.view.View.(View.java:1969)
at android.view.View.(View.java:1917)
at android.view.ViewGroup.(ViewGroup.java:304)
at android.widget.RelativeLayout.(RelativeLayout.java:173)
... 24 more
android.view.InflateException: Binary XML file line #2: Error inflating class android.widget.RelativeLayout
at android.view.LayoutInflater.createView(LayoutInflater.java:518)
at com.android.internal.policy.impl.PhoneLayoutInflater.onCreateView(PhoneLayoutInflater.java:56)
at android.view.LayoutInflater.createViewFromTag(LayoutInflater.java:568)
at android.view.LayoutInflater.inflate(LayoutInflater.java:386)
at android.view.LayoutInflater.inflate(LayoutInflater.java:320)
at android.view.LayoutInflater.inflate(LayoutInflater.java:276)
at com.android.internal.policy.impl.PhoneWindow.setContentView(PhoneWindow.java:207)
at android.app.Activity.setContentView(Activity.java:1657)
at com.gtp.nextlauncher.trial.recommand.RecommandSmsActivity.onCreate(RecommandSmsActivity.java:30)
at android.app.Instrumentation.callActivityOnCreate(Instrumentation.java:1047)
at android.app.ActivityThread.performLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:1623)
at android.app.ActivityThread.handleLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:1675)
at android.app.ActivityThread.access$1500(ActivityThread.java:121)
at android.app.ActivityThread$H.handleMessage(ActivityThread.java:943)
at android.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:99)
at android.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:123)
at android.app.ActivityThread.main(ActivityThread.java:3701)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invokeNative(Native Method)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:507)
at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit$MethodAndArgsCaller.run(ZygoteInit.java:862)
at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit.main(ZygoteInit.java:620)
at dalvik.system.NativeStart.main(Native Method)
Caused by: java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException
at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.constructNative(Native Method)
at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Constructor.java:415)
at android.view.LayoutInflater.createView(LayoutInflater.java:505)
... 21 more
Caused by: java.lang.OutOfMemoryError: bitmap size exceeds VM budget
at android.graphics.BitmapFactory.nativeDecodeAsset(Native Method)
at android.graphics.BitmapFactory.decodeStream(BitmapFactory.java:460)
at android.graphics.BitmapFactory.decodeResourceStream(BitmapFactory.java:336)
at android.graphics.drawable.Drawable.createFromResourceStream(Drawable.java:715)
at android.content.res.Resources.loadDrawable(Resources.java:1713)
at android.content.res.TypedArray.getDrawable(TypedArray.java:601)
at android.view.View.(View.java:1969)
at android.view.View.(View.java:1917)
at android.view.ViewGroup.(ViewGroup.java:304)
at android.widget.RelativeLayout.(RelativeLayout.java:173)
... 24 more
java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException
at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.constructNative(Native Method)
at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Constructor.java:415)
at android.view.LayoutInflater.createView(LayoutInflater.java:505)
at com.android.internal.policy.impl.PhoneLayoutInflater.onCreateView(PhoneLayoutInflater.java:56)
at android.view.LayoutInflater.createViewFromTag(LayoutInflater.java:568)
at android.view.LayoutInflater.inflate(LayoutInflater.java:386)
at android.view.LayoutInflater.inflate(LayoutInflater.java:320)
at android.view.LayoutInflater.inflate(LayoutInflater.java:276)
at com.android.internal.policy.impl.PhoneWindow.setContentView(PhoneWindow.java:207)
at android.app.Activity.setContentView(Activity.java:1657)
at com.gtp.nextlauncher.trial.recommand.RecommandSmsActivity.onCreate(RecommandSmsActivity.java:30)
at android.app.Instrumentation.callActivityOnCreate(Instrumentation.java:1047)
at android.app.ActivityThread.performLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:1623)
at android.app.ActivityThread.handleLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:1675)
at android.app.ActivityThread.access$1500(ActivityThread.java:121)
at android.app.ActivityThread$H.handleMessage(ActivityThread.java:943)
at android.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:99)
at android.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:123)
at android.app.ActivityThread.main(ActivityThread.java:3701)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invokeNative(Native Method)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:507)
at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit$MethodAndArgsCaller.run(ZygoteInit.java:862)
at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit.main(ZygoteInit.java:620)
at dalvik.system.NativeStart.main(Native Method)
Caused by: java.lang.OutOfMemoryError: bitmap size exceeds VM budget
at android.graphics.BitmapFactory.nativeDecodeAsset(Native Method)
at android.graphics.BitmapFactory.decodeStream(BitmapFactory.java:460)
at android.graphics.BitmapFactory.decodeResourceStream(BitmapFactory.java:336)
at android.graphics.drawable.Drawable.createFromResourceStream(Drawable.java:715)
at android.content.res.Resources.loadDrawable(Resources.java:1713)
at android.content.res.TypedArray.getDrawable(TypedArray.java:601)
at android.view.View.(View.java:1969)
at android.view.View.(View.java:1917)
at android.view.ViewGroup.(ViewGroup.java:304)
at android.widget.RelativeLayout.(RelativeLayout.java:173)
... 24 more
java.lang.OutOfMemoryError: bitmap size exceeds VM budget
at android.graphics.BitmapFactory.nativeDecodeAsset(Native Method)
at android.graphics.BitmapFactory.decodeStream(BitmapFactory.java:460)
at android.graphics.BitmapFactory.decodeResourceStream(BitmapFactory.java:336)
at android.graphics.drawable.Drawable.createFromResourceStream(Drawable.java:715)
at android.content.res.Resources.loadDrawable(Resources.java:1713)
at android.content.res.TypedArray.getDrawable(TypedArray.java:601)
at android.view.View.(View.java:1969)
at android.view.View.(View.java:1917)
at android.view.ViewGroup.(ViewGroup.java:304)
at android.widget.RelativeLayout.(RelativeLayout.java:173)
at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.constructNative(Native Method)
at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Constructor.java:415)
at android.view.LayoutInflater.createView(LayoutInflater.java:505)
at com.android.internal.policy.impl.PhoneLayoutInflater.onCreateView(PhoneLayoutInflater.java:56)
at android.view.LayoutInflater.createViewFromTag(LayoutInflater.java:568)
at android.view.LayoutInflater.inflate(LayoutInflater.java:386)
at android.view.LayoutInflater.inflate(LayoutInflater.java:320)
at android.view.LayoutInflater.inflate(LayoutInflater.java:276)
at com.android.internal.policy.impl.PhoneWindow.setContentView(PhoneWindow.java:207)
at android.app.Activity.setContentView(Activity.java:1657)
at com.gtp.nextlauncher.trial.recommand.RecommandSmsActivity.onCreate(RecommandSmsActivity.java:30)
at android.app.Instrumentation.callActivityOnCreate(Instrumentation.java:1047)
at android.app.ActivityThread.performLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:1623)
at android.app.ActivityThread.handleLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:1675)
at android.app.ActivityThread.access$1500(ActivityThread.java:121)
at android.app.ActivityThread$H.handleMessage(ActivityThread.java:943)
at android.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:99)
at android.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:123)
at android.app.ActivityThread.main(ActivityThread.java:3701)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invokeNative(Native Method)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:507)
at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit$MethodAndArgsCaller.run(ZygoteInit.java:862)
at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit.main(ZygoteInit.java:620)
at dalvik.system.NativeStart.main(Native Method)




很长，但关键日志是在：
java.lang.OutOfMemoryError: bitmap size exceeds VM budget
at android.graphics.BitmapFactory.nativeDecodeAsset(Native Method)
at android.graphics.BitmapFactory.decodeStream(BitmapFactory.java:460)
at android.graphics.BitmapFactory.decodeResourceStream(BitmapFactory.java:336)
at android.graphics.drawable.Drawable.createFromResourceStream(Drawable.java:715)
at android.content.res.Resources.loadDrawable(Resources.java:1713)
at android.content.res.TypedArray.getDrawable(TypedArray.java:601)
at android.view.View.(View.java:1969)
at android.view.View.(View.java:1917)
at android.view.ViewGroup.(ViewGroup.java:304)
at android.widget.RelativeLayout.(RelativeLayout.java:173)
这是由于解析xml时背景图标导致爆内存，至于最小是多大的图片会导致爆内存，这个无法确定，猜测应该跟机型和实际运行情况有关，
因为产品发布前测试过的机型都没有问题，用户的反馈信息中看到最低90多K会爆。


至于解决方案：
1）直接找设计师更话小一点的图片，不过设计师也难为，因为一张图片光亮，渐变等元素去掉之后，效果也没那么好了，鱼跟熊掌，不可兼得。
2）能不能从代码层面去减少图片的大小呢？？？
可以的。可能通过代码来设置背景，然后通过trycatch来捕获爆内存；
继续优化的，可以通过动态缩放图标来减低爆内存机率。


RelativeLayout relativeLayout = (RelativeLayout) findViewById(R.id.recommand_sms);


BitmapFactory.Options opts = new BitmapFactory.Options();
opts.inJustDecodeBounds = true;
BitmapFactory.decodeResource(getResources(), R.drawable.recommand_sms_bg, opts);


opts.inSampleSize = computeSampleSize(opts, -1, 480 * 800);
opts.inJustDecodeBounds = false;
try {
Bitmap bmp = BitmapFactory.decodeResource(getResources(),
R.drawable.recommand_sms_bg, opts);
relativeLayout.setBackgroundDrawable(new BitmapDrawable(bmp));
} catch (OutOfMemoryError err) {
}






/**
* <br>功能简述:
* <br>功能详细描述:
* <br>注意:
* @param options
* @param minSideLength
* @param maxNumOfPixels 最大显示像素
* @return
*/
public static int computeSampleSize(BitmapFactory.Options options, int minSideLength,
int maxNumOfPixels) {
int initialSize = computeInitialSampleSize(options, minSideLength, maxNumOfPixels);


int roundedSize;
if (initialSize <= 8) {
roundedSize = 1;
while (roundedSize < initialSize) {
roundedSize <<= 1;
}
} else {
roundedSize = (initialSize + 7) / 8 * 8;
}


return roundedSize;
}


private static int computeInitialSampleSize(BitmapFactory.Options options, int minSideLength,
int maxNumOfPixels) {
double w = options.outWidth;
double h = options.outHeight;


int lowerBound = (maxNumOfPixels == -1) ? 1 : (int) Math.ceil(Math.sqrt(w * h
/ maxNumOfPixels));
int upperBound = (minSideLength == -1) ? 128 : (int) Math.min(
Math.floor(w / minSideLength), Math.floor(h / minSideLength));


if (upperBound < lowerBound) {
// return the larger one when there is no overlapping zone.
return lowerBound;
}


if ((maxNumOfPixels == -1) && (minSideLength == -1)) {
return 1;
} else if (minSideLength == -1) {
return lowerBound;
} else {
return upperBound;
}
}