insert /*+ append */ into test select
这是一个使用append和nologging对redo产生情况的实验。
-------------------------------
一、非归档模式下:
没有优化前 (1281372 redo size)
1、单一的使用nologging参数,对redo的产生没有什么影响。 (1214836 redo size)
2、单一的使用append提示,redo的减少很显著 (43872 redo size)
3、nologging+append,更显著 (1108 redo size)
没有优化前:
1、单独使用nologging参数,(1231904 redo size)
2、单独使用append提示, (1245804 redo size)
3、nologging + append, (3748 redo size)
a、使用nologging参数并不代表在dml操作中,oracle不产生redo,只是对于指定表的更新数据不产生redo,但是oracle还是要记录这些操作,所以无论怎么优化,dml操作肯定要产生redo,但是使用这些参数对redo size的影响还是非常可观的。
b、单独使用nologging参数,对redo size没有多少影响,只有和append配合时,才能产生效果。
c、单独使用append提示,对redo的产生影响很大,这是我到现在都不明白的道理,按说append是绕过freelists,直接去寻找新块,能减少对freelists的争用,为什么会少这么多redo呢?
d、归档模式和非归档模式下,参数影响不一样,尤其是单独使用append参数时,看来oracle对归档模式下出于安全考虑还是要多一些。
文章出处: http://www.diybl.com/course/7_databases/oracle/Oracleshl/2008810/135707.html
a.数据库运行在非归档模式下:
SQL> archive log list;
Database log mode No Archive Mode
Automatic archival Enabled
Archive destination /opt/oracle/oradata/hsjf/archive
Oldest online log sequence 155
Current log sequence 157
SQL> @redo
SQL> create table test as select * from dba_objects where 1=0;
Table created.
SQL> select * from redo_size;
VALUE
----------
63392
SQL>
SQL> insert into test select * from dba_objects;
10470 rows created.
SQL> select * from redo_size;
VALUE
----------
1150988
SQL>
SQL> insert into test select * from dba_objects;
10470 rows created.
SQL> select * from redo_size;
VALUE
----------
1152368
SQL> select (1152368 -1150988) redo_append,(1150988 -63392) redo from dual;
REDO_APPEND REDO
----------- ----------
1380 1087596
SQL> drop table test;
Table dropped.
我们看到在Noarchivelog模式下,对于常规表的insert append只产生少量redo
b.在归档模式下
SQL> shutdown immediate
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
SQL> startup mount
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 235999908 bytes
Fixed Size 451236 bytes
Variable Size 201326592 bytes
Database Buffers 33554432 bytes
Redo Buffers 667648 bytes
Database mounted.
SQL> alter database archivelog;
Database altered.
SQL> alter database open;
Database altered.
SQL> @redo
SQL> create table test as select * from dba_objects where 1=0;
Table created.
SQL> select * from redo_size;
VALUE
----------
56288
SQL>
SQL> insert into test select * from dba_objects;
10470 rows created.
SQL> select * from redo_size;
VALUE
----------
1143948
SQL>
SQL> insert into test select * from dba_objects;
10470 rows created.
SQL> select * from redo_size;
VALUE
----------
2227712
SQL> select (2227712 -1143948) redo_append,(1143948 -56288) redo from dual;
REDO_APPEND REDO
----------- ----------
1083764 1087660
SQL> drop table test;
Table dropped.
我们看到在归档模式下,对于常规表的insert append产生和insert同样的redo
此时的insert append实际上并不会有性能提高.
但是此时的append是生效了的
通过Logmnr分析日志得到以下结果:
SQL> select operation,count(*)
2 from v$logmnr_contents
3 group by operation;
OPERATION COUNT(*)
-------------------------------- ----------
COMMIT 17
DIRECT INSERT 10470
INTERNAL 49
START 17
我们注意到这里是DIRECT INSERT,而且是10470条记录,也就是每条记录都记录了redo.
2.对于Nologging的table的处理
a. 在归档模式下:
SQL> create table test nologging as select * from dba_objects where 1=0;
Table created.
SQL> select * from redo_size;
VALUE
----------
2270284
SQL>
SQL> insert into test select * from dba_objects;
10470 rows created.
SQL> select * from redo_size;
VALUE
----------
3357644
SQL>
SQL> insert into test select * from dba_objects;
10470 rows created.
SQL> select * from redo_size;
VALUE
----------
3359024
SQL> select (3359024 -3357644) redo_append,(3357644 - 2270284) redo from dual;
REDO_APPEND REDO
----------- ----------
1380 1087360
SQL> drop table test;
Table dropped.
我们注意到,只有append才能减少redo
b.在非归档模式下:
SQL> shutdown immediate
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
SQL> startup mount
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 235999908 bytes
Fixed Size 451236 bytes
Variable Size 201326592 bytes
Database Buffers 33554432 bytes
Redo Buffers 667648 bytes
Database mounted.
SQL> alter database noarchivelog;
Database altered.
SQL> alter database open;
Database altered.
SQL> @redo
SQL> create table test nologging as select * from dba_objects where 1=0;
Table created.
SQL> select * from redo_size;
VALUE
----------
56580
SQL>
SQL> insert into test select * from dba_objects;
10470 rows created.
SQL> select * from redo_size;
VALUE
----------
1144148
SQL>
SQL> insert into test select * from dba_objects;
10470 rows created.
SQL> select * from redo_size;
VALUE
----------
1145528
SQL> select (1145528 -1144148) redo_append,(1144148 -56580) redo from dual;
REDO_APPEND REDO
----------- ----------
1380 1087568
SQL>