基于JAX-WS调用Web Service的Java客户端

基于JAX-WS调用Web Service的Java客户端一般采用两种方式：proxy方式以及dispatch方式。
proxy方式，proxy的步骤主要如下图所示：

一,proxy方式的调用代码片段一般如下：

URL wsdlURL = new URL("file:///D:/JAVAWorkspace/Test/WSClient/src/wsdl/prjCXFWeb.wsdl");
QName serviceQName = new QName("http://test.cxf.bt.com/", "WSCXFProviderService");
QName portQName = new QName("http://test.cxf.bt.com/", "WSCXFProviderPort");
Service service = Service.create(wsdlURL, serviceQName);
WSCXFProvider port = (WSCXFProvider) service.getPort(portQName, WSCXFProvider.class);
try{
    System.out.println(port.testWS("message"));
}catch(SOAPFaultException e){
    System.out.println(e.getFault().getFaultCode());
    System.out.println(e.getFault().getFaultString());
}

1，用工具通过WSDL文件产生一个SEI(service endpoint interface),一个java的interface，能够对应该web service提供的功能。这个interface的类名会对应到WSDL的portType名称，方法会和operation对应，方法的参数会和message以及types对应。CXF和Axis都提供这样的工具：wsdl2java。【上面的WSCXFProvider就是SEI】
2，初始化Service，指定wsdL URL和service的QName，service的QName的前一部分是命名空间，后一部分是名称，与WSDL文件中的<wsdl:service name="WSCXFProviderService">部分对应。然后通过getPort得到一个实现了SEI的实例，这个实例被叫做Proxy。它的QName与 wsdl文件中的<wsdl:port name="WSCXFProviderPort"部分对应。
3，通过SEI调用web service，传给SEI的参数是加上JAXB annotation的java类（简单类型和String不用标记）。
4，传入的参数被序列化为SOAP消息的payload（body部分的xml），这是因为service.getPort是通过proxy机制创建的，调用这个proxy的方法时，和它关联的InvocationHandler的invoke方法也会执行，invoke方法会通过JAXB把java参数序列化为XML。然后会把soap request发到服务器端。
5，返回response是后与4类似，InvocationHandler负责把XML利用JAXB反序列化为java对象。

二,Dispatch方式：dispatch有payload方式和message方式。
在payload方式中，客户端需要关心的是 SOAP消息中的body部分，可以通过把带有JAXB注解的Java对象或者XML source两种方法传递给dispatch来调用Web service。
1,payload方式通过JAXB Java对象：
示例代码：

// create Service
URL wsdlURL = new URL("file:///D:/JAVAWorkspace/Test/WSClient/src/wsdl/prjCXFWeb.wsdl");
QName serviceQName = new QName("http://test.cxf.bt.com/", "WSCXFProviderService");
Service service = Service.create(wsdlURL, serviceQName);
JAXBContext ctxt = JAXBContext.newInstance(MyRequest.class, MyResponse.class);
QName portQName = new QName("http://test.cxf.bt.com/", "WSCXFProviderPort");
Dispatch<Object> dispatchJAXB = service.createDispatch(portQName, ctxt, Service.Mode.PAYLOAD);
// create the custom request order object
MyRequest myReq = new MyRequest();
myReq.arg0="message";
MyResponse resp = (MyResponse) dispatchJAXB.invoke(myReq);
System.out.println(resp.get_return());

MyRequest是加上JAXB 标注的类：

@XmlAccessorType(XmlAccessType.FIELD)
@XmlType(name = "testWS", propOrder = {
    "arg0"
})
@XmlRootElement(name = "testWS")
public class MyRequest {
     protected String arg0;
    public String getArg0() {
        return arg0;
    }
    public void setArg0(String arg0) {
        this.arg0 = arg0;
    }
}

MyResponse也是加上JAXB 标注的类：

@XmlAccessorType(XmlAccessType.FIELD)
@XmlType(name = "testWSResponse", propOrder = {
    "_return"
})
@XmlRootElement(name = "testWSResponse", namespace="http://test.cxf.bt.com/")
public class MyResponse {
    @XmlElement(name = "return")
    protected String _return;
    public String get_return() {
        return _return;
    }
    public void set_return(String _return) {
        this._return = _return;
    }   
}

某些工具生成的JAXB客户端(MyRequest和MyResponse)会没有加上@XmlRootElement,这时候会报* unable to marshal type "....." as an element because it is missing an @XmlRootElement annotation],候需要手动的加上XmlRootElement注解.

2.1,payload方式通过XML source：只传入xml的payload部分的内容,不需要SOAP消息的envelope部分。

StreamSource xmlSource = new StreamSource(new StringReader(
        "<dlwmin:testWS xmlns:dlwmin=/"http://test.cxf.bt.com//"><arg0>xxx</arg0></dlwmin:testWS>"));
// create Service
URL wsdlURL = new URL("file:///D:/JAVAWorkspace/Test/WSClient/src/wsdl/prjCXFWeb.wsdl");
QName serviceQName = new QName("http://test.cxf.bt.com/", "WSCXFProviderService");
Service service = Service.create(wsdlURL, serviceQName);
// create Dispatch<Source>
QName portQName = new QName("http://test.cxf.bt.com/", "WSCXFProviderPort");
Dispatch<Source> dispatch = service.createDispatch(portQName, Source.class, Service.Mode.PAYLOAD);
Source orderSource = dispatch.invoke(xmlSource);
// Process the response.
StreamResult result = new StreamResult(new ByteArrayOutputStream());
Transformer trans = TransformerFactory.newInstance().newTransformer();
trans.transform(orderSource, result);
ByteArrayOutputStream baos = (ByteArrayOutputStream) result.getOutputStream();
// Write out the response content.
String responseContent = new String(baos.toByteArray());
System.out.println(responseContent);

2.2,message方式通过XML source：传入整个的soap消息的xml内容。

StreamSource xmlSource1 = new StreamSource(
    new StringReader(
            "<?xml version=/"1.0/" encoding=/"utf-8/" ?>
<SOAP-ENV:Envelope xmlns:SOAP-ENV=/"http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope//" 
xmlns:xsd=/"http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema/" xmlns:xsi=/"http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance/">
<SOAP-ENV:Header/><SOAP-ENV:Body><dlwmin:testWS xmlns:dlwmin=/"http://test.cxf.bt.com//">
<arg0>xxx</arg0></dlwmin:testWS></SOAP-ENV:Body></SOAP-ENV:Envelope>"));

// create Service
URL wsdlURL = new URL("file:///D:/JAVAWorkspace/Test/WSClient/src/wsdl/prjCXFWeb.wsdl");
QName serviceQName = new QName("http://test.cxf.bt.com/", "WSCXFProviderService");
Service service = Service.create(wsdlURL, serviceQName);

// create Dispatch<Source>
QName portQName = new QName("http://test.cxf.bt.com/", "WSCXFProviderPort");
Dispatch<SOAPMessage> dispatch = service.createDispatch(portQName, SOAPMessage.class, Service.Mode.MESSAGE);

MessageFactory factory = MessageFactory.newInstance();
SOAPMessage message = factory.createMessage();
message.getSOAPPart().setContent(xmlSource1);
message.saveChanges();
SOAPMessage response = dispatch.invoke(message);
SOAPPart sp = response.getSOAPPart();
Source resp = sp.getContent();

// Process the response.
StreamResult result = new StreamResult(new ByteArrayOutputStream());
Transformer trans = TransformerFactory.newInstance().newTransformer();
trans.transform(resp, result);
ByteArrayOutputStream baos = (ByteArrayOutputStream) result.getOutputStream();

// Write out the response content.
String responseContent = new String(baos.toByteArray());
System.out.println(responseContent);

2.3,JAX-WS仍然支持使用RPC方式调用,但已经完全不鼓励使用(服务器端的服务提供类必须extends Remote).下面是一个客服端的调用例子:引入的是javax.xml.rpc包下的类.

package com.test.jaxws.caller;

import java.net.MalformedURLException;
import java.net.URL;
import java.rmi.RemoteException;
import javax.xml.namespace.QName;
import javax.xml.rpc.Service;
import javax.xml.rpc.ServiceException;
import javax.xml.rpc.ServiceFactory;
import com.cxfws.test.SimpleService;

public class JAXRPCWSCaller {
    static String wsdlLocation = "file:///D:/JAVAWorkspace/Repository/prjCXFWS/src/wsdl/prjCXFWS.wsdl";

    // SimpleService must extends Remote if using this way to call web service
    public static void main(String[] args) throws MalformedURLException, ServiceException, RemoteException {

        ServiceFactory serviceFactory = ServiceFactory.newInstance();

        Service service = serviceFactory.createService(new URL(wsdlLocation), new QName("http://test.cxfws.com/",
                "SimpleServiceService"));

        SimpleService myProxy = (SimpleService) service.getPort(
                new QName("http://test.cxfws.com/", "SimpleServicePort"), SimpleService.class);

        String result = myProxy.concatenate("s1", "s2");
        System.out.println(result);

    }
}

2.4,而如果服务器端不是JAVA实现,那就只能用soap.jar的rpc.Call了[下面的例子是一个很古老的代码了...]

package com.test.soaprpc.caller;

import java.net.URL;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.Vector;

import org.apache.soap.Constants;
import org.apache.soap.Fault;
import org.apache.soap.Header;
import org.apache.soap.encoding.SOAPMappingRegistry;
import org.apache.soap.encoding.soapenc.StringDeserializer;
import org.apache.soap.rpc.Call;
import org.apache.soap.rpc.Parameter;
import org.apache.soap.rpc.Response;
import org.apache.soap.util.xml.QName;

public class WSCallerBySOAP {
    public Object callWS(Parameter[] params, String uri, String mtdName, String url, SOAPMappingRegistry smr) {
       
        try {
            Call call = new Call();
   
            call.setTargetObjectURI(uri);
            call.setMethodName(mtdName);
            call.setParams(new Vector(Arrays.asList(params)));
           
            call.setSOAPMappingRegistry(smr);
           
            Header myHeader = new Header();
            myHeader.declareNamespace("", " XXX ");
            myHeader.setAttribute(new QName("", "Minor"), "0");
            call.setHeader(myHeader);

            Response resp = call.invoke(new URL(url), "");
           
            if (resp.generatedFault()) {
                Fault fault = resp.getFault();
                System.out.println(fault.getFaultCode());
                System.out.println(fault.getFaultString());
            } else {
                if (resp.getReturnValue() != null) {
                    Object obj = resp.getReturnValue().getValue();
                    return obj;
                }
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
            System.out.println(e);
        }
        return null;
    }
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        WSCallerBySOAP wsCaller = new WSCallerBySOAP();
        Parameter param1 = new Parameter("arg0", String.class, "<test:testWS>" + "<arg0>aaaaaaaaaa</arg0>"
                + "</test:testWS>", Constants.NS_URI_SOAP_ENC);

        Parameter[] prams = new Parameter[] { param1 };
        String uri = "WSCXFProviderPort";
        String url = "http://localhost:7225/prjCXFWeb/services/WSCXFProviderPort";
        String mtdName = "testWS";

        SOAPMappingRegistry smr = new SOAPMappingRegistry();
        smr.mapTypes(Constants.NS_URI_SOAP_ENC, new QName("", "return"), null, null, new StringDeserializer());

        System.out.println(wsCaller.callWS(prams, uri, mtdName, url, smr));
    }
}