ubuntu 11.04 中安装 opencv 2.3

OpenCV官网的安装教程好像写的很全面，window，linux，macOS各种环境的都写了，VS2010，Eclipse，Codeblocks各种IDE的也都写了，但是好像每个都没写明白，所以在这里写一个简明的教程，环境是ubuntu11.04，openCV 2.3，编译器G++，编辑器vim。

1. 安装openCV2.3的依赖包，如果只用其基本功能用：

  sudo apt-get install build-essential libgtk2.0-dev libavcodec-dev libavformat-dev libjpeg62-dev libtiff4-dev cmake libswscale-dev libjasper-dev

想用其所有功能，用以下命令：

sudo apt-get install build-essential
sudo apt-get install cmake
sudo apt-get install pkg-config
sudo apt-get install libpng12-0 libpng12-dev libpng++-dev libpng3
sudo apt-get install libpnglite-dev libpngwriter0-dev libpngwriter0c2
sudo apt-get install zlib1g-dbg zlib1g zlib1g-dev
sudo apt-get install libjasper-dev libjasper-runtime libjasper1
sudo apt-get install pngtools libtiff4-dev libtiff4 libtiffxx0c2 libtiff-tools
sudo apt-get install libjpeg8 libjpeg8-dev libjpeg8-dbg libjpeg-prog
sudo apt-get install ffmpeg libavcodec-dev libavcodec52 libavformat52 libavformat-dev
sudo apt-get install libgstreamer0.10-0-dbg libgstreamer0.10-0  libgstreamer0.10-dev
sudo apt-get install libxine1-ffmpeg  libxine-dev libxine1-bin
sudo apt-get install libunicap2 libunicap2-dev
sudo apt-get install libdc1394-22-dev libdc1394-22 libdc1394-utils
sudo apt-get install swig
sudo apt-get install libv4l-0 libv4l-dev
sudo apt-get install python-numpy

2. 点击这里下载 OpenCV 2.3或者在terminal里执行以下命令

   wget http://sourceforge.net/projects/opencvlibrary/files/opencv-unix/2.2/OpenCV-2.3.1a.tar.bz2

3. 解压到home目录～/OpenCV-2.3.1（当然也可以是别的地方）

    tar -xvf OpenCV-2.3.1a.tar.bz2

4. 创建一个发布opencv的目录，比如～/OpenCV-2.3.1/release

    $ cd OpenCV-2.3.1
    $ mkdir release
    $ cd release

5. 执行以下命令：

    $ cmake ..
    $ make
    $ sudo make install

6. 打开home下的./bashrc

    $ gedit .bashrc

在文件最后加入以下内容：

    export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/home/your_user_name/OpenCV-2.3.1/release/lib
    export PKG_CONFIG_PATH=/home/your_user_name/OpenCV-2.3.1/release/lib/pkgconfig
    alias gcv="g++ `pkg-config --cflags opencv` `pkg-config --libs opencv`"

7. 把openCV里的例子编译以下：

    $ cd /home/your_user_name/OpenCV-2.3.1/samples/c
    $ chmod a+x build_all.sh
    $ ./build_all.sh

8. 由于我们已经在bashrc里创建了别名gcv，所以可以使用以下命令编译:

    $ gcv hellocv.cpp

hellocv.cpp 一个简单的例子：

#include "opencv2/imgproc/imgproc.hpp"
#include "opencv2/highgui/highgui.hpp"
 
using namespace cv;
using namespace std;
 
int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
      Mat img = imread("lena.jpg"); 
 
       if(!img.data) 
       return -1; 
       namedWindow("Lena", CV_WINDOW_AUTOSIZE); 
       imshow("Lena", img); 
       waitKey();
       return 0;
}